Despite many studies suggesting that poor physical fitness is an independent risk factor for death from cardiovascular causes, the matter has remained controversial. We studied this question in a 16-year follow-up investigation of Norwegian men began 1972.Our study included 1960 healthy 40 to 59 years age (84 percent those invited participate). Conventional coronary factors and were assessed at base line, with measured as total work performed on bicycle ergometer during symptom-limited...

To determine the association between female genital Schistosoma haematobium infection and HIV.A cross-sectional study with a 1-year follow-up. Gynecological laboratory investigations were performed for S. HIV. Sexually transmitted infections, demographic urogenital history analysed as confounders. The participants 527 sexually active, non-pregnant, non-menopausal women ages of 20 49 years. setting was rural Zimbabwean community where related lesions found in 46% women, HIV 29% herpes simplex...

In a study of retinopathy during one year tight blood glucose control 45 type I (insulin dependent) diabetics without proliferative were randomised to receive either continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, multiple injections, or conventional treatment (controls). Near normoglycaemia was achieved with infusion and injections but not treatment. Blind evaluation fluorescein angiograms performed three monthly showed progression in the group, transient deterioration no change injection group....

Reduced lung function in early infancy has been associated with later obstructive airway diseases. We assessed whether reduced shortly after birth predicts asthma 10 years later.We conducted a prospective cohort study of healthy infants which we measured the use tidal breathing flow-volume loops (the fraction expiratory time to peak flow total [t(PTEF)/t(E)]) 802 and passive respiratory mechanics, including respiratory-system compliance, 664 infants. At age, 616 children (77%) were...

Forty five insulin dependent diabetics were randomised to treatment with continuous subcutaneous infusion (CSII), multiple injections (five or six daily), conventional twice daily injections. Near normoglycaemia was obtained CSII and but not (p less than 0.01). Hypoglycaemic coma observed frequently 0.001), blood glucose concentrations below 2.5 mmol/l (45 mg/100 ml) more common. After two years fewer retinal microaneurysms haemorrhages had developed in the patients given compared those...

Tooth‐coloured restorative materials are being used increasingly more often in Class II preparations permanent teeth. Using a practice‐based study design, we aimed to assess the survival time of restorations and identify factors relevant their longevity. ( n = 4,030), consisting resin composites (81.5%), compomers (12.7%), amalgams (4.6%), glass‐ionomer cement (1.2%), were placed 1,873 patients with median age 15 yr. In total, 92.7% due primary caries 5.8% replacements. After an average...

Abstract Background and Purpose Exercise interventions are effective at preventing falls in community‐dwelling older adults, especially before disability is present. Gait speed below 1.0 m/s a strong predictor for the elderly. However, evidence sparse gait alone being sufficient to identify individuals high risk of falling. This study aimed describe prevalence fall factors among adults their late 70s investigate associations between these low this population. Methods cross‐sectional cohort...

case the associated septicaemia resulted in death.

Studies of antiretroviral therapy (ART) programs in Africa have shown high initial mortality. Factors contributing to this mortality are poorly described. The aim the present study was assess and identify predictors HIV-infected patients starting ART a rural hospital Tanzania.This cohort 320 treatment-naïve adults who started between October 2003 November 2006. Reliable CD4 cell counts were not available, thus initiation based on clinical criteria accordance with WHO Tanzanian guidelines....

<h3>Background</h3> Drug therapy is associated with adverse effects, and fatal drug events (ADEs) have become major hospital problems. Our study assesses the incidence of ADEs in a medical department identifies possible patient characteristics signifying ADE risk. <h3>Methods</h3> During 2-year period, multidisciplinary group examined all 732 patients who died—5.2% 13 992 admitted to Department Internal Medicine, Central Hospital Akershus, Nordbyhagen, Norway. Decisions about presence or...

Abstract The Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney (WMW) test is often used to compare the means or medians of two independent, possibly nonnormal distributions. For this problem, true significance level large sample approximate version WMW known be sensitive differences in shapes Based on a wide ranging simulation study, our paper shows that problem lack robustness more serious than thought case. In particular, small variances and moderate degrees skewness can produce deviations from nominal type I error...

Because of the available conflicting epidemiological data, we investigated possible impact fasting blood glucose as a risk factor for cardiovascular death in nondiabetic men. This study reports results from 22-year prospective on predictor death.Of 1,998 apparently healthy men (aged 40-59 years), total 1,973 with < 110 mg/dl were included which also number conventional factors measured at baseline.After 22 years follow-up, 483 had died, 53% diseases. After dividing into quartiles level, it...

Abstract The prevalence of and predictive factors for emotional morbidity (measured by the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HAD)) one year following surgery, with special focus on dispositional optimism/pessimism Life Orientation Test (LOT‐R), was examined in 165 women, newly diagnosed breast cancer. Patients characteristics, appraisal cancer diagnosis, beliefs about treatment efficacy, decision‐making participation, coping assessed self‐rating questionnaires. Prevalence anxiety depression...

The outcome of 1999 apparently healthy men aged 40 to 59 years investigated from 1972 through 1975 was ascertained after 16 determine whether systolic blood pressure measured with subjects in the sitting position during a bicycle ergometer exercise test adds prognostic information on cardiovascular mortality beyond that casual 5 minutes supine rest. During total follow-up 31,984 patient years, 278 patients died, 150 causes. Casual and pulse as well peak 6 starting workload 600 kpm/min...

Abstract Apparently healthy men (n=1999, 40 to 59 years old) were investigated from 1972 through 1975 determine whether systolic blood pressure during bicycle ergometer exercise predicts morbidity and mortality myocardial infarction beyond that of casual taken after 5 minutes supine rest. During a follow-up 31 984 patient-years (average, 16 years), 235 subjects had infarctions, which 143 nonfatal 92 fatal. Exercise was more strongly related than both infarction. Among 520 with ≥140 mm Hg,...

To assess the degree of familial clustering and mode inheritance polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCO), prevalence PCO-related symptoms among first- second-degree relatives 132 PCO patients 71 controls was studied using questionnaire data. 19.7% male first-degree were reported to have early baldness or excessive hairiness, as opposed 6.5% controls. For female relatives, percentages for 31.4 3.2, respectively, in two groups. In a subgroup 52 families where one parents symptoms, 35% brothers 58%...