A5081179899- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Genomics and Rare Diseases
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Nerve Injury and Rehabilitation
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
- Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics
- Bacterial Infections and Vaccines
- Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Infectious Diseases and Tuberculosis
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Diet and metabolism studies
Center for Global Health
2013-2023
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2014-2023
Center for Discovery
2018-2021
City University of New York
2017-2021
CDC Foundation
2015-2017
University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust
2017
Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics
2009-2011
The Ohio State University
2009
Ohio University
2006
Akron Children's Hospital
2006
Stakeholders agree that supporting high-quality diagnostics is essential if we are to continue make strides in the fight against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and tuberculosis. Despite need strengthen existing laboratory infrastructure, which includes expanding developing new laboratories, there clear diagnostic needs where conventional support insufficient. Regarding HIV, rapid point-of-care (POC) testing for initial HIV diagnosis has been successful, but several remain. For...
One component of the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) goal to end epidemic by 2030, is that 95% all persons receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) achieve viral suppression.
Helminths infect humans, livestock, and wildlife, yet remain understudied despite their significant impact on public health agriculture. Because many of the most prevalent helminth-borne diseases are zoonotic, diverse host species closely interconnected. Therefore, understanding helminth transmission among wildlife could improve predictions management infection risks across species. A key challenge to dynamics in is accurately quantitatively tracking levels hosts environments. Traditional...
Objective To analyse the feasibility, cost and performance of rapid tuberculosis (TB) molecular culture systems, in a high multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) middle-income region (Samara, Russia) provide evidence for WHO policy change. Methods Performance evaluation was conducted to compare BACTEC™ MGIT™ 960 system drug susceptibility testing (DST) systems diagnosis, resistance isoniazid rifampin, MDR identification compared conventional Lowenstein-Jensen assays. Findings 698 consecutive...
Objective To assess the performance of symptom-based screening for tuberculosis (TB), alone and with chest radiography among people living HIV (PLHIV), including pregnant women, in Western Kenya. Design Prospective cohort study Methods PLHIV from 15 randomly-selected clinics were screened three clinical algorithms [World Health Organization (WHO), Ministry (MOH), “Improving Diagnosis TB HIV-infected persons” (ID-TB/HIV) study], underwent (unless pregnant), provided two or more sputum...
Background. Diagnosis of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and prompt initiation effective treatment rely on access to rapid reliable drug-susceptibility testing. Efficient specimen transport systems appropriate training referral contribute optimal timely diagnostic services.
Introduction We assessed progress in HIV viral load (VL) scale up across seven sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries and discussed challenges strategies for improving VL coverage among patients on anti-retroviral therapy (ART). Methods A retrospective review of testing was conducted Côte d’Ivoire, Kenya, Lesotho, Malawi, Namibia, Tanzania, Uganda from January 2016 through June 2018. Data were collected included the cumulative number ART patients, with ≥ 1 test result (within preceding 12...
Background Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can cause pulmonary infection and disease especially among people living with HIV (PLHIV). PLHIV NTM may clinically present one of the four symptoms consistent tuberculosis (TB). We describe prevalence Mycobacterium complex (MTBC) isolated who presented for care treatment. Methods All patients presenting treatment services at 22 clinical sites in Botswana were offered screening TB recruited. Patients had ≥1 symptom asked to submit sputa Xpert...
ABSTRACT External quality assessment (EQA) for the Xpert MTB/RIF assay is part of system required clinical and laboratory practice. Five newly developed EQA panels that use different matrices, including a lyophilized sample (Vircell, Granada, Spain), dried tube specimen (CDC), liquid (Maine Molecular Quality Control, Inc. [MMQCI], Scarborough, ME), artificial sputum (Global Laboratory Initiative [GLI]), culture spot (National Health Services [NHLS]), were evaluated at 11 GeneXpert testing...
Abstract New diagnostics are needed to improve clinicians’ ability detect tuberculosis (TB) disease in key populations such as children and persons living with HIV rapidly drug resistance. Circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) plasma is a diagnostic target new obstetric oncologic applications, but its utility for diagnosing TB not known. Here we show that Mycobacterium complex can be detected of sputum smear-positive TB, even the absence mycobacteremia. Among 40 participants...
To describe the prevalence of depressive symptoms in adolescents presenting to emergency department (ED) and their demographics outcomes compared with endorsing low levels symptoms.The Beck Depression Inventory-2nd edition (BDI-II) was used screen all patients 13-19 years age who presented ED during period study. The BDI-II is a 21-item self-report instrument measure presence severity adults. Demographics clinical screening-program participants were abstracted by chart review. Patients...
AbstractObjective: The purpose of this study was to determine if Hispanic Seventh-Day Adventists (SDAs), who typically eat a diet lower in fat, saturated fat and protein, higher complex carbohydrates dietary fiber than the usual omnivorous diet, exhibit risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) Type 2 diabetes compared Catholic omnivores.Methods: Anthropometric characteristics, intake, blood pressure, serum lipids, glucose insulin, as well plasma ascorbic acid vitamin E concentrations,...
In 2011, the Botswana National Tuberculosis Program adopted World Health Organization guidelines and introduced Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) assay to support intensified case finding among people living with HIV enrolling in care. An evaluation was designed assess performance under operational conditions inform national scale-up.Xpert implemented from August 2012 through November 2014 13 GeneXpert instruments (GeneXpert) deployed a phased approach over nine months: centralized laboratory four...
In 2012, as a pilot for Botswana’s national Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) rollout plans, intensified tuberculosis (TB) case finding (ICF) activities were strengthened at 22 HIV treatment clinics prior to phased activation of 13 instruments. Together, the ICF intervention and are referred “Xpert package”. The evaluation, called Package Rollout Evaluation using Stepped-wedge design (XPRES), has two key objectives: (1) compare sensitivity microscopy-based Xpert-based pulmonary TB diagnostic algorithms...
Summary Neisseria meningitidis has evolved the ability to control expression‐state of numerous genes by phase variation. It been proposed that process aids this human pathogen in coping with diversity microenvironments and host immune systems. Therefore, increased frequencies variation may augment organism's adaptability virulence. In study, we found DNA derived from various neisserial co‐colonizers nasopharynx N. switching frequencies, indicating heterologous modulates a...