This paper examines gender biases in school textbooks after a decade long effort by the ministry of education (MoE) Pakistan and international organisation (IOs) to eliminate all forms inequality education. The intention underpinning these initiatives was nurture view equality based consciousness through introduction more positive gendered images into Pakistan. However, study discussed this discovered that schools are still embedded with gender-biased messages stereotypical representations...

Hashish remains the most widely used drug globally, with an estimated 228 million users, influenced by various social contexts. The socio-cultural environment in which individuals live plays a significant role shaping hashish’s use behavior. This study examines influence of on hashish behavior, focusing how different contexts contribute to patterns among youth. Under interpretive research paradigm, adopted qualitative approach. A snowball sampling technique was select participants for study....

<title>Abstract</title> This article examined the lived experiences of women academicians’ research productivity in higher education Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK). We aimed to know about academicians their while working coeducation universities. employed qualitative design same fashion as used by feminists for analysis across world. designed an interview guide using purposive sampling technique. collected data from 32 four public sector universities AJK. analyzed through thematic analysis....

The current research examined the effects of teachers and classrooms environment on girls’ learning skills in high schools. main objective study was to analyze classroom as a key academic site which nature interaction between students among peers have strong impact students’ skills. covers 271 girl from four schools (two government two private schools) district Gujrat, Pakistan. A proportionate random sampling technique employed draw sample population. quantitative cross-sectional survey...

Purpose This paper attempts to explore possible contributing factors of females' outperformance and males' underperformance in the higher education Pakistan from teachers' perspective. The central question study is what are key that affect female male students' educational performance at university level? Using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as a framework, we attempted predict differentials perceived “female outperformance” “male underperformance” education. We carried out by employing...

More than 200 countries across the globe, including Pakistan, have closed educational institutions (schools, colleges, universities and madrassas) to contain spread of coronavirus (COVID-19 pandemic). These closures disrupted learning more 1.7 billion learners (representing 91 per cent total enrolled students) world. It attempts critically examine how schools' in Pakistan perpetuate reproduce inequalities education. We attempted explore explain education during COVID-19 pandemic lockdown...

The fundamental presupposition of this paper is that ‘gender’ a social category, hence construction, which can be negotiated and left fluid instead something fixed eternal. To examine the gendered order, study focuses on how hegemonic masculinity feminine subordination are naturalized by positioning men as physically strong women weak ground biological differences between sexes. informed constructionist understandings gender. main focus to highlight discourses in Pakistan inform textbooks...

The issue of grade inflation has been studied in many countries across the globe, yet it remains under-researched Pakistan. This study aims to understand Pakistani universities by examining contributing factors and its consequences. data for this was collected through in-depth interviews 20 professors from four (two public two private sector) federal capital Islamabad, reveals that major cause selected competition between recruit students without giving due consideration merit. Additionally,...

The key objective of this study was to examine the representations men and women in print media Pakistan. Gender role stereotyping sexism is not a low-profile gender issue as printed communication contents still hold an important place contemporary digital world. Keeping view importance newspapers leading source credible content/messages, paper examined Pakistan attempted highlight whether reproduces or challenges stereotypes sexism? complexity media, content discourse analyses were...

This article attempted to evaluate digital research support services in the context of higher education institutions Pakistan during COVID-19. Researchers opted quantitative study design conduct an online survey. A well-structured questionnaire was sent 6200 university students through email address. total 3122 participated study. The findings showed that (access e-books, e-journals, and audio/video materials) were provided off-campus learners libraries by connecting different databases....

This paper examines a neglected aspect of gender equality debate – how knowledge about and sports is organized in school textbooks Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). It the contradictions that exist between government rhetoric eliminating biases from prevalence same current textbooks. Our aim not to simply point out stereotypes but also explore whether what extent encourage females' participation physical activities. The key focus then highlight possible influence textbooks' messages on construction...

This article outlines the biological essentialists’ versus feminists’ explanations of girls’ underperformance in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Historically, except contexts some developed countries, boys dominated girls STEM subjects. Biological essentialists associate with innate differences between men women, whereas feminists attribute it to social factors. The issue, however, is not so easily solved there an ongoing debate feminists. article, thus, engages a...

In this paper, we highlight and present a nuanced picture of girls’ outperformance boys’ underperformance in education the urban centres Pakistan. This is very interesting remarkable gender reverse trend performance dominated socio-cultural context The paper takes into account annual results two examination boards: a) Board Intermediate Secondary Education (BISE) Peshawar b) Faisalabad, Employing content analysis techniques, have examined young educational secondary school certificate (SSC)...

In Pakistan there are unique socio-cultural factors that contribute to women’s experiences of pregnancy and childbirth. This study explores Pakistani childbirth an area remains under researched in the country. Qualitative research was employed for data collection by using un-structured interview guide. The informants included twelve women who had recently been through process first second time. collected reveals were unaware use multi vitamins during pregnancy. They delayed physical...

This article is an attempt to explore possible causes of boys’ underperformance in the Secondary School Certificate (SSC) and Higher (HSSC) Annual examinations Board Intermediate Education (BISE) Peshawar, KP, Pakistan. T he a im o f t s tudy i e xplore ssue b oys’ from perspectives school college teachers. Thus, data for study come qualitative interviews with 30 teachers (15 male 15 female). We employed purposive sampling technique including The findings recommend that evidence-based...

Our gendering experiences begin with our birth.The formal educational process begins the moment we enter school and continue throughout journey.Sitting in same classroom, reading books, listening to teachers at time, boys girls have different experiences.Giving close attention temporal, physical/embodied discursive dimensions of classroom life relations Pakistan, I highlight extent which university functions as gendered space masculinity femininity are exhibited by young men women...

Gender representation in textbooks has been a subject of academic research and debate the world over. Nevertheless, developing general Azad Jammu Kashmir particular, gender textbooks, especially Mathematics not received due attention. This study examined used primary schools Kashmir. The main focus was to examine whether or reproduce challenge stereotypical men’s women’s activities social roles. Following procedure content analysis school material, adopted by feminists second-wave, both...