Attributes have proliferated recently with different selections available on workstations. What do they all mean? When we use one and when another? The answers to these questions are not easy but the first step is understand what our options are, herein lies purpose of this article.

With the success of 3-D surveys has come popularity seismic attributes. Attributes are valuable for gaining insight from data particularly when displayed spatially over interpreted horizons. However, all many attributes available not independent pieces information but, in fact, simply represent different ways presenting a limited amount basic information. The key to lies selecting most applicable attribute problem. Furthermore, statistical analysis using must be based on understanding,...

A bstract three‐dimensional marine seismic survey was conducted in the Gulf of Thailand to aid development a gas field indicated by three wildcat wells. The results and interpretation reported previously demonstrated improved fault resolution better structural definition. Five successful appraisal wells have now been drilled, these show that most sands limited extent. Widespread character changes data also support stratigraphic variations many sands. Several new methods 3D developed while...

Abstract Three-dimensional (3D) seismic data have had a substantial impact on the successful exploration and production of hydrocarbons. Although most commonly acquired by oil gas industry, these are starting to be used as research tool in other Earth sciences disciplines. However despite some innovative new directions academic investigation, examples how 3D increased our understanding structure stratigraphy sedimentary basins come from industry that data. The is also making significant...

Acute small bowel obstruction is commonly due to band adhesions. 1 In the past it has had an overall mortality rate of up 11 % for elderly patients. this paper we report three cases obstruction, treated by laparoscopic division causative bands. All patients recovered rapidly and were discharged within 5 days surgery.

Purpose This paper aims to explore the university as a nexus of socially innovative support and engagement with micro- small-sized (mSME) creative businesses in rural semi-rural regions. argues that universities can play role around their Design/methodology/approach The authors used an action research approach shape university-led interventions for mSMEs predominantly rural/semi-rural deprived area North East England. A series additional interviews were conducted sample further issues raised...

Zero phase is universally desirable but difficult to achieve. There are two versions of zero phase, known as American polarity and European polarity. American described as: An increase in impedance yields positive amplitude normally displayed blue. A decrease negative red . American …

When water in the pores of a reservoir rock is replaced by hydrocarbon, acoustic impedance universally reduces. becomes more porous, reduces further. net-to-gross ratio (for most reservoirs) increases, average further still. Thus low prospective. If prospective encased higher-impedance rock, this produces contrast and thus seismic bright spot. lower-impedance less dim

ABSTRACT Synergism of 3‐D seismic data, wavelet processing, colour display and interactive interpretation has been exploited in the study a Gulf Mexico gas reservoir. Seismic amplitude used as measure proportion sand/shale reservoir capable producing gas. This led to mapping net producible thickness sand. The tuning phenomena resulting from geometric effects alone were studied detail, curves various levels sophistication basis for editing. Statistical derived by cross‐plotting deterministic...

In the Garden Banks area of offshore Louisiana several gas sands have been drilled and found productive. However, are laterally variable in thickness effectiveness. An improved understanding spatial distribution net producible sand is highly desirable for reservoir management. The bright reflections from top base each were tracked automatically on an interactive interpretation system. This yielded time structure maps hence isochron gross interval. horizon Seiscrop™ sections diplaying...

Interpretation technology for the direct detection of hydrocarbons with stacked seismic reflections is focused mainly on bright spot systems in which acoustic impedance reservoir lower than overburden and underburden. polarity reversal dim systems, higher or underburden, requires interpreter to use a different more complicated set rules validate these as hydrocarbon indicators.

Color adds visual dynamic range to seismic data, thus permitting the interpreter see important detail which otherwise would be missed. Variable-intensity color is needed rather than variable-area/wiggle (see attached figure) for four reasons: All logic and intuition in …

As interpreters seek to extract more information out of seismic data, they must adapt 3-D, workstations, color display, and many tools concepts stratigraphic reservoir interpretation. Undoubtedly our prospects are stratigraphic, some us not adapting fast enough. In this article my concern is picking philosophy. Approaches that adequate — well established for structure mapping will often work stratigraphy. Let consider an all‐too‐common procedure horizon identification at the start a project.

Today's geophysical workstations are splendid tools but they only tools. Unfortunately too many interpreters expecting to find the solution their problem in workstation! The skill remains thoughtful geological interpretation of data. As a consultant, I am often position review seismic interpretations by others. It gives me opportunity reflect on how geoscientists can improve and avoid pitfalls. All contact with who have misidentified horizon, failed understand phase polarity data, distorted...

Everyone agrees that zero phase is the data condition makes seismic interpretation easier and more accurate. This becomes increasingly important as an progresses from structure to stratigraphy hydrocarbon identification reservoir analysis. Hence processing today

Stratigraphic, reservoir and fluid interpretation demands a thorough understanding of the seismic‐to‐well tie. Data phase, polarity tuning effects significantly influence this tie are often poorly understood. By relating seismic character to known subsurface geology, interpreter should gain better be able calibrate himself his data. This is an important preliminary stage in any beyond structure.

Amplitude is the key to all seismic interpretation objectives other than structure. tells us about stratigraphic bodies, fluid content, and porosity zones. But amplitude also affected by data collection, processing, surface conditions, geology of overburden, shallower reservoirs. So, contains much ambiguity, which can lead pitfalls. We may use different types amplitude, we call these attributes. or not select type optimally for current problem. full information, but see what important? Does...

PreviousNext No AccessInterpretationVolume 5, Issue 2The perils of polarityAuthors: Alistair R. BrownWayne D. PenningtonAlistair BrownConsulting Geophysicist, Allen, Texas, USA. E-mail: .Search for more papers by this authorEmail the author at [email protected] and Wayne PenningtonMichigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, protected]https://doi.org/10.1190/INT-2016-0242.1 SectionsAboutFull TextPDF/ePub ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissions...

We have always observed amplitude in the seismic signal but, early days, we were concerned with its existence and not magnitude because our objectives only structural. Digital processing today generally seeks to preserve “true” so that stratigraphic inferences can be made from it more subsurface information extracted data. But how are these amplitudes much infer them? A workshop at 1985 SEG Annual Meeting Washington focused on this subject concluded ability control understand is far perfect....

The manner in which a fault intersects hydrocarbon reservoir affects production characteristics and thus must be understood great detail. A 3-D seismic data volume can sliced interactively to yield sections parallel plane. These slices then used several ways for the study of faults. Tracking correlative horizons on provides map throw permits as function vertical traveltime horizontal position. Because slice remains within one major block, growth relationships that block is facilitated....