A5101576251- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Pesticide Exposure and Toxicity
- Occupational Health and Performance
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Malaria Research and Control
- Environmental Toxicology and Ecotoxicology
- Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Spaceflight effects on biology
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Hemoglobinopathies and Related Disorders
- Hemoglobin structure and function
- Thermoregulation and physiological responses
- Pressure Ulcer Prevention and Management
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Management Theory and Practice
- Leadership, Courage, and Heroism Studies
- Military History and Strategy
- Complement system in diseases
- Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Studies
- Neurological diseases and metabolism
- Automotive and Human Injury Biomechanics
- Dietary Effects on Health
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
2023-2025
United States Army
1999-2022
U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine
2017-2022
Michigan State University
1996-2013
University of New Mexico
2012
Boston College
2004-2005
Old Dominion University
2002
Temple University
1996
Case Western Reserve University
1993
Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science
1992
The medial preoptic area (MPOA), ventral pallidum (VP), and nucleus accumbens (NA) receive dopaminergic afferents are involved in maternal behavior. Experiments investigated whether dopamine (DA) receptor antagonism NA disrupts behavior, determined the type of DA involved, involvement drug spread to VP or MPOA. Injection SCH 23390 (D1 antagonist) into postpartum rats disrupted retrieving at dosage levels that were ineffective when injected MPOA VP. Motor impairment was not cause deficit....
Sleep restriction degrades cognitive and motor performance, which can adversely impact job performance increase the risk of accidents. Military personnel are prone to operating under sleep restriction, previous work suggests that military marksmanship may be negatively affected such conditions. Results these studies, however, mixed have often incorporated additional stressors (e.g. energy restriction) beyond restriction. Moreover, few studies investigated how degree difficulty a task impacts...
Effective leadership is critical to mission success in military organizations. However, instances of unethical and ineffective remain an ongoing concern. To address the need for improved small team leadership, U.S. Army developed Squad Leader Development Course (SLDC) provide junior non-commissioned officers (NCOs) with training education on doctrine, ethical authentic related competencies. Findings from a quasi-randomized controlled trial SLDC conducted NCOs ( N = 219) found that trainees...
Systemic immune function is impaired by sleep restriction. However, the impact of restriction on local responses and to what extent any impairment can be mitigated nutritional supplementation unknown. We assessed effect 72-h (2-h nightly sleep) skin barrier restoration an experimental wound, determined influence habitual protein intake (1.5 g·kg −1 ·day ) supplemented with arginine, glutamine, zinc sulfate, vitamin C, D3, omega-3 fatty acids compared lower (0.8 without supplemental nutrients...
Human hemoglobin cross-linked between the alpha chains with bis (3,5-dibromosalicyl) fumarate (DBBF-Hb) was exchange transfused in swine and histomorphologic changes were evaluated. Following exchange, animals euthanized tissues taken for light electron microscopy at 7.5 hours days 1, 4, 7, 15. Consistent hepatocellular renal epithelial cell seen. Hepatic injury, evident as cellular vacuolization, progressed to necrosis acute inflammatory infiltration by 1 resolving 7 completely resolved day...
Emotional hyperreactivity can inhibit maternal responsiveness in female rats and other animals. Maternal behavior postpartum is disrupted by increasing norepinephrine release the ventral bed nucleus of stria terminalis (BSTv) with α2-autoreceptor antagonist, yohimbine, or more selective idazoxan (Smith et al., 2012). Because high noradrenergic activity BSTv also increase anxiety-related behaviors, increased anxiety may underlie mothering dams given yohimbine idazoxan. To assess this...
Organophosphorus nerve agents (OPNAs) are irreversible inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase that pose a serious threat to public health because their use as chemical weapons. Exposure high doses OPNAs can dramatically potentiate cholinergic synaptic activity and cause status epilepticus (SE). Current standard care for OPNA exposure involves treatment with antagonists, oxime cholinesterase reactivators, benzodiazepines. However, data from pre-clinical models suggest OPNA-induced SE rapidly...
"A Nonhuman Primate Model for Human Cerebral Malaria: Effects of Artesunate (Qinghaosu Derivative) on Rhesus Monkeys Experimentally Infected with Plasmodium coatneyi" published Dec 1993 by The American Society Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Introduction Service members are at risk for pain-related difficulties in functioning and physical injury. Previous studies suggest that mindfulness training (MT) yoga may prevent these outcomes. The present study was designed to determine the impact of MT on health, pain, injury Army trainees completing 10 weeks basic combat (BCT). Methods Platoons (≈40 per platoon) were randomized or training-as-usual October December 2020 a large installation US. Self-reported outcomes pain level,...
Although several animal models for human cerebral malaria have been proposed in the past, name shown pathological findings that are similar to those seen humans. In order develop an model malaria, we studied pathology of brains Plasmodium coatneyi (primate parasite)-infected rhesus monkeys. Our study demonstrated parazitized erythrocyte (PRBC) sequestration and cytoadherence knobs on PRBC endothelial cells microvessels these This een malaria. Crebral with sequestred were by...
The purpose was to explore the effects of transcutaneous trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) on neurochemical concentrations (brainstem, anterior cingulate cortex [ACC], dorsolateral prefrontal [DLPFC], ventromedial [VMPFC], and posterior [PCC]) using ultrahigh-field magnetic resonance spectroscopy.This double-blinded study tested 32 healthy males (age: 25.4 ± 7.3 years) two separate occasions where participants received either a 20-minute TNS or sham session. Participants were scanned at...
Conscious rats were given either 14 g/dl bis(3,5-dibromosalicyl) fumarate cross-linked hemoglobin (DBBF-Hb) in lactated Ringer's (LR) as an intravenous bolus (40, 50, or 60% of blood volume), 12.5 human serum albumin (HSA) LR a control for oncotic effects, injection volume. The high dose HSA and DBBF-Hb experienced pulmonary edema after injection; one rat each these groups died soon dosing. Rats killed 48 hours histopathology. Only the 50% had treatment-related lesions. In liver, randomly...
Blast overpressure and accelerative impact can produce concussive-like symptoms in service members serving both garrison deployed environments. In an effort to measure, document, improve the response these events, U.S. Army Medical Material Development Activity is evaluating body-worn sensors for use by Joint Conventional Force. support, WRAIR completed a qualitative end-user evaluation with from high-risk mission occupational specialties determine potential needs, benefits, challenges...
This study investigated the effects of event rate and stimulus array size during a vigilance task on performance relative EEG power bandwidths (alpha, beta, theta) derived engagement index, EI = (beta/(alpha+ theta)). Forty participants, ages 18 to 40, engaged in visual search task. Participants were required distinguish green “K” from an stimuli (yellow-green, green, blue-green factorially combined with K, X, N, R). Each participant searched for signal arrays 2 or 5 presented at either 12...