The aerobic biotransformation pathways of 4:2, 6:2, and 8:2 fluorotelomer thioether amido sulfonate (FtTAoS) were characterized by determining the fate compounds in soil medium microcosms amended with an aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) solution. FtTAoS occurred live over approximately 40 days produced (FtS), 6:2 unsaturated carboxylic acid (FtUCA), 5:3 (FtCA), C4 to C8 perfluorinated acids (PFCAs). Two products corresponding singly doubly oxygenated forms also identified through high...

In this study, aerobic granules to treat wastewater containing p-nitrophenol (PNP) were successfully developed in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) using activated sludge as inoculum. A key step was the conditioning of seed enrich for biomass with improved settleability and higher PNP degradation activity by implementing progressive decreases settling time stepwise increases concentration. The cultivated at loading rate 0.6 kg/m3·day, glucose boost growth PNP-degrading biomass. had clearly...

Understanding microbial interactions in engineering bioprocesses is important to enhance and optimize performance outcomes requires dissection of the multi-layer complexities communities. However, unraveling as well substrates involved complex communities a challenging task. Here, we demonstrate an integrated approach metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, targeted metabolite analysis identify interspecies from potential cross-feeding model community-bisphenol A (BPA)-biodegrading community,...

Corrinoids are cobalt-containing molecules that function as enzyme cofactors in a wide variety of organisms but produced solely by subset prokaryotes. Specific corrinoids identified the structure their axial ligands. The lower ligand corrinoid can be benzimidazole, purine, or phenolic compound. Though it is known many obtain from environment, serve for any one organism largely unstudied. Here, we examine range corrinoid-dependent metabolism Dehalococcoides mccartyi strain 195. bacteria play...

Significance We have studied the functionality of an incomplete acetyl-CoA “Wood–Ljungdahl” pathway in a strictly organohalide-respiring bacterium, Dehalococcoides mccartyi . found that addition to its ability incorporate exogenous formate, this cleaves generate methyl-tetrahydrofolate for methionine biosynthesis, serving as unique substitute missing methylene-tetrahydrofolate reductase function. also accumulation carbon monoxide (CO), obligate by-product from cleavage, inhibits D. axenic...

Sites impacted by aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) contain co-contaminants that can stimulate biotransformation of polyfluoroalkyl substances. Here, we compare how microbial enrichments from AFFF-impacted soil amended with diethyl glycol monobutyl ether (found in AFFF), aromatic hydrocarbons (present co-released fuels), acetate, and methane (substrates used or formed during bioremediation) impact the aerobic an AFFF-derived six-carbon electrochemical fluorination (ECF) precursor N-dimethyl...

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of synthetic, organic chemicals that contaminate drinking water natural ecosystems. PFAS source apportionment is challenging because there many sources, standard analytical methods quantify fewer than 100 the thousands PFASs in commerce. The total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay augments number can be quantified increasingly incorporated into routine site investigation. Here we examine ability TOP to identify including aqueous...

Corrinoids are essential cofactors of reductive dehalogenases in Dehalococcoides mccartyi, an important bacterium bioremediation, yet sequenced D. mccartyi strains do not possess the complete pathway for de novo corrinoid biosynthesis. Pelosinus sp. and Desulfovibrio have been detected dechlorinating communities enriched from contaminated groundwater without exogenous cobalamin corrinoid. To investigate corrinoid-related interactions among key members these communities, we constructed...

Cobalamin and other corrinoids are essential cofactors for many organisms. The majority of microbes with corrinoid-dependent enzymes do not produce de novo, instead must acquire produced by organisms in their environment. However, the profile microbial communities, as well exchange modification among community members have been studied. In this study, we applied a newly developed liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry-based corrinoid detection method to examine relationships...

The fate of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) under anaerobic conditions has not been well characterized, leaving major gaps our understanding PFAS transformation at contaminated sites. In this study, the biotransformation 6:2 fluorotelomer thioether amido sulfonate (6:2 FtTAoS), a component several AFFF formulations, was investigated sulfate-reducing microcosms inoculated with either pristine or AFFF-impacted solids. To identify products, we...

Despite the fact that thousands of perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are in widespread commercial use, analytical methods capable quantifying them environmental samples available for less than 100 compounds. The total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay provides a means unknown PFASs by oxidizing into carboxylates (PFCAs), which readily measured liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. To improve reproducibility TOP assay, [13C8] perfluorooctane sulfonamide was added...

Due to their persistence and toxicity, per- polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have become an issue of global concern. The public's perception is valuable in consultations about possible remediation or mitigation against the use PFAS. In this study, we investigated source PFAS information factors (psycho-demographic characteristics) affecting public views. We performed online survey with a demographically representative sample Aotearoa New Zealand adults (n = 935). Results show that are known...

Members of the genus "Dehalococcoides" are only known microorganisms that can completely dechlorinate tetrachloroethene and trichloroethene to innocuous end product, ethene. This study examines central metabolism in "Dehalococcoides ethenogenes" strain 195 via (13)C-labeled tracer experiments. Supported by genome annotation transcript profile, isotopomer analysis key metabolites clarifies ambiguities identifies an unusual biosynthetic pathway 195. First, (13)C-labeling studies revealed...

Perfluoroalkyl acid (PFAA) precursors are a diverse subclass of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) that can be transformed into PFAAs public health concern. Unlike strongly acidic PFAAs, anionic, cationic, neutral, or zwitterionic. Precursor charge affects the environmental fate, but existing quantification techniques struggle to ascertain abundance compounds within each group. To fill this gap, we developed validated solid-phase extraction procedure separates by quantifies sum in...

The application of aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) to extinguish chlorinated solvent-fueled fires has led the co-contamination poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) trichloroethene (TCE) in groundwater soil. Although reductive dechlorination TCE by Dehalococcoides mccartyi is a frequently used remediation strategy, effects AFFF PFASs on are not well-understood. Various formulations, PFASs, ethylene glycols were amended growth medium D. mccartyi-containing enrichment culture...

Profiles of 33 PFAS analytes and 12 essential non-essential trace elements were measured in livers stranded common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) from New Zealand. concentrations reported largely comparable to those other marine mammal species globally composed mostly long-chain compounds including perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorododecanoic (PFDoDA), perfluorotridecanoic (PFTrDA) perfluorooctanesulfonamide (FOSA). profiles did not vary significantly by location, body condition,...

Aqueous film-forming foams (AFFFs) are important sources of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in soil, groundwater, surface water. Soil microorganisms can convert polyfluorinated into persistent perfluoroalkyl acids, but the understanding co-contaminant stimulation or inhibition PFASs biotransformation is limited. In this study, we investigate how aerobic was affected by common AFFF co-contaminants, such as gasoline aromatics: benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-xylene (BTEX). We...