A5043257927- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Streptococcal Infections and Treatments
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Neonatal and Maternal Infections
- Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Antimicrobial Resistance in Staphylococcus
- Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Neonatal Respiratory Health Research
- Inhalation and Respiratory Drug Delivery
- Vibrio bacteria research studies
- Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Cystic Fibrosis Research Advances
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Pleural and Pulmonary Diseases
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
University of Liverpool
2015-2024
Grifols (United States)
2016
University of Leicester
2005-2014
Quadram Institute
2007
University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
2007
Norwich Research Park
2007
Harvard University
2007
University of Glasgow
2000-2003
Pneumolysin (PLY) is a key Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factor and potential candidate for inclusion in pneumococcal subunit vaccines. Dendritic cells (DC) play role the initiation instruction of adaptive immunity, but effects PLY on DC have not been widely investigated. Endotoxin-free enhanced costimulatory molecule expression did induce cytokine secretion. These functional significance as adoptive transfer exposed to antigen resulted stronger antigen-specific T cell proliferation...
Abstract Although neutrophils are the most abundant cells in acute infection and inflammation, relatively little attention has been paid to their role inflammasome formation IL-1β processing. In present study, we investigated mechanism by which process response Streptococcus pneumoniae. Using a murine model of S. pneumoniae corneal infection, demonstrated requirement for bacterial clearance, showed that Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like containing caspase...
Summary Two main patterns of gene expression Streptococcus pneumoniae were observed during infection in the host by quantitative real time RT‐PCR; one was characteristic bacteria blood and tissue, such as brain lung. Gene characterized increased pneumolysin, pspA hrcA , while pneumococci tissue showed neuraminidases, metalloproteinases, oxidative stress competence genes. In vitro situations with similar detected liquid culture a newly developed pneumococcal model biofilm respectively. The...
ABSTRACT Although there is substantial evidence that pneumolysin an important virulence factor in pneumococcal pneumonia, relatively little known about how it influences cellular infiltration into the lungs. We investigated inability of mutant pneumococci to produce altered pattern inflammation and The effect on bacterial growth lungs also was assessed. There were three phases wild-type bacteria lungs: a decline followed by rapid increase then stasis or decline. absence associated with more...
ABSTRACT We examined the role of neuraminidases NanA and NanB in colonization infection upper lower respiratory tract by Streptococcus pneumoniae , as well these onset development septicemia following both intranasal intravenous infection. demonstrated for first time using outbred MF1 mouse models that were essential successful tract, respectively, pneumococcal survival nonmucosal sites, such blood. Our studies have shown vivo a neuraminidase A mutant is cleared from nasopharynx, trachea,...
The immunological and protective role of pneumococcal carriage in healthy adults is not known, but high rates disease death the elderly are associated with low prevalence.We employed an experimental human model to investigate immunizing effect a single episode.Seventy were challenged, those carriage, 10 rechallenged intranasally live 6B Streptococcus pneumoniae up 11 months after clearance first episode. Serum nasal wash antibody responses measured before each challenge.A total 29 subjects...
The complement system plays a key role in host defense against pneumococcal infection. Three different pathways, the classical, alternative and lectin mediate activation. While there is limited information available on roles of classical activation pathways fighting streptococcal infection, little known about pathway, mainly due to lack appropriate experimental models pathway deficiency. We have recently established mouse strain deficient effector enzyme mannan-binding associated serine...
The correlation between carbohydrate availability, pneumococcal biofilm formation, nasopharyngeal colonization, and invasion of the host has been investigated. Of a series sugars, only sialic acid (i.e., N-acetylneuraminic acid) enhanced formation in vitro, at concentrations similar to those free human saliva. In murine model carriage, intranasal inoculation significantly increased counts nasopharynx instigated translocation pneumococci lungs. Competition both acid-dependent phenotypes was...
The polysaccharide capsule of Streptococcus pneumoniae defines over ninety serotypes, which differ in their carriage prevalence and invasiveness for poorly understood reasons. Recently, an inverse correlation between oligosaccharide structure a given has been described. Our previous work suggested link serotype growth vitro. Here we investigate whether production interferes with vitro this predicts vivo. Eighty-one switch mutants were constructed representing nine different five low (4, 7F,...
E-cigarette vapour contains free radicals with the potential to induce oxidative stress. Since stress in airway cells increases platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) expression, and PAFR is co-opted by pneumococci adhere host cells, we hypothesised that pneumococcal adhesion cells.Nasal epithelial was assessed non-vaping controls, adults before after 5 min of vaping. We determined effect on stress-induced, PAFR-dependent vitro, colonisation mouse nasopharynx. Elemental analysis done...
Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important human pathogen responsible for a spectrum of diseases including pneumonia. Immunological and pro-inflammatory processes induced in the lung during pneumococcal infection are well documented, but little known about role played by immunoregulatory cells cytokines control such responses. We demonstrate considerable differences immunomodulatory cytokine transforming growth factor (TGF)-β between pneumonia resistant BALB/c susceptible CBA/Ca mouse strains....
Streptococcus pneumoniae accounts for more deaths worldwide than any other single pathogen through diverse disease manifestations including pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis. Life-threatening acute cardiac complications are common in pneumococcal infection compared to bacterial infections. Distinctively, these arise despite effective antibiotic therapy. Here, we describe a novel mechanism of myocardial injury, which is triggered sustained by circulating pneumolysin (PLY). Using mouse model...
Abstract Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major nosocomial pathogen that causes severe disease including sepsis. Carbapenem-resistant P. recognised by the World Health Organisation as priority 1 pathogen, with urgent need for new therapeutics. As such, there renewed interest in using bacteriophages therapeutic. However, dynamics of treating pan-resistant phage vivo are poorly understood. Using infection model, therapy displays strong therapeutic potential, clearing from blood, kidneys, and...
ABSTRACT Streptococcus pneumoniae was shown to contain two types of superoxide dismutase, MnSOD and FeSOD. Levels increased during growth in an aerobic environment. The sodA gene, encoding MnSOD, virulent S. type 2 strain D39 inactivated give mutant D39HY1. Aerobically, D39HY1 had a lower rate than the wild exhibited susceptibility redox-active compound paraquat, but anaerobic identical that type. Virulence studies showed median survival time mice infected intranasally with significantly...
ABSTRACT Previously, we had shown that T cells accumulated in peribronchiolar and perivascular areas of lungs soon after intranasal infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae . We have now presented new evidence, using major histocompatibility class II-deficient mice, CD4 are important for early protective immunity. In addition, also a population human migrates towards pneumococci vivo-passaged substantially more potent at inducing migration than vitro-grown bacteria. This migratory process is...
ABSTRACT In the Streptococcus pneumoniae genome, stkP , encoding a membrane-associated serine/threonine kinase, is not redundant (L. Novakova, S. Romao, J. Echenique, P. Branny, and M.-C. Trombe, unpublished results). The data presented here demonstrate that StkP belongs to signaling network involved in competence triggering vitro lung infection bloodstream invasion vivo. competence, functional required for activation of comCDE upstream autoregulated ring orchestrated by...