Position emission tomography measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were performed in normal volunteers during two auditory—verbal memory tasks: a subspan and supraspan task. The difference rCBF between tasks was used to identify brain areas/systems involved long-term memory. Increases observed the left right prefrontal cortex, precuneus retrosplenial area cingulate gyrus. Decreases centred superior temporal gyrus bilaterally. Separate comparisons also made each span task...

Regional cerebral blood flow was measured with H 2 15 O positron emission tomography in four patients obsessive–compulsive disorder. Patients were scanned on 12 occasions the same session, each scan paired brief exposure to one of a hierarchy contaminants that elicited increasingly intense urges ritualise. The relationship between symptom intensity and regional (rCBF; an index neural activity) subsequently examined group individual patients. showed significant positive correlations right...

Synopsis We have previously described focal abnormalities of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), anterior cingulate and angular gyrus 40 patients with major depression. now report on patterns change rCBF a subgroup 25 same who were rescanned following clinical remission Fifteen scanned when optimally matched for drug treatment (4) or free both occasions (11). The other 10 fully recovered but could not be status ethical reasons. In paired...

Neurophysiological deficits in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) have been described positron emission tomography studies of schizophrenia and depression. In depression this deficit has associated with syndromes psychomotor poverty retardation, respectively. Such findings lead to a prediction that DLPFC dysfunction is symptom rather than disease related. This was empirically tested retrospective study pooled data from 40 patients meeting research diagnostic criteria for 30...

Depression with cognitive impairment, so called depressive pseudodementia, is commonly mistaken for a neurodegenerative dementia. Using positron emission tomography (PET) derived measures of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) cohort 33 patients major depression was studied. Ten displayed significant and reversible impairment. The patterns rCBF these were compared equally depressed non-cognitively impaired patients. In the cognitively profile abnormalities identified consisting decreases in...

Background This study investigated biological correlates of depression in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). We tested the hypothesis that PD and depression, there was regional dysfunction involving brain areas previously implicated functional imaging studies primary depression. Method Using positron emission tomographic measurements cerebral blood flow (rCBF), patterns resting rCBF were measured ten patiens major alone. The results compared findings from normal controls,...

Synopsis The relationship between neuropsychological test performance and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was examined in 29 patients meeting Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) for major depression. Following a comprehensive assessment two subsets of tests, comprising tests that discriminated controls or with varying degrees global cognitive impairment, were selected. These subtests entered into principal components analysis (PCA) which generated two-factor solution, accounting 50% the...

Synopsis Cognitive dysfunction is an integral feature of depression, in some cases sufficient severity to warrant a diagnosis dementia. There has been little systematic investigation whether cognitive inevitable consequence or specific subgroup depressed patients. Related this the distribution dysfunction, there continuum impairment distinct demented subgroup. Finally, question which aspects function are most sensitive intellectual decline seen depression. A study described addresses these...

An automated, non-invasive system for monitoring of thermoregulation has the potential to mitigate swine diseases through earlier detection. Measurement radiated temperature groups animals by infrared thermography (IRT) is an essential component such a system. This study reports on feasibility as biomarker immune response using vaccination model febrile disease. In Study A, weaned pigs were either treated with intramuscular vaccine (FarrowSure Gold), sham injection 0.9% saline or left...

Low estrus detection rates (>50%) are associated to extended calving intervals, low economic profit and reduced longevity in Holstein dairy cows. The objective of this study was evaluate the accuracy infrared thermography behavioral biometrics combined as potential alerts naturally (not induced) cycling cows housed a tie-stall barn. Eighteen first lactation were subjected transrectal ultrasonography determine spontaneous ovulation. dominant follicle (DF) disappearance used retrospectively an...

The early assessment of animal stress, disease and metabolism is pivotal to being able manage the efficient production high-density food origin. inclusion precision farming sensors likely enhance production, wellbeing, reduce environmental foot print modern livestock production. Many tools are available for this purpose such as wearable accelerometers, visual image analysis, respiration chambers, biomarkers analysis. However, current scale agriculture dictates that need be non-invasive,...

Synopsis Apomorphine, a non-selective dopamine agonist, has been used as pharmacological probe for investigating central dopaminergic neurotransmission in psychiatric illness. In this study repeated measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) were made normal volunteers before, and after, the administration apomorphine (5 or 10 μg/kg), placebo. The difference rCBF, before after drug (apomorphine versus placebo), was to identify brain areas affected by apomorphine. Compared placebo,...

Psychopharmacological activation, in conjunction with positron emission tomographic measurements of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), was used to investigate the neurotransmitter basis a specific cognitive function man. Monoaminergic neurotransmission pharmacologically manipulated during performance auditory - verbal memory tasks. Statistical parametric mapping identify brain sites interaction between memory-induced increases rCBF and active drugs. Memory task-induced left prefrontal...

The neuromodulatory effect of manipulating monoaminergic receptor function was assessed by combining a psychological and pharmacological activation during repeated positron emission tomographic (PET) scans. effects buspirone (a 5-HT1A partial agonist) on changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) associated with free word recall were examined. A factorial design used to demonstrate significant interaction (changes rCBF brought about which depend drug administration) the left...

Felton, C. A., Colazo, M. G., Ponce-Barajas, P., Bench, J. and Ambrose, D. 2012. Dairy cows continuously-housed in tie-stalls failed to manifest activity changes during estrus. Can. Anim. Sci. 92: 189–196. While pedometers are effective for estrus detection free-stall herds, their efficacy is not established. The objectives were determine if equipped with a behavior tag monitoring lying (AfiMilk Pedometer Plus Tag system) can accurately record cow activity, they facilitate dairy continuously...