A5034966241- Laser-induced spectroscopy and plasma
- Laser-Plasma Interactions and Diagnostics
- Laser-Matter Interactions and Applications
- Experimental Learning in Engineering
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Laser Design and Applications
- Experimental and Theoretical Physics Studies
- Teaching and Learning Programming
- Nuclear Physics and Applications
- High-pressure geophysics and materials
- Educational Games and Gamification
- Plasma Diagnostics and Applications
- Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies
- Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae
- Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies
- Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
- Astronomy and Astrophysical Research
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Science Education and Pedagogy
- Solid State Laser Technologies
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
- Radiation Effects in Electronics
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
The Ohio State University
2015-2024
The Ohio State University at Marion
2015-2023
University of Chicago
2022
U.S. Air Force Institute of Technology
2021
United States Air Force Research Laboratory
2015-2021
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
2015-2021
Innovative Scientific Solutions (United States)
2014-2020
University of Mount Union
2018-2020
Marion Technical College
2018
Innovative Energy Solution (United States)
2015-2016
The first systematic study of opacity dependence on atomic number at stellar interior temperatures is used to evaluate discrepancies between measured and modeled iron [J. E. Bailey et al., Nature (London) 517, 56 (2015)NATUAS0028-083610.1038/nature14048]. High-temperature (>180 eV) chromium nickel opacities are with ±6%-10% uncertainty, using the same methods employed in previous experiments. 10%-20% experiment reproducibility demonstrates reliability. overall model-data disagreements...
Laser acceleration of ions to ≳MeV energies has been achieved on a variety Petawatt laser systems, raising the prospect ion beam applications using compact ultra-intense technology. However, translation from proof-of-concept experiment into real-world application requires MeV-scale and an appreciable repetition rate (>Hz). We demonstrate, for first time, proton up 2 MeV at kHz milli-joule-class short-pulse system. In these experiments, 5 mJ ultrashort-pulse energy is delivered intensity near...
High-intensity laser–plasma interactions produce a wide array of energetic particles and beams with promising applications. Unfortunately, the high repetition rate average power requirements for many applications are not satisfied by lasers, optics, targets, diagnostics currently employed. Here, we aim to address need high-repetition-rate targets optics through use liquids. A novel nozzle assembly is used generate high-velocity, laminar-flowing liquid microjets which compatible low-vacuum...
We present two-dimensional inviscid hydrodynamic simulations of a protoplanetary disk with an embedded planet, emphasizing the evolution potential vorticity (the ratio to density) and its dependence on numerical resolutions. By analyzing structure spiral shocks made by we show that progressive changes caused ultimately lead excitation secondary instability. also demonstrate very high resolution is required both follow identify location where instability first excited. Low-resolution results...
The paucity of observed dwarf galaxies in the Local Group relative to abundance predicted dark matter halos remains one greatest puzzles ΛCDM paradigm. Solving this puzzle now requires not only matching numbers objects but also understanding details their star formation histories. We present a summary such histories derived from HST data using color-magnitude diagram fitting method. To reduce observational uncertainties, we condense into five cumulative parameters: fractions stellar mass...
Computational thinking” (CT) is still a relatively new term in the lexicon of learning objectives and science standards. The was popularized an essay by Wing, who said, “To reading, writing arithmetic, we should add computational thinking to every child’s analytical ability.” Agreeing with this premise, 2013 authors Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) included “mathematical as one eight essential engineering practices that K-12 teachers strive develop their students. There not yet...
Ultra-intense laser-matter interaction experiments (>10$^{18}$ W/cm$^{2}$) with dense targets are highly sensitive to the effect of laser "noise" (in form pre-pulses) preceding main ultra-intense pulse. These system-dependent pre-pulses in nanosecond and/or picosecond regimes often intense enough modify target significantly by ionizing and forming a plasma layer front target. Time resolved interferometry offers robust way characterize expanding during this period. We have developed novel...
Abstract We present detailed characterization of laser-driven fusion and neutron production ( $\sim {10}^5$ /second) using 8 mJ, 40 fs laser pulses on a thin (<1 μm) D ${}_2$ O liquid sheet employing measurement suite. At relativistic intensity 5\times {10}^{18}$ W/cm ${}^2$ ) high repetition rate (1 kHz), the system produces deuterium–deuterium (D-D) fusion, allowing for consistent generation. Evidence D-D is verified by suite with three independent detection systems: an EJ-309 organic...
Experiments to generate neutrons from the 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction with 60 J, 180 fs laser pulses have been performed at Texas Petawatt Laser Facility University of Austin. The protons were accelerated rear surface a thin target membrane using target-normal-sheath-acceleration mechanism. generated in nuclear reactions caused by subsequent proton bombardment pure lithium foil natural isotopic abundance. neutron energy ranged up 2.9 MeV. total yield was estimated be 1.6 × 107 per steradian. An...
We report observation of kHz-pulsed-laser-accelerated electron energies up to 3 MeV in the -klaser (backward) direction from a mJ laser interacting at normal incidence with solid density, flowing-liquid target. The electrons/MeV/s.r. >1 recorded here using mJ-class exceeds or equals that prior super-ponderomotive studies employing lasers lower repetition-rates and oblique incidence. Focal intensity 40-fs-duration is 1.5 · 1018 W cm-2, corresponding only ∼80 keV ponderomotive energy. Varying...
Laser-accelerated electron beams have been created at a kHz repetition rate from the reflection of intense (∼1018 W/cm2), ∼40 fs laser pulses focused on continuous water-jet in an experiment Air Force Research Laboratory. This paper investigates Particle-in-Cell simulations laser-target interaction to identify physical mechanisms acceleration this experiment. We find that standing-wave pattern by overlap incident and reflected is particularly important because standing wave can “inject”...
We present an experimental study of the generation $\sim$MeV electrons opposite to direction laser propagation following relativistic interaction at normal incidence a $\sim$3 mJ, $10^{18}$ W/cm$^2$ short pulse with flowing 30 $\mu$m diameter water column target. Faraday cup measurements record hundreds pC charge accelerated energies exceeding 120 keV, and energy-resolved secondary x-ray emissions reveal spectrum peaking above 800 which is significantly higher energy than previous studies...
Recent years have seen a resurgence of interest in using Virtual Reality (VR) technology to benefit instruction, especially physics and related subjects. As VR devices improve become more widely available, there remains number unanswered questions regarding the impact on student learning how best use this classroom. On topic electrostatics, for example, large, controlled, randomized study performed by Smith et al. 2017\cite{smith17}, found that VR-based instruction had an overall negligible...
The potential for laser-produced plasmas to yield fundamental insights into high energy density physics (HEDP) and deliver other useful applications can sometimes be frustrated by uncertainties in modeling the properties behavior of these using radiation-hydrodynamics codes. In an effort overcome this corroborate accuracy HEDP capabilities publicly available FLASH code, we present detailed code-to-code comparisons between HYDRA code developed at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory...
Motivated by cosmological surveys that demand accurate theoretical modeling of the baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) feature in galaxy clustering, we analyze N-body simulations which a BAO-like Gaussian bump modulates linear theory correlation function ${\ensuremath{\xi}}_{L}(r)=({r}_{0}/r{)}^{n+3}$ an underlying self-similar model with initial power spectrum $P(k)=A{k}^{n}$. These test physical and analytic descriptions BAO evolution far beyond range most studies, since consider spectra...
Incorporating computer programming exercises into introductory physics is a delicate task that involves number of choices may have an effect on student learning. We present "hybrid" approach speaks to common concerns regarding cognitive load which arise when using in classes where many students are absolute beginner programmers. This provides the with highly interactive web-based visualization, not unlike PhET or Physlet interactive, but importantly shown only subset code initial conditions...
Super-intense laser plasma interaction has shown great promise as a platform for next generation particle accelerators and sources electron, x-rays, ions neutrons. In particular, when relativistic intense focus interacts with thin solid density target, ionized electrons are accelerated to near the speed of light (c) within an optical cycle pushed in forward transverse directions away from focus, carrying significant portion energy. These effectively collisionless, their interactions...
Cu wires attached to Al cones are used investigate the energy coupling efficiency of laser light fast electrons through a cone into dense plasma. We present experimental and simulation results demonstrating effect on effectively placing in surrounding high density plasma as well large preformed inside cone. Thick walls, simulating ignition, reduce by factor up 4. An increase prepulse 50 further reduces 3. Simulations with pic code lsp that include interaction from flash show electron...
We present 3D Particle-in-Cell (PIC) modeling of an ultra-intense laser experiment by the Extreme Light group at Air Force Research Laboratory using Large Scale Plasma (LSP) PIC code. This is first time simulations have been performed in for this which involves ultra-intense, short-pulse (30 fs) interacting with a water jet target normal incidence. The laser-energy-to-ejected-electron-energy conversion efficiency observed 2D(3v) were comparable to efficiencies seen simulations, but angular...
The development of ultra-intense laser-based sources high energy ions is an important goal, with a variety potential applications. One the barriers to achieving this goal need maximize conversion efficiency from laser ion energy. We apply new approach problem, in which we use evolutionary algorithm optimize by exploring variations target density profile thousands one-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. then compare "optimal" identified PIC simulations more conventional choices,...
We present a free student-facing tool for creating 3D plots and smartphone-based virtual reality (VR) visualizations STEM courses. Visualizations are created through an in-browser interface using simple plotting commands. Then QR codes generated, which can be interpreted with smartphone app, requiring only inexpensive Google Cardboard compatible viewer. Example uses math, physics, chemistry, other fields presented, including project-based assignment calculus courses at The Ohio State...
Virtual reality (VR) has long promised to revolutionize education, but with little follow-through.Part of the reason for this is prohibitive cost immersive VR headsets or caves.This changed advent smartphone-based (along lines Google cardboard) which allows students use smartphones and inexpensive plastic cardboard viewers enjoy stereoscopic simulations.We have completed largestever such study on 627 enrolled in calculus-based freshman physics at The Ohio State University.This initial...
There are now more Particle-in-Cell (PIC) codes than ever before that researchers use to simulate intense laser-plasma interactions. To date, there have been relatively few direct comparisons of these in the literature, especially for relativistic intensity lasers interacting with thin overdense targets. address this we perform a code comparison three PIC codes: EPOCH, LSP, and WarpX problem laser-driven ion acceleration 2D(3v) geometry $10^{20}$ W cm$^{-2}$ laser. We examine plasma density,...