A5106266645- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Tuberculosis Research and Epidemiology
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- Genital Health and Disease
- Homelessness and Social Issues
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia detection and treatment
- Sex work and related issues
- Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Issues
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Urologic and reproductive health conditions
- Mycobacterium research and diagnosis
- Statistical Methods and Bayesian Inference
- Global Maternal and Child Health
- Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
- Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Food Security and Health in Diverse Populations
- Diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis
- HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Intimate Partner and Family Violence
- Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life
- Infectious Diseases and Mycology
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2016-2025
Center for Global Health
2013-2025
Government of the United States of America
2019-2023
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2022
Hospital for Tropical Diseases
2021
National Center for HIV/AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD and TB Prevention
2006-2014
Office of Infectious Diseases
2014
AIDS United
2014
Children's National
2013
University of Maryland, Baltimore
2013
To implement biomedical and other intensive HIV prevention interventions cost-effectively, busy care providers need validated, rapid, risk screening tools for identifying persons at highest of incident infection.To develop validate an index, we included behavioral test data from initially HIV-uninfected men who have sex with reported no injection drug use during semiannual interviews in the VaxGen VAX004 study Project Explore trials. Using generalized estimating equations logistic regression...
Background. We explored serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and associated factors for insufficiency or deficiency in an adult human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cohort compared 25(OH)D with those the general US population.
The feasibility of reducing the population-level incidence human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by increasing community coverage antiretroviral therapy (ART) and male circumcision is unknown.
Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate adherence highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) who are homeless or unstably housed. We evaluated housed PLWHA (n=644) three US cities were enrolled the Housing and Health Study. Using baseline data controlling for gender, race, age, education, we examined associations between self-reported two- Seven-day access healthcare, mental health, substance use, attitudes toward HIV medical therapy. Of 644...
To describe the prevalence and predictors of transmission-related behaviors adolescents with HIV acquired perinatally (perinatal) or through risky (behavioral).HIV-positive (n = 166) aged 13-21, receiving care in 3 US cities, reported sexual behaviors, drug use, psychosocial demographic characteristics. HIV-related data were abstracted from medical records.Of 105 sexually experienced reporting risk history (42 perinatal, 63 behavioral), 49 had engaged unprotected sex since learning their...
We describe the frequency of and factors associated with disclosure, knowledge partner's HIV status, consistent condom use among 3538 HIV-positive patients attending eighteen care treatment clinics in Kenya, Namibia, Tanzania. Overall, 42% were male, 64% on antiretroviral treatment. The majority (80%) had disclosed their status to partners, knew 77% reported use. Of those who 18% partner was negative. Compared men, women significantly less likely report disclosing sex partner(s), knowing...
It is essential that outcome research permit clear conclusions to be drawn about the efficacy of interventions. The common practice nesting therapists within conditions can pose important methodological challenges affect interpretation, particularly if study not powered account for nested design. An obstacle optimal design these studies lack data intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), which measures statistical dependencies introduced by nesting. To begin development a public database ICC...
Abstract Background Evidence shows that isoniazid preventive therapy (IPT) reduces tuberculosis (TB) incidence among people with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) additive benefit beyond antiretroviral alone, but its effectiveness in settings high multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) burden is unclear. We assessed the relationship between IPT and HIV (PWH) Ukraine, a high-burden (32.6%) MDR-TB setting, whether maintained virologically suppressed persons. Methods analyzed national surveillance...
Compare the efficacy of a multicomponent social support intervention to standard-of-care counseling on medication adherence among HIV-infected patients initiating antiretroviral therapy.Randomized controlled trial. Generalized estimating equations tested for differences in percentage participants achieving 90% adherence.Pill-taking, electronically monitored over 6 consecutive months; plasma viral load (VL), assessed at 3 and months following initiation therapy.Of 226 who were randomized...
To compare drug, alcohol, and sexual HIV transmission risk behaviors of homeless housed people living with HIV/AIDS.Data were from 8075 respondents in a cross-sectional, multisite behavioral survey adults recently reported to have infection.At interview, 310 (4%) homeless. Compared respondents, more likely be sexually active (past 12 months). However, had sex partners (lifetime past months), greater exchange for money or drugs unprotected vaginal anal an unknown serostatus partner. Homeless...
Background Participant non-adherence and loss to follow-up can compromise the validity of clinical trial results. An assessment these issues was made in a 3-year tuberculosis prevention among HIV-infected adults Botswana. Methods Findings Between 11/2004–07/2006, 1995 participants were enrolled at eight public health clinics. They returned monthly receive bottles medication expected take daily tablets isoniazid or placebo for three years. Non-adherence defined as refusing tablet ingestion...
While laboratory aetiological diagnosis is considered the gold standard for and management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), syndromic has been presented as a simplified affordable approach STI in limited resource settings. signs symptoms were collected using staff-administered computer-assisted personal interview audio self-interview. Participants underwent medical examination testing common STIs. The performance was assessed on agreement between interviewing methods well accurate...
Aim To describe factors associated with pregnancy desire and dual method use among people living HIV in clinical care sub-Saharan Africa. Design Sexually active HIV-positive adults were enrolled 18 clinics Kenya, Namibia Tanzania. Demographic, reproductive health data captured by interview medical record abstraction. Correlates of desiring a within the next 6 months, [defined as consistent condom together highly effective contraception (hormonal, intrauterine device (IUD), permanent)], those...
Objective: To incorporate preexposure prophylaxis and other biomedical or intensive behavioral interventions into the care of injection drug users (IDUs), health providers need validated, rapid, risk screening tools for identifying persons at highest incident HIV infection. Methods: develop validate a brief tool assessing contracting (ARCH), we included test data from 1904 initially HIV-uninfected men women enrolled followed in AIDS Linked to Intravenous Experience prospective cohort study...
HIV low-level viremia (LLV) (51-999 copies/mL) can progress to treatment failure and increase potential for drug resistance. We analyzed retrospective longitudinal data from people living with (PLHIV) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Kenya understand LLV prevalence virologic outcomes.We calculated rates of suppression (≤50 copies/mL), non-suppression (≥1000 (≥2 consecutive results) among PLHIV aged 15 years older who received at least 24 weeks ART during 2015-2021. risk using...
HIV care and treatment settings provide an opportunity to reach people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHIV) prevention messages services. Population-based surveys in sub-Saharan Africa have identified risk behaviors among PLHIV, yet data are limited regarding of PLHIV clinical care. This paper describes the baseline sociodemographic, transmission behaviors, a study evaluating intervention package for clinics Africa. The was longitudinal group-randomized trial 9 comparison Kenya, Namibia, Tanzania (N...
Background Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) can cause pulmonary infection and disease especially among people living with HIV (PLHIV). PLHIV NTM may clinically present one of the four symptoms consistent tuberculosis (TB). We describe prevalence Mycobacterium complex (MTBC) isolated who presented for care treatment. Methods All patients presenting treatment services at 22 clinical sites in Botswana were offered screening TB recruited. Patients had ≥1 symptom asked to submit sputa Xpert...