Abstract The present study compared the abilities of spectral vegetation indices (VI) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Moderate Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensors in accurately detecting seasonal changes (phenology) with regard to forage quantity quality. normalized difference index (NDVI) enhanced (EVI) were computed a 10‐day maximum value composite from April 1 October 31, 2002. sites included four meadow steppes six typical Xilingol steppe area central Inner...

A substantial amount of food processing by-products and leftovers are managed as waste, while conventional beef production in Japan relies heavily on imported concentrate feed, leading to considerable environmental impacts. Hanzawa Ranch Kushiro, Hokkaido, Japan, is a pioneering organic farm that utilizes only alongside farm-grown forage. This study conducted life cycle assessment evaluate the impacts at (Hanzawa system) compared Japanese method. The objective was determine extent which load...

A study was conducted to determine the potential suitability of Terra/MODIS imagery for monitoring short‐term phenological changes in forage conditions a semi‐arid region. The sites included four meadow steppes and six typical Xilingol steppe central Inner Mongolia, China. live biomass, dead standing total crude protein (CP) concentration CP were estimated from early April late October using Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) values Terra (500 m pixels). Applying regression models, EVI...

Abstract The effects of NH4 + and NO3 - as nitrogen sources on the growth two subspecies rice, Oriza saliva subsp. Indica Japonica, during first 6 weeks were studied by water culture method. results obtained indicated that Japonica rice plants respond differently to -. Although both grew fairly well in solutions containing forms nitrogen, former was superior than ++NO3 or solutions, especially at relatively low concentrations, whereas latter inferior -solutions. In addition, fed with showed...

Abstract The phytotoxicity of arsenic to paddy rice was examined by the pot culture method using Utsunomiya grey lowland soil which had received nutrient salts including ammonium sulfate with or without additional straw powder as a reducing agent. By treatment 50 ppm and straw, plant growth retarded from beginning culture, about 6 weeks later, at middle July, small reddish black spots emerged near tips expanded green leaves. then increased spread over whole leaves resulting in bronzing final...

The short-lived perennial (sometimes annual) plant, Senecio madagascariensis Poir. (fireweed) is native to South Africa and Madagascar. This plant an invasive weed becoming naturalized over a wide range of the world, has caused agricultural damage mainly due its toxicity livestock. In Japan, fireweed was first found in 1976, been spreading throughout country. this study, current distribution Japan investigated. Using maximum entropy ecological niche modeling algorithm, relationship between...

Abstract Toxic effects of arsenite and arsenate on the elongation rice radicle or plumule were compared under various levels phosphate application. The toxicity was almost independent added lethal concentration found to tend be 10-4.0, M, whereas that antagonistically reduced by appIied in range from a little lower than 10-4.5 10-2.5 M without supply other nutrients 10-2.0 with it, though at 10-5.5 growth response similar antagonism seemed no longer brought about. application soluble phytate...

Abstract To evaluate the carbon (C) sequestration function of grassland soils in Japan, soil C stocks were measured 24 grasslands (3–43‐year‐old pastures) across 14 livestock farms nationwide. Soil varied among types, and values upper 25 50 cm higher Andosols (mean, 12.4 19.3 kg m −2 , respectively) than Brown Forest (7.5 13.7 ) other types (5.5 7.5 ). At same time, pastures within each type. Compared to data from published work on content shortly after pasture establishment, aged had...

Abstract We propose the following method for estimating above‐ground plant biomass (biomass, hereafter) in grassland as a variant of Shiyomi's (1991 ) second and test its accuracy estimation. The proceeds thus: (i) place given number quadrats interest; (ii) an electronic capacitance probe is used to provide corrected meter reading (CMR) values within each quadrat; (iii) two sampling points with C 1 g 2 based on CMR are selected allow subdivision into three approximately equal frequency...

Abstract Beef production contributes to environmental problems, such as climate change, air pollution and water pollution. Our objective was determine how much the introduction of beef cow grazing on abandoned lands into a housing system (housed in barns throughout year) alters impacts. We used life cycle assessment evaluate impacts cow‐calf systems with without cultivated lands, 11 Japanese farms. The functional unit one marketed calf (Japanese Black) at 8 months age. A reduction global...

Abstract Quantification and prediction of diet selection by animals grazing on forage with mixed‐species composition is challenging. The objective this study was to establish a method predict the nutritive value selected in cattle multi‐species plant communities. nutrient concentrations offer were evaluated, relationship between these utilization rate analyzed. Short‐term experiments performed abandoned cultivated land, without seeding or fertilizer. Before after each session, harvested...

Abstract As the rice plant is usually cultured, in practice, on a waterlogged field associated with heavy irrigation, it could be supposed that may supplied sufficient amount of microelements and rarely suffers from lack them.