Abstract Many species of Neotropical frogs have evolved to deposit their tadpoles in small water bodies inside plant structures called phytotelmata. These pools are enough exclude large predators but limited nutrients and high desiccation risk. Here, we explore phytotelm use by three common species: Osteocephalus oophagus , an arboreal frog that periodically feeds eggs its tadpoles; Dendrobates tinctorius, a tadpole‐transporting poison with cannibalistic Allobates femoralis, terrestrial...

Helminths infect humans, livestock, and wildlife, yet remain understudied despite their significant impact on public health agriculture. Because many of the most prevalent helminth-borne diseases are zoonotic, diverse host species closely interconnected. Therefore, understanding helminth transmission among wildlife could improve predictions management infection risks across species. A key challenge to dynamics in is accurately quantitatively tracking levels hosts environments. Traditional...

Amphibian larvae typically inhabit relatively shallow freshwater environments, and within these boundaries there is considerable diversity in the structure of habitats exploited by different species. This habitat usually taken into account relation to aspects such as locomotion feeding, plays a fundamental role classification tadpoles ecomorphological guilds. However, its impact shaping sensory worlds species rarely addressed, including optical qualities each types water bodies challenges...

Genome size varies greatly across the tree of life and transposable elements are an important contributor to this variation. Among vertebrates, amphibians display greatest variation in genome size, making them ideal models explore causes consequences However, high-quality assemblies for have, until recently, been rare. Here, we generate a assembly dyeing poison frog, Dendrobates tinctorius. We compare publicly available frog genomes find evidence both large-scale conserved synteny widespread...

Abstract In juveniles extreme intraspecies aggression can seem counter-intuitive, as it might endanger their developmental goal of surviving until reproductive stage. Ultimately, be vital for survival, although the factors (e.g., genetic or environmental) leading to expression and intensity this behavior vary across taxa. Attacking (and sometimes killing) related individuals may reduce inclusive fitness; a solution problem, some species exhibit kin discrimination preferentially attack...

Turbidity challenges the visual performance of aquatic animals. Here, we use natural diversity ephemeral rearing sites occupied by tadpoles two poison frog species to explore relationship between environments with limited visibility and individual response perceived risk. To compare how diverse histories respond risk after developing in a range photic environments, sampled wild (1) Dendrobates tinctorius, rearing-site generalist facultatively cannibalistic (2) Oophaga pumilio, small-pool...

Abstract The current and cascading effects of global change challenges the interactions both between animal individuals (i.e. social sexual behaviour) environment they inhabit. Amphibians are an ecologically diverse class with a wide range behaviours, making them compelling model to understand potential adaptations animals faced human-induced rapid environmental changes (HIREC). Poison frogs (Dendrobatoidea) particularly interesting system, as display behaviours that shaped by conspecific...

Animals are often difficult to distinguish at an individual level, and being able identify individuals can be crucial in ecological or behavioral studies. In response this challenge, biologists have developed a range of marking (tattoos, brands, toe-clips) tagging (banding, collars, PIT, VIA, VIE) methods cohorts. with complex life cycles notoriously hard mark because the distortion loss tag across metamorphosis. amphibians, few studies attempted larval none been conducted on tropical...

Many animals use signals to recognize familiar individuals but risk making mistakes because the signal properties of different often overlap. Furthermore, outcomes correct and incorrect decisions yield fitness payoffs, incur these payoffs at frequencies depending on interaction rates. To understand how variation, rates shape recognition decision rules, we studied male golden rocket frogs, which calls territory neighbors are less aggressive than strangers. We first quantified patterns...

Abstract Individual behaviour is a combination of previous experiences and genetic factors whose interaction can be adaptively adjusted to respond changes in the surrounding environment. Understanding continuity behaviours both within among individuals help us disentangle ecological evolutionary significance underlying patterns aggression, activity, boldness, cooperation. In this study, we examined whether there repeatability activity levels juvenile dyeing poison frogs ( Dendrobates...

Abstract Aggression between juveniles can be unexpected, as their primary motivation is to survive until reproductive stage. However, instances of aggression, which may escalate cannibalism, vital for survival, although the factors (e.g. genetic or environmental) leading cannibalism vary across taxa. While greatly accelerate individual growth, it also reduce inclusive fitness when kin are consumed. As a solution this problem, some cannibals demonstrate discrimination and preferentially...

Abstract Many species of Neotropical frogs have evolved to deposit their tadpoles in small water bodies inside plant structures called phytotelmata. These pools are enough exclude large predators but limited nutrients and high desiccation risk. Here, we explore phytotelm use by three common species: Osteocephalus oophagus , an arboreal frog that periodically feeds eggs its tadpoles; Dendrobates tinctorius a tadpole-transporting poison with cannibalistic Allobates femoralis terrestrial...

Abstract Animals are often difficult to distinguish at an individual level, but being able identify individuals can be crucial in ecological or behavioral studies. In response this challenge, biologists have developed a range of marking (tattoos, brands, toe-clips) and tagging (PIT, VIA, VIE) methods cohorts. with complex life cycles notoriously hard mark because the distortion loss tag across metamorphosis. frogs, few studies attempted larval none been conducted on tropical species. Here,...

Abstract Turbidity challenges the visual performance of aquatic animals. During development, environments with limited visibility may affect fine-tuning systems and thus perception of, response to, risk. While turbidity has frequently been used to characterise permanent habitats, it an overlooked feature ephemeral ones. Here, we use natural diversity rearing sites (phytotelmata) in which tadpoles two poison frog species are deposited confined until metamorphosis explore relationship between...

Abstract Genome size varies greatly across the tree of life and transposable elements are an important contributor to this variation. Among vertebrates, amphibians display greatest variation in genome size, making them ideal models explore causes consequences However, high-quality assemblies for have, until recently, been rare. Here, we generate a assembly dyeing poison frog, Dendrobates tinctorius . We compare publicly-available frog genomes find evidence both large-scale conserved synteny...

Review_Poison frog social behaviour under global change (1).

Abstract Many animals use signals, such as vocalizations, to recognize familiar individuals. However, risk making recognition mistakes because the signal properties of different individuals often overlap due within-individual variation in production. To understand relationship between and decision rules for social recognition, we studied male golden rocket frogs, which calls territory neighbors respond less aggressively a neighbor’s than strangers. We quantified patterns individual acoustic...