A5002594932- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Climate variability and models
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Reservoir Engineering and Simulation Methods
- Marine and environmental studies
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Coastal and Marine Management
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
2014-2024
Office of Ocean Exploration and Research
2021
Concord University
2019
Physical Sciences (United States)
2019
Florida State University
2003-2013
NOAA Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory
2004-2011
University of Florida
2011
Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane
2004
Purdue University West Lafayette
1999-2002
NSF National Center for Atmospheric Research
1992-1999
An improved mixed layer model, based on second‐moment closure of turbulence and suitable for application to oceanic atmospheric layers, is described. The model tested against observational data from different locations in the global oceans, including high latitudes tropics. belongs Mellor‐Yamada hierarchy but incorporates recent findings research large eddy simulations closure. modified expansion Galperin, Kantha, Hassid Rosati (1988) that leads a much simpler more robust quasi‐equilibrium...
Abstract This study quantifies mean annual and monthly fluxes of Earth’s water cycle over continents ocean basins during the first decade millennium. To extent possible, flux estimates are based on satellite measurements data-integrating models second. A careful accounting uncertainty in is included. It applied within a routine that enforces multiple energy budget constraints simultaneously variational framework order to produce objectively determined optimized estimates. In majority cases,...
Abstract New objectively balanced observation-based reconstructions of global and continental energy budgets their seasonal variability are presented that span the golden decade Earth-observing satellites at start twenty-first century. In absence balance constraints, various combinations modern flux datasets reveal current estimates net radiation into Earth’s surface exceed corresponding turbulent heat fluxes by 13–24 W m−2. The largest imbalances occur over oceanic regions where component...
Turbulent and radiative exchanges of heat between the ocean atmosphere (hereafter fluxes), surface wind stress, state variables used to estimate them, are Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) Climate (ECVs) influencing weather climate. This paper describes an observational strategy for producing 3-hourly, 25-km (and aspirational goal hourly at 10-km) flux stress fields over global, ice-free with breakthrough 1-day random uncertainty 15 W m-2 a bias less than 5 m-2. At present this accuracy...
The relationship among clouds, surface radiation flux, and the sea temperature (SST) of tropical western Pacific Ocean over diurnal cycle is addressed in context Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program scientific objectives for Ocean. An understanding between clouds SST on a variety time space scales needed to understand fully cloud-radiation feedback oceans maintenance warm pool. Here emphasized. Data from TOGA COARE Intensive Observation Period examined interpreted using an ocean...
Polar regions have great sensitivity to climate forcing; however, understanding of the physical processes coupling atmosphere and ocean in these is relatively poor. Improving our knowledge high-latitude surface fluxes will require close collaboration among meteorologists, oceanographers, ice physicists, climatologists, between observationalists modelers, as well new combinations situ measurements satellite remote sensing. This article describes deficiencies current state about air–sea high...
High-resolution surface fluxes over the global ocean are needed to evaluate coupled atmosphere–ocean models and weather forecasting models, provide forcing for understand regional temporal variations of exchange heat between atmosphere ocean, a large-scale context field experiments. Under auspices World Climate Research Programme (WCRP) Global Energy Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Radiation Panel, SEAFLUX Project has been initiated investigate producing high-resolution satellite-based...
Abstract Mixing in the free atmosphere above planetary boundary layer is of great importance to fate trace gases and pollutants. However, direct measurements turbulent dissipation rate by situ probes are very scarce radar fraught with uncertainties. In this paper, turbulence scaling concepts, developed over past decades for application oceanic mixing, used suggest an alternative technique retrieving properties from high-resolution soundings. This enables radiosondes, which have become quite...
Abstract Diurnal sea surface warming affects the fluxes of latent heat, sensible and upwelling longwave radiation. most typically reaches maximum values 3°C, although very localized events may reach 7°–8°C. An analysis multiple years diurnal over global ice-free oceans indicates that heat determined by using predawn temperature can differ more than 100% in regions those which is allowed to fluctuate on a basis. A comparison flux climatologies produced these two analyses demonstrates...
The turbulent heat fluxes play a pivotal role in the exchange of energy between atmosphere and ocean. calculation these over global oceans requires use bulk aerodynamic or flux‐gradient methods that rely on estimates sea surface temperature (SST), near‐surface wind speed, air temperature, specific humidity. Errors current methodologies satellite retrievals properties have been shown to be main sources error for fluxes. A new neural network technique is presented here significantly improves...
Abstract In winter, the Northwest Tropical Atlantic Ocean can be characterized by various wave age‐based interactions among ocean current, surface wind and waves, which are critical for accurately describing stress. this work, coupled wave‐ocean‐atmosphere model simulations conducted using two different roughness parameterizations within COARE3.5, including one that relies solely on speed another uses age slope as inputs. Comparisons with directly measured momentum fluxes during ATOMIC/EUREC...
Abstract A dataset consisting of daily diurnal warming values from 1996 through 2000 covering the global Tropics (30°N 30°S) at 0.25° × resolution has been created using a parameterization for developed previously. The inputs to are peak shortwave solar radiation [determined International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) data] and averaged wind speed Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) data]. Comparisons with Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere (TOGA) (TAO) Pilot Research Moored...
An internally consistent model is presented that can be used to determine the ocean surface fluxes of heat, moisture, and momentum, given bulk sea temperature atmospheric temperature, humidity, winds measured at a single level within layer. This based upon renewal theory as described by Brutsaert [1975a]. Liu et al. [1979] (hereinafter referred LKB) made partial use this theory, further improvements LKB parameterization have been Fairall [1996a]. The present includes following relative flux...
Sequential infrared satellite imagery is used to objectively compute surface currents in the Gulf Stream region using maximum correlation (MCC) method. The images, filtered for cloud cover, are find displacement of temperature patterns by locating cross windowed portions image pair. Statistical significance and next-neighbor filter techniques applied remove fictitious current vectors due presence residual or other nonadvective processes. core found require special treatment high local...
Recent results using wind and sea surface temperature data from satellites high-resolution coupled models suggest that mesoscale ocean–atmosphere interactions affect the locations evolution of storms seasonal precipitation over continental regions such as western US Europe. The processes responsible for this coupling are difficult to verify due paucity accurate air–sea turbulent heat moisture flux data. These fluxes currently derived by combining satellite measurements not coincident have...
In winter, the Northwest Tropical Atlantic Ocean can be characterized by various regimes of interactions among ocean current, surface wind, and wind waves, which are critical for accurately describing stress. this work, coupled wave-ocean-atmosphere model simulations conducted using two different wave roughness parameterizations within COARE3.5, including one that relies solely on speed another uses age slope as inputs. Comparisons with directly measured momentum fluxes during ATOMIC/EUREC4A...
Abstract Improved seasonal prediction of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over the global oceans is theme this paper. Using 13 state-of-the-art coupled atmosphere–ocean models and yr forecasts, performance individual models, ensemble mean, bias-removed Florida State University (FSU) superensemble are compared. A total 23 400 forecasts based on 1-month lead times were available for study. Evaluation metrics include both deterministic probabilistic skill measures, such as verification...
Abstract Four state-of-the-art satellite-based estimates of ocean surface latent heat fluxes (LHFs) extending over three decades are analyzed, focusing on the interannual variability and trends near-global averages regional patterns. Detailed intercomparisons made with other datasets including 1) reduced observation reanalyses (RedObs) whose exclusion satellite data renders them an important independent diagnostic tool; 2) a moisture budget residual LHF estimate using reanalysis transport,...
A coupled atmosphere–ocean single-column model has been developed for testing tropical ocean–atmosphere feedbacks. The is evaluated against observational data (both in situ and satellite) during the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) intensive observation period. able to successfully reproduce variations cloud parameters surface fluxes; also overestimates latent sensible heat fluxes compared observations. overestimation most likely due...
Abstract Turbulent fluxes of heat and moisture across the atmosphere–ocean interface are fundamental components earth’s energy water balance. Characterizing both spatiotemporal variability fidelity these exchanges is critical to understanding global cycle variations, quantifying feedbacks, improving model predictability. This study examines veracity recently completed NASA Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research Applications (MERRA) product in terms its turbulent surface fluxes....