A5041250055- Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics
- Traffic and Road Safety
- Urban Transport and Accessibility
- Transportation Planning and Optimization
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Distributed Control Multi-Agent Systems
- Traffic control and management
- Opinion Dynamics and Social Influence
- Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models
- Urban Design and Spatial Analysis
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Data Visualization and Analytics
- Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis
- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Diffusion and Search Dynamics
- Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications
- Safety Warnings and Signage
University of Bristol
2015-2024
State Street (United States)
2018
University of Essex
2013-2016
Princeton University
2012-2013
University of York
2010-2012
University of Cambridge
2007
Nature is rich with many different examples of the cohesive motion animals. Previous attempts to model collective have primarily focused on group behaviours identical individuals. In contrast, we put our emphasis modelling contributions individual-level characteristics within such groups by using stochastic asynchronous updating individual positions and orientations. Our predicts that higher frequency, which relate perceived threat, leads more synchronized movement, speed nearest-neighbour...
The mechanism of self-organization resulting in coordinated collective motion has received wide attention from a range scientists interested both its technical and biological relevance. Models have been highly influential highlighting how can be produced purely local interactions between individuals. Typical models this field are termed ‘metric’ because each individual only reacts to conspecifics within fixed distance. A recent large-scale study has, however, provided evidence that ruling...
The evacuation of crowds from buildings or vehicles is one example that highlights the importance understanding how individual-level interactions and decision-making combine lead to overall behaviour crowds. In particular, make evacuations safer, we need understand individuals movement decisions in Here, present an experiment with over 500 participants testing individual interactive virtual environment. Participants had choose between different exit routes under influence three types...
Crowd evacuations are paradigmatic examples for collective behaviour, as interactions between individuals lead to the overall movement dynamics. Approaches assuming that all interact in same way have significantly improved our understanding of pedestrian crowd evacuations. However, this scenario is unlikely, many pedestrians move social groups based on friendship or kinship. We test how presence affects egress time and crowds a representative evacuation experiment. Our results suggest...
Background . The three terms “panic”, “irrationality”, and “herding” are ubiquitous in the crowd dynamics literature have a strong influence on both modelling management practices. also commonly shared between scientific nonscientific domains. pervasiveness of use these is to point where their underlying assumptions often been treated as common knowledge by experts lay persons. Yet, at same time, presents ample debate, contradiction, inconsistency topics. Method This review first...
In moving pedestrian crowds, the distribution of individuals over different available routes emerges from decisions that may be influenced by actions others. Understanding this phenomenon not only is important for research into collective behaviour, but also has practical applications building safety and event management. Here, we study mechanisms underlying route choice, focusing on how time-independent information, such as path lengths, time-dependent queue affect both initial subsequent...
We conducted a computer-based experiment with over 450 human participants and used Bayesian model selection approach to explore dynamic exit route choice mechanisms of individuals in simulated crowd evacuations. In contrast previous work, we explicitly the use time-dependent time-independent information decision-making. Our findings suggest that tended base their choices on information, such as differences queue lengths speeds at exits rather than widths or length. found weak support for...
This article presents a glossary of terms that are frequently used in research on human crowds. topic is inherently multidisciplinary as it includes work and across computer science, engineering, mathematics, physics, psychology social for example. We do not view the presented here collection finalised formal definitions. Instead, we suggest snapshot current views starting point an ongoing process hope will be useful providing some guidance use terminology to develop mutual understanding...
Crossing roads is dangerous for pedestrians. Roads can be crossed at controlled locations, where traffic lights or zebra crossings regulate the behaviour of all participants, unmarked pedestrians typically do not have priority. Technological advances mean observational data on pedestrian road crossing from public now recorded almost continuously. Here, we report such a collection campaign in Bristol, UK. We record movement paths participants within field view commercial camera-based sensors...
Many animals, such as migrating shoals of fish, navigate in groups. Knowing the mechanisms involved animal navigation is important when it comes to explaining accuracy, dispersal patterns, population and evolutionary dynamics, consequently, design conservation strategies. When navigating toward a common target, animals could interact socially by sharing available information directly or indirectly, each individual itself aggregations may not disperse because all are moving same target. Here...
Abstract Altruistic behaviour is widespread and highly developed in humans can also be found some animal species. It has been suggested that altruistic tendencies depend on costs, benefits context. Here, we investigate the changes occurrence of helping a computer-based experiment simulates an evacuation from building exploring effect varying cost to help. Our findings illuminate number key mechanistic aspects human decision-making about whether help or not. In novel situation where it...
The movement of pedestrian crowds is a paradigmatic example collective motion. precise nature individual-level behaviours underlying crowd movements has been subject to lively debate. Here, we propose that pedestrians follow simple heuristics rooted in cognitive psychology, such as 'stop if another step would lead collision' or 'follow the person front'. In other words, our paradigm explicitly models behaviour series discrete decisions. We show produce realistic emergent phenomena, lane...
Understanding evacuations of high-occupancy buildings presents a major challenge in fire safety science. The total time individuals require to exit building includes the it takes them respond an alarm and decide evacuate (pre-movement) walk along their chosen route (movement). Previous work has shown that variation pre-movement times is responsible for substantial evacuation delays, but few controlled experiments on this have been conducted. Here, we present virtual experiment investigates...