A5057648753- Carbon Dioxide Capture Technologies
- Chemical Looping and Thermochemical Processes
- Thermodynamic and Exergetic Analyses of Power and Cooling Systems
- Catalysts for Methane Reforming
- Hybrid Renewable Energy Systems
- Industrial Gas Emission Control
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
- Ammonia Synthesis and Nitrogen Reduction
- Solar Thermal and Photovoltaic Systems
- Oil, Gas, and Environmental Issues
- Hydrogen Storage and Materials
- Integrated Energy Systems Optimization
- Adsorption and Cooling Systems
- Radioactive element chemistry and processing
- Thermochemical Biomass Conversion Processes
- Catalysis and Oxidation Reactions
- Higher Education Teaching and Evaluation
- CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
- Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technologies
- Experimental Learning in Engineering
- Nuclear Materials and Properties
- Advanced Thermodynamic Systems and Engines
- Engineering Education and Curriculum Development
- Thermal and Kinetic Analysis
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
2019-2024
Ammonia is an industrial chemical and the basic building block for fertilizer industry. Lately, attention has shifted towards using ammonia as a carbon-free energy vector, due to ease of transportation storage in liquid state at −33 °C atmospheric pressure. This study evaluates prospects blue green future carriers; specifically, gas switching reforming (GSR) concept H2 N2 co-production from natural with inherent CO2 capture (blue), generation through optimized value chain wind solar power,...
Rising climate change ambitions require large-scale clean hydrogen production in the near term. “Blue” from conventional steam methane reforming (SMR) with pre-combustion CO2 capture can fulfil this role. This study therefore presents techno-economic assessments of a range SMR process configurations to minimize costs. Results showed that avoid up 80% emissions cheaply at 35 €/ton, but final 20% is much more expensive marginal avoidance cost around 150 €/ton. Thus, post-combustion should be...
Growing climate change concerns are driving interest in alternative energy carriers to fossil fuels. Methanol (MeOH) is a promising candidate alleviate the challenges faced by hydrogen regarding transportation and storage, with developed pre-existing infrastructure well-known scalable synthesis process. This study presents techno-economic assessment of different avenues for producing MeOH from 1) natural gas 2) renewable direct air capture (DAC), effective CO2 removal atmosphere. Under...
While the effects of ongoing cost reductions in renewables, batteries, and electrolyzers on future energy systems have been extensively investigated, significant advances CO2 capture storage (CCS) technologies received much less attention. This research gap is addressed via a long-term (2050) system model loosely based Germany, yielding four main findings. First, CCS-enabled pathways offer greatest benefits hydrogen sector, where prices can be reduced by two-thirds relative to scenario...
The hydrogen economy is receiving increasing attention as a complement to electrification in the global energy transition. Clean production often viewed competition between natural gas reforming with CO2 capture and electrolysis using renewable electricity. However, solid fuel gasification presents another viable alternative, especially when considering potential of biomass achieve negative emissions. This study investigates techno-economic from large-scale coal/biomass co-gasification...
This study investigates a potential solution to the global challenge of secure, affordable, and low-carbon energy supply: ammonia production from local coal biomass resources with CO2 capture for negative emissions. Two innovative configurations; an E-gas gasifier membrane-assisted water-gas shift air-blown MHI design, are compared oxygen-blown GE benchmark. Under baseline cost assumptions 2.5 €/GJ coal, 6.1 biomass, tax 100 €/ton, configuration reached levelized (LCOA) 391.5 while concepts...
Variable renewable energy (VRE) has seen rapid growth in recent years. However, VRE deployment requires a fleet of dispatchable power plants to supply electricity during periods with limited wind and sunlight. These will operate at reduced utilization rates that pose serious economic challenges. To address this challenge, paper presents the techno-economic assessment flexible hydrogen production from integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC) employing gas switching combustion (GSC)...
Turquoise hydrogen from natural gas pyrolysis has recently emerged as a promising alternative for low-carbon production with high-value pure carbon by-product. However, the implications of this technology on broader energy system are not well understood at present. To close literature gap, study presents an assessment integration into simplified European system. The model minimizes cost by optimizing investment and hourly dispatch broad range electricity fuel production, transmission,...
Energy penalty is the primary challenge facing CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technology. One possible solution to this gas switching combustion (GSC): a promising technology for gaseous fuel with integrated at almost no direct energy penalty. However, previous work showed that GSC into an IGCC power plant still imposed of 5.7%-points relative unabated plant. This originates mainly from maximum temperature limitation reactors inefficient production CO2-rich stream. Addressing these challenges...
Effective decarbonization of the power generation sector requires a multi-pronged approach, including implementation CO2 capture and storage (CCS) technologies. The Graz cycle features oxy-combustion in production scheme which can result higher thermal efficiencies than that combined cycle. However, auxiliary consumption required by air separation unit to provide pure O2 results significant energy penalty relative an unabated plant. In order mitigate this penalty, present study explores...
Energy efficiency and carbon capture storage (CCS) are two key levers to attain global warming targets. Integration of various industrial energy processes as well complementary use fuels with low intensity such natural gas renewable sources will enable mitigate environmental impacts in a cost competitive manner. This study proposes one opportunity through integration LNG cold exergy utilization for liquid N2 during regasification coupled novel NH3-electricity co-production scheme CCS. A...
Cost-effective CO2 capture and storage (CCS) is critical for the rapid global decarbonization effort recommended by climate science. The increase in levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) plants with CCS primarily associated to large energy penalty involved capture. This study therefore evaluates three high-efficiency concepts based on integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC): (1) gas switching combustion (GSC), (2) GSC added natural firing (GSC-AF) turbine inlet temperature, (3) oxygen...
Thermal power plants face substantial challenges to remain competitive in energy systems with high shares of variable renewables, especially inflexible integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC). This study addresses this challenge through the integration Gas Switching Combustion (GSC) and Membrane Assisted Water Shift (MAWGS) reactors an IGCC plant for flexible electricity and/or H2 production inherent CO2 capture. When prices are high, from MAWGS reactor is used added firing after GSC...
Fuels supplied 76% of global final energy consumption in 2021. Although ongoing electrification efforts can significantly reduce this dominant share, fuels will continue to play a leading role the system. Hydrogen is most studied candidate for decarbonizing fuels, but storage and distribution challenges render it impractical uneconomical many applications. Hence, present study focuses on ammonia methanol that preserve practical benefits traditional petroleum fuels. Four low-carbon fuel...
Partial decarbonization of natural gas has the potential to kickstart hydrogen economy. Up 20% volume can be safely accommodated in existing networks, removing problem insufficient distribution and end-use infrastructure for pure hydrogen. The present work investigates a technological pathway producing such partially decarbonized (PDG) at zero or negative cost: molten salt pyrolysis. When PDG with H2 instead hydrogen, demands on pyrolysis process become considerably lighter: reactor operated...
The ongoing transition to energy systems with high shares of variable renewables motivates the development novel thermal power cycles that operate economically at low capacity factors accommodate wind and solar intermittency. This study presents two recuperated capital costs for this market segment: (1) near-isothermal hydrogen turbine (NIHT) concept, capable achieving combined cycle efficiencies without a bottoming through fuel combustion in expansion path, (2) intercooled water-injected...
Integrated gasification combined cycles (IGCC) are promising power production systems from solid fuels due to their high efficiency and good environmental performance. Chemical looping combustion (CLC) is an effective route reduce the energy penalty associated with CO2 capture. This concept comprises a metal oxygen carrier circulated between reduction reactor, where syngas combusted, oxidation O2 withdrawn air stream. Parallel CLC, carriers that capable of releasing free in i.e., chemical...
Gas switching technology (GST) was introduced to facilitate operation and scale-up of pressurized chemical looping-based technologies thus bringing the expected benefits reducing costs energy penalty CO2 capture. GST has so far been applied generate heat/power, hydrogen, syngas, oxygen using fossil fuel gas (but also from biomass for negative emissions) with integrated capture at minimal generating over 50 publication studies demonstrating technical feasibility quantifying potential cost...
Rising shares of variable wind and solar generation in decarbonized electricity systems motivate the development novel power cycles employing unconventional fuels. Innovative designs must be highly flexible profitable at low capacity factors, requiring a simple process layout capital costs. Fuel supply infrastructure represents significant additional cost, which is often ignored economic assessments gas-fired plants. When these costs are included, liquid fuels such as NH3 or MeOH gain...
This work presents a novel plant configuration for power production from solid fuels with integrated CO2 capture. Specifically, the Gas Switching Combustion (GSC) system is Humid Air Turbine (HAT) cycle and slurry fed entrained flow (GE-Texaco) gasifier or dry (Shell) partial water quench. The primary novelty of proposed GSC-HAT that reduction oxidation reactor stages GSC operation can be decoupled allowing flexible operation, oxygen carrier serving as chemical thermal energy storage medium....