Excess fat poses a host of local and systemic problems. Various energy sources, for example, laser, ultrasound, radiofrequency electric current have been studied as potential non-invasive treatments aimed at destruction subcutaneous fat. Cryosurgery very low temperatures is routinely used non-specific tissue destruction, however the tissue-specific cold injury has not investigated. This study describes cold-induced selective fat.Black Yucatan pigs under general anesthesia were exposed within...

Abstract Background and Objectives Ablative fractional resurfacing (AFR) creates vertical channels that might assist the delivery of topically applied drugs into skin. The purpose this study was to evaluate drug by CO 2 laser AFR using methyl 5‐aminolevulinate (MAL), a porphyrin precursor, as test drug. Materials Methods Two Yorkshire swine were treated with single‐hole subsequent topical application MAL (Metvix®, Photocure ASA, Oslo, Norway), placebo cream no MAL‐induced fluorescence...

<h3>Objective</h3> To assess the permanence of hair removal by normal-mode ruby laser treatment. <h3>Methods</h3> Hair was measured for 2 years after a single treatment with pulses (694 nm, 270 microseconds, 6-mm beam diameter). <h3>Observations</h3> Six test areas on thighs or backs 13 volunteers were exposed to at fluences 30 60 J/cm²delivered both shaved and wax-epilated skin. In addition, there control site. Terminal hairs manually counted before exposure. Transient alopecia...

Background and Objectives In theory, infrared vibrational bands could be used for selective photothermolysis of lipid-rich tissues such as fat, sebaceous glands, or atherosclerotic plaques. Study Design/Materials Methods Absorption spectra human fat were measured, identifying promising near 1,210 1,720 nm. Photothermal excitation porcine dermis measured with a 3.5–5 µm thermal camera during exposure to the free electron laser (FEL) at Jefferson National Laboratory. Thermal damage...

Abstract Background and Objectives Photodynamic therapy (PDT) of thick skin lesions is limited by topical drug uptake. Ablative fractional resurfacing (AFR) creates vertical channels that may facilitate PDT penetration improve PDT‐response in deep layers. The purpose this study was to evaluate whether pre‐treating the with AFR before topically applied methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) could enable a PDT‐response. Materials Methods Yorkshire swine were treated under general anesthesia CO 2 laser...

Abstract Background Optimal selective photothermolysis of a pigment particle requires pulse durations equal to or less than the particle's thermal relaxation time ( t ½ ). Since tattoo particles in skin range diameter from 40 300 nm, picosecond pulses would approximate more closely and, therefore, might be effective at fragmentation. Materials and Methods India Ink (carbon) iron oxide tattoos were placed on back Yorkshire pig. Six weeks later, each was treated with either 758 nm 500 laser...

Abstract Background and Objectives Pretreatment of skin with ablative fractional lasers (AFXL) enhances the uptake topical photosensitizers used in photodynamic therapy (PDT). Distribution photosensitizer into layers may depend on depth laser channels incubation time. This study evaluates whether intradermal time affect AFXL‐assisted delivery methyl aminolevulinate (MAL). Materials Methods Yorkshire swine were treated CO 2 AFXL at energy levels 37, 190, 380 mJ/laser channel subsequent...

Background and Objectives 5‐Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) methyl aminolevulinate (MAL) are porphyrin precursors used topically for photodynamic therapy (PDT). Previous studies have established that ablative fractional laser (AFXL) increases topical drug uptake. We evaluated kinetics biodistribution of ALA‐ MAL‐induced porphyrins on intact disrupted skin due to AFXL. Materials Methods Two Yorkshire swine were exposed CO 2 AFXL (10.6 µm, 1,850 µm ablation depth) subsequent application ALA MAL...

Treatment of recurrent respiratory papillomatosis the glottis is often challenging. The surgeon and patient must cooperatively balance decisions regarding airway safety, effects multiple general anesthesias, employment disturbance, vocal dysfunction. A pilot study was done in 41 adult cases (23 patients; 78 folds) without complication to evaluate effectiveness a 585-nm pulsed dye laser (PDL; 450-micros pulse width; fluence 38 255 J/cm2; 1- 2-mm spot size) treatment this disorder....

Management of glottal dysplasia can be difficult and often results in a suboptimal treatment outcome. The surgeon patient must cooperatively balance decisions regarding the effects possible malignancy, vocal dysfunction, recurrences leading to multiple use general anesthetics. A pilot study was done 57 cases (36 patients 97 folds) without complication evaluate effectiveness 585-nm pulsed dye laser (PDL; 450-micros pulse width, 19 76-J/cm2 fluence, 1- 2-mm spot size) fold keratosis. Forty had...

Abstract The use of a laser to weld tissue in combination with topical photosensitizing dye permits selective delivery energy the target tissue. A indocyanine green (IG), absorption peak 780 nm, and near‐infrared (IR) alexandrite was studied albino guinea pig skin. IG shown bind outer 25 μm dermis appeared be bound collagen. optical transmittance full‐thickness skin near IR 40% indicating that should provide adequate penetration. Laser “welding” vivo achieved at various concentrations from...

This report explores the mechanism of spontaneous closure full-thickness skin wounds. The domestic pig, often used as a human analogue for wound repair studies, closes these wounds with kinetics similar to those in guinea pig (mobile skin), even though porcine dermis on back is thick and nearly immobile. In daily excisions central granulation tissue up but not including edges both flank do alter rate or completeness final pattern scar. A purse-string was precluded by showing that surgical...

Abstract Background and Objectives Photochemical tissue bonding (PTB) is a new non‐thermal technique for repair involving application of photochemically active dye irradiation with visible light. The objective was to compare PTB standard sutures the adhesive, octyl cyanoacrylate, closure skin incisions excisions. Study Design/Materials Methods Incisions excisions made on flanks Hanford mini‐pig were secured subcutaneous sutures. Superficial methods 3–0 monofilament sutures, (Rose Bengal...

The integrated irradiance (energy fluence rate) within tissue can exceed the incident due to backscattered and multiply reflected light near sample surface. This was studied quantitatively using pulsed photothermal radiometry, which measures blackbody radiation emitted by a during after absorption of an optical pulse. Aqueous gels containing absorbing dye with or without various scattering materials were fast sensitive IR detector system 1-μs tunable laser. For nonscattering samples,...

Abstract Background and Objectives The success of permanent laser hair removal suggests that selective photothermolysis (SP) sebaceous glands, another part follicles, may also have merit. About 30% sebum consists fats with copious CH 2 bond content. SP was studied in vitro , using free electron (FEL) pulses at an infrared vibrational absorption wavelength band. Methods Absorption spectra natural artificially prepared were measured from 200 to 3,000 nm, determine wavelengths potentially able...

Conventional autologous skin grafts are associated with significant donor-site morbidity. This study was conducted to determine feasibility, safety, and efficacy of a new strategy for grafting based on harvesting small columns full-thickness minimal morbidity.The swine model used this study. Hundreds tissue (~700 µm diameter) were harvested using custom-made device, then applied directly excisional wounds. Healing in donor graft sites evaluated over 3 months by digital photographic...

Potentially harmful chemicals are released when tissues vaporized. Laser hair removal (LHR) causes heating and often vaporization of hairs, producing both a signature malodorous plume visible particulates.To characterize the chemical composition quantify ultrafine particle content generated during LHR.In laser center large academic hospital, discarded terminal hairs from trunk extremities were collected 2 adult volunteers. The samples sealed in glass gas chromatography chambers treated with...