This paper presents a summary of current practice and recent developments in the application passive energy dissipation systems for seismic protection structures. The emphasis is on within framing building Major topics that are presented include basic principles systems, descriptions mechanical behavior mathematical modeling selected devices, advantages disadvantages these development guidelines design philosophy analysis structures employing considerations unique to with devices. A...

In a research program, co-sponsored by Bechtel Power Corporation and CounterQuake Corporation, the seismic performance of steel plate added damping stiffness (ADAS) elements was investigated through series sub-assemblage experiments earthquake simulator testing three story ductile moment resisting space frame (DMRSF) upgraded with ADAS elements. The demonstrated their stable hysteresis for large number yielding cycles. addition system (ADAS chevron braces) to DMRSF limited frame's response...

Over the period 1986 to 1991, seven different passive energy dissipation systems were studied in experimental research programs at Earthquake Engineering Research Center of University California Berkeley. This paper presents an overview these studies, describing types devices, results shake table experiments, and associated analytical work. Four are friction systems, these, three (Sumitomo, Pall, Friction-Slip) based on Coulomb friction. The fourth is Fluor-Daniel Energy Dissipating...

Abstract A research program is summarized in which collapse of a steel frame structure predicted numerically and the accuracy prediction validated experimentally through earthquake simulator tests two 1:8 scale models 4‐story code‐compliant prototype moment‐resisting frame. We demonstrate that (1) sidesway can occur for realistic combinations structural framing ground motion; (2) P − Δ effects component deterioration dominate behavior near collapse; (3) feasible using relatively simple...

Experimental and numerical studies are used to examine the behavior of friction pendulum (FP) bearings multiple components excitation. In experimental studies, a scaled rigid-frame model representing rigid bridge superstructure on four FP is subjected displacement-controlled orbits earthquake simulations. Using test data from bidirectional displacement orbits, constant coefficient calibrated for rate-independent plasticity bearings. The compared with simulations evaluate efficacy models....

SUMMARY The nuclear accident at Fukushima Daiichi in March 2011 has led the community to consider seismic isolation for new large light water and small modular reactors withstand effects of beyond design basis loadings, including extreme earthquakes. United States Nuclear Regulatory Commission is sponsoring a research project that will quantify response low damping rubber (LDR) lead (LR) bearings under loadings associated with Under an elastomeric bearing not expected deviate from...

Approximately 40% of the heavy industry in Turkey was located region affected by 1999 Mw 7.4 Kocaeli earthquake. Twenty-four facilities representing different industries epicentral were surveyed after Structural and nonstructural damage to these is summarized performance reported using a classification scheme. Information on typical industrial-facility construction practice presented. Earthquake most common structural framing systems highlighted. The small number visited reconnaissance team...

Summary The force–displacement behavior of the Friction Pendulum™ (FP) bearing is a function coefficient sliding friction, axial load on and effective radius surface. friction varies during course an earthquake with velocity, pressure temperature at velocity depend response superstructure to shaking. instant in time shaking histories pressure, travel path slider A unified framework accommodating complex interdependence presented for implementation nonlinear response‐history analysis....

An experimental study investigated the behavior of large-scale steel-plate composite (SC) walls subjected to cyclic lateral loading. The testing program involved four rectangular SC wall specimens with an aspect ratio (height-to-length) 1.0. were anchored a concrete basemat pretensioned bolted connection that was designed be stronger than walls. design parameters considered in investigation thickness, reinforcement ratio, stud spacing, and tie bar spacing. pretest analyses, global...

The effect of damping on the response elastic and inelastic single-degree-of-freedom systems was studied by nonlinear response-history analysis using earthquake histories that matched average a 2000 NEHRP spectrum stiff soil site for region high seismic risk. New displacement reduction factors levels greater than 5% critical are presented. equations to relate displacements in short-period range, critical, technical basis reducing minimum design base shear damped buildings maximum 25%, from...

Full-scale dynamic testing of suspended ceiling systems was performed to obtain fragility data suitable for performance-based assessment and design. On the basis derived from testing, (1) use retainer clips improves performance in terms loss tiles, (2) including recycled cross tees suspension grid increases vulnerability systems, (3) undersized (poorly fitting) tiles are substantially more vulnerable than properly fitted (4) compression posts seismic limit states minor moderate damage....

An experimental study investigating the influence of lateral displacement on vertical stiffness elastomeric and lead–rubber seismic isolation bearings is summarized. Two identically constructed low-damping rubber were subjected to a series tests with varying levels combined axial (compressive) loading this relationship. The results these showed decreases increasing for each bearing tested. Additionally, data are used evaluate four formulations estimation as function displacement. From...

Abstract Lead–rubber bearings are seismic isolators that have been used extensively to protect buildings, bridges and mission‐critical infrastructure from the damaging effects of earthquake shaking. Under large‐displacement cyclic motion, strength a lead–rubber bearing reduces due energy dissipation resultant heating lead core. This paper proposes method incorporate degradation core in modeling hysteretic behavior bearings. The validity proposed model is investigated through comparing...

Reinforced concrete shear walls are critical structural components in gravity and lateral force resisting systems. The objective of this work is to design validate a monitoring system capable rapid automated damage assessment reinforced walls. proposed based on sparse array piezoelectric transducers receive acoustic emissions distributed across the wall statistical pattern recognition algorithm identifying conditions inform decision makers need for repair ensure safe operation structure. was...

In the last two decades, several efforts have been made to monitor cracking behavior in RC structures. A technique that shows promise is acoustic emission (AE). This paper presents results of an experimental study aimed at monitoring fracture processes a large-scale shear wall using one most important AE parameters, is, b-value. The specimen was subjected displacement controlled reversed cyclic loading. Gaussian filter proposed improve interpretation b-value data obtained during test....

Although the distributions of peak incident overpressure and impulse generated from spherical charges cylindrical same weight can differ greatly close to point detonation, are assumed for nearly all explosive-effects computations per modern standards blast-resistant design such as UFC-3-340-02 soon-to-be published ASCE Standard Blast Protection Buildings. A blast-testing program was performed using a reinforced concrete slab target investigate reflected function charge shape, orientation,...