A5046664920- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Infrared Target Detection Methodologies
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Climate variability and models
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Advanced Semiconductor Detectors and Materials
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Fault Detection and Control Systems
- Adaptive optics and wavefront sensing
- Planetary Science and Exploration
- Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- Air Traffic Management and Optimization
- Superconducting and THz Device Technology
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Space exploration and regulation
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2015-2024
University of California, San Diego
2024
NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory
2024
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2024
NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories
2024
University of Hong Kong
2024
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
2024
University of Arizona
2024
Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute
2024
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement
2024
The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), with 36 bands and 0.25-, 0.5-, 1.0-km geometric instantaneous-fields-of-view (GIFOVs) at nadir, has completed system level testing been integrated onto the Earth Observing System (EOS)-AM1 spacecraft, which is slated for launch in 1998. Raytheon Santa Barbara Remote Sensing (SBRS), Goleta, CA, MODIS developer, performed extensive characterization calibration measurements that have demonstrated a meets or exceeds most of NASA's...
The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and its two companion microwave sounders, AMSU HSB were launched into polar orbit onboard the NASA Aqua Satellite in May 2002. required sounding system to provide high-quality research data for climate studies meet NOAA's requirements improving operational weather forecasting. NOAA requirement translated global retrieval of temperature humidity profiles with accuracies approaching those radiosondes. AIRS also provides new measurements several...
With 2378 infrared spectral channels ranging in wavelength from 3.7-15.4 /spl mu/m, the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) represents a quantum leap spaceborne sounding instruments. Each channel of AIRS instrument has well-defined bandshape and must be radiometrically calibrated to standards developed by National Institute Standards Technology. This paper defines algorithms, methods, test results prelaunch radiometric calibration in-flight approach. Derivation transfer equations is...
Human activity has increased the concentration of earth's atmospheric carbon dioxide, which plays a direct role in contributing to global warming. Mid‐tropospheric CO 2 retrieved by Atmospheric Infrared Sounder shows substantial spatiotemporal variability that is supported situ aircraft measurements. The distribution middle tropospheric strongly influenced surface sources and large‐scale circulations such as mid‐latitude jet streams synoptic weather systems, most notably summer hemisphere....
The moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) is a scanning radiometer that will fly as facility instrument on the NASA polar-orbiting earth observing system (EOS) spacecraft. first MODIS scheduled for launch in 1998 EOS-AM designed to provide critical data necessary monitor global change and information vital understanding Earth system. This paper provides an overview of requirements design. operation described from photons formatted out. Brief descriptions key functional...
AIRS and MODIS on the EOS Aqua spacecraft collect global observations of Earth's upwelling infrared radiance for numerous remote sensing climate related applications. This paper presents comparisons illustrates utility using high–spectral resolution to create a highly accurate assessment broadband sensor calibration. In analysis, spectra are reduced spectral resolution, high–spatial data spatial collected 6 September 2002 18 February 2004. Spatially uniform scenes selected, observed...
This paper describes some observations of pulsed laser damage to optical fibers with emphasis on a mode characterized as linear fracture along the outer core fiber. Damage threshold data are presented which illustrate effects focusing lens, end-surface preparation, and type An explanation based fiber-beam misalignment is given illustrated by simple experiment ray trace.
The ability to accurately validate high–spectral resolution infrared radiance measurements from space using comparisons with a high‐altitude aircraft spectrometer has been successfully demonstrated. demonstration is based on 21 November 2002 underflight of the AIRS NASA Aqua spacecraft by Scanning‐HIS ER‐2 aircraft. A comparison technique which accounts for different viewing geometries and spectral characteristics two sensors introduced, accurate are made channels throughout spectrum....
Abstract Arctic sea ice is declining rapidly and its annual extent minima reached record lows twice during the last decade. Large environmental socioeconomic implications related to reduction in a warming world necessitate realistic simulations of climate system, not least formulate relevant policies on an international scale. However, despite considerable progress few decades, future projections from numerical models still exhibit largest uncertainties over polar regions. The lack...
The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on EOS/Aqua platform provides a measurement of global methane (CH4) in the mid-upper troposphere since September, 2002. As thermal infrared sounder, most sensitivity AIRS to atmospheric CH4 is with degree freedom ~1.0. Validation product versus thousands aircraft profiles (convolved using averaging kernels) demonstrates that its RMS error (RMSE) mostly less than 1.5%, and quality pretty stable from 2003 2009. For scientific analysis spatial temporal...
Abstract The combination of multiple satellite instruments on a pixel-by-pixel basis is difficult task, even for collocated in space and time, such as the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) board Earth Observing System (EOS) Aqua. Toward goal an improved collocation methodology, channel- scan angle–dependent spatial response functions AIRS that were obtained from prelaunch measurements calculated impacts geometry are shown within context...
Abstract Satellite CO 2 retrievals from the Greenhouse gases Observing SATellite (GOSAT), Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), and Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) in situ measurements National Oceanic Administration ‐ Earth System Research Laboratory (NOAA‐ESRL) Surface Total Carbon Column Network (TCCON) are utilized to explore variability at different altitudes. A multiple regression method is used calculate annual cycle semiannual amplitudes data sets. The for GOSAT X CO2 TCCON...
Abstract Atmospheric humidity and soil moisture in the Amazon forest are tightly coupled to region’s water balance, or difference between two fluxes, evapotranspiration minus precipitation (ET-P). However, large poorly characterized uncertainties both their difference, make it challenging evaluate spatiotemporal variations of balance its dependence on ET P. Here, we show that satellite observations HDO/H 2 O ratio vapor sensitive ET-P over Amazon. When calibrated by basin-scale mass-balance...
The advanced infrared (IR) and microwave (MW) sounding systems have been providing atmospheric information critical for nowcasting improving weather forecasts through data assimilation in numerical prediction. In recent years, IR MW sounder are being proposed to be onboard CubeSats that much more cost efficient than traditional satellite systems. An impact study using a regional Observing System Simulation Experiment on local severe storm (LSS) was carried out evaluate the alternative of...
The CubeSat Infrared Atmospheric Sounder (CIRAS) will measure upwelling infrared radiation of the Earth in MWIR region spectrum from space on a CubeSat. observed radiances have information potential value to weather forecasting agencies and can be used retrieve lower tropospheric temperature water vapor globally for climate science investigations. Multiple units flown improve temporal coverage or formation provide new data products including 3D atmospheric motion vector winds. CIRAS...
The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the EOS Aqua Spacecraft was launched 4 May 2002. AIRS is designed to measure atmospheric temperature and water vapor profiles has demonstrated exceptional radiometric spectral accuracy stability in orbit. International System of Units (SI)-traceability derived radiances achieved by transferring calibration from Large Area Blackbody (LABB) with SI traceable sensors, On-Board Calibrator (OBC) blackbody during preflight testing. views OBC four full...
The creation of multi-decadal data sets for climate research requires better than 100 mK absolute calibration accuracy the full range spectral temperatures encountered under global conditions. Validation that this is achieved by operational hyperspectral sounders from polar orbit facilitated comparing two instruments. Extreme radiometric stability critical to allow a long time series noisy, but presumably long-term accurate truth measurements be used validation at level. We use RTGSST in...
The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the EOS Aqua Spacecraft was launched May 4, 2002. Early in mission, AIRS instrument demonstrated its value to weather forecasting community with better than 6 hours of improvement 5 day forecast. Now over eight years consistent and stable data from AIRS, scientists are able examine processes governing climate look at seasonal interannual trends high statistical confidence. Naturally, long-term require a longer set, but indications that spacecraft...
Abstract The authors investigate the influence of El Niño on midtropospheric CO2 from Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and Model for Ozone Related Chemical Tracers, version 2 (MOZART-2). AIRS data are used to study temporal spatial variability in response Niño. differences between central western Pacific Ocean correlate well with Southern Oscillation index. To reveal signal CO2, a multiple regression method is applied September 2002 February 2011. There more (less) less (more) during (La...
Abstract Midtropospheric CO2 retrievals from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) were used to explore influence of stratospheric sudden warming (SSW) on in middle upper troposphere. To choose SSW events that had strong coupling between stratosphere and troposphere, authors applied a principal component analysis NCEP/Department Energy Global Reanalysis 2 (NCEP-2) geopotential height data at 17 pressure levels. Two (April 2003 March 2005) have couplings troposphere chosen investigate AIRS...
AIRS, on the EOS-Aqua, produces global high precision spectra form 3.7-15.4 micron with spectral resolving power (mu) /(Delta) (Mu) equals1200 twice each day 708 km orbital altitude. AIRS is first hyperspectral IR spectrometer designed to support NOAA/NCEPs operational requirements for medium range weather forecasting during its nominal 7 year lifetime. together AMSU and HSB microwave radiometers, will achieve retrieval accuracy of better than 1K rms in lower troposphere under clear partly...
[1] Mid-tropospheric CO2 retrieved from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) was used to investigate interannual variability over Indo-Pacific region. A signal with periodicity around two years found for AIRS mid-tropospheric first time, which is related Tropospheric Biennial Oscillation (TBO) associated strength of monsoon. During a strong (weak) monsoon year, Western Walker Circulation (weak), resulting in enhanced (diminished) transport surface mid-troposphere. As result, there are...
Abstract The authors present an analysis of the global midtropospheric CO2 retrieved for all-sky (clear and cloudy) conditions from measurements by Atmospheric Infrared Radiation Sounder on board Aqua satellite in 2003–09. data coverage allows identification set spatial patterns their time variability applying principal component empirical mode decomposition. first, dominant pattern represents 93% exhibits linear trend 2 ± 0.2 ppm yr−1, as well annual interannual dependencies. single-site...