A5011667204- Plant Taxonomy and Phylogenetics
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Bioenergy crop production and management
- Genetic diversity and population structure
- Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions
- Plant and animal studies
- Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Bamboo properties and applications
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Ruminant Nutrition and Digestive Physiology
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Piperaceae Chemical and Biological Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Botanical Research and Chemistry
- Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Trinity College Dublin
2015-2024
University College Dublin
2005-2011
Kasetsart University
2011
National University of Ireland, Maynooth
2006
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
2000-2002
C(4) photosynthesis is a series of anatomical and biochemical modifications to the typical C(3) pathway that increases productivity plants in warm, sunny, dry conditions. Despite its complexity, it evolved more than 62 times independently flowering plants. However, origins are absent from most plant lineages clustered others, suggesting some characteristics increase evolvability certain phylogenetic groups. The trait has 22-24 grasses, all occurred within PACMAD clade, whereas similarly...
Significance Duplication of genomes following hybridization (allopolyploidy) is common among flowering plants, particularly in the grasses that cover vast areas world and provide food fuel. Here, we find genome duplication has occurred at a remarkable rate, accounting for least third all speciation events group about 1,200 species. Much this during expansion C 4 grasslands Late Miocene. We no evidence allopolyploidy leads directly to change net rate diversification or correlates with origin...
When plants establish outside their native range, ability to adapt the new environment is influenced by both demography and dispersal. However, relative importance of these two factors poorly understood. To quantify influence dispersal on patterns genetic diversity underlying adaptation, we used data from a globally distributed demographic research network comprising 35 18 nonnative populations Plantago lanceolata . Species-specific simulation experiments showed that would dilute influences...
The grasses (Poaceae) are the fifth most diverse family of angiosperms, including 800 genera and more than 10 000 species. Few phylogenetic studies have tried to investigate palaeo-biogeographical palaeo-ecological scenarios that may led present-day distribution diversity at level. We produced a dated tree based on combined plastid DNA sequences comprehensive sample Poaceae. Furthermore, we an additional using supermatrix morphological molecular data included all grass so ancestral...
Two clones of Miscanthus , grown under the names M. × giganteus and sacchariflorus have been used in biomass trials Europe, but neither identity these nor their origin has established. DNA sequencing, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), chromosome studies confirm that is an allotriploid (2 n = 3 x 57) combining genomes from sinensis 2 38) 38 or 76). alleles internal transcribed spacer 18S–25S nuclear ribosomal (ITS) were discovered polymerase chain reaction products . Cloning...
Abstract A widespread criticism of growing energy crops is that they displace much needed food and cause upward pressure on prices. One solution the use marginal land unfavourable for production currently underutilized. However, yield reduced because are subjected to a range abiotic stresses such as extremes temperature rainfall edaphic factors increased soil salinity. Therefore, achieve acceptable economic returns this it will be necessary to, one hand improve management practices other...
Abstract Miscanthus is a perennial wild grass that of global importance for paper production, roofing, horticultural plantings, and an emerging highly productive temperate biomass crop. We report chromosome-scale assembly the paleotetraploid M. sinensis genome, providing resource links its chromosomes to related diploid Sorghum complex polyploid sugarcanes. The asymmetric distribution transposons across two homoeologous subgenomes proves paleo-allotetraploidy identifies several balanced...
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and inter-simple sequence repeat markers were employed to characterize a genetic resource collection of Miscanthus, grass under trial in Europe as biomass crop. The 26 polymorphic produced by two ISSR fingerprinting primers able discriminate taxa identify putative clones. AFLP fingerprints fully reproducible larger number for the three primer pairs tested, which 998 (representing 79.3% all bands). distinguished species, infra-specific (varieties...
Abstract C 4 grasses constitute the main component of savannas and are pervasive in other dry tropical ecosystems where they serve as diet for grazing animals. Among potential factors driving evolution grasses, interaction between grazers has not been investigated. To evaluate if increased pressure may have selected higher leaf silica production diverged, we reconstructed phylogeny all 800 genera grass family with both molecular (combined multiplastid DNA regions) morphological characters....
Since the Monocots II meeting in 1998, significant new data have been published that enhance our systematic knowledge of Cyperaceae. Phylogenetic studies family also progressed steadily. For this study, a parsimony analysis was carried out using all rbcL sequences currently available for Cyperaceae, including two genera. One four subfamilies (Caricoideae) and seven 14 tribes (Bisboeckelereae, Cariceae, Cryptangieae, Dulichieae, Eleocharideae, Sclerieae, Trilepideae) are monophyletic....
The conservation of crop genetic resources requires understanding the different variables—cultural, social, and economic—that impinge on diversity. In small-scale farming systems, seed exchanges represent a key mechanism in dynamics diversity, analyzing rules that structure social networks exchange between farmer communities can help decipher patterns Using combination ethnobotanical molecular approaches, we investigated relationships regional manioc diversity Gabon local exchange. Spatially...
Abstract Miscanthus × giganteus (Mxg) is an important bioenergy feedstock crop, however, genetic diversity among legacy cultivars may be severely constrained. Only one introduction from Japan to Denmark of this sterile, triploid, vegetatively propagated crop was recorded in the 1930s. We sought determine if Mxg North America were all synonyms, and they derived European introduction. used 64 nuclear five chloroplast simple sequence repeat ( SSR ) markers estimate similarity for 27 accessions...
Large and comprehensive phylogenetic trees are desirable for studying macroevolutionary processes classification purposes. Such can be obtained in two different ways. Either the widest possible range of taxa sampled used a analysis to produce “big tree,” or preexisting topologies create supertree. Although large multigene analyses often favored, combinable data not always available, supertrees offer suitable solution. The most commonly method supertree reconstruction, matrix representation...
Cyperaceae are the third largest monocotyledon family, with considerable economic and conservation importance. In subfamily Mapanioideae there is particular specialization of inflorescence into units termed spicoids. The structural homology spicoid difficult to interpret, making determination intrafamilial relationships problematic. To address this, pollen from eight species in was investigated using light microscopy scanning transmission electron microscopy. Pollen development also examined...