A5055701951- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Plant and fungal interactions
- Turfgrass Adaptation and Management
- Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Weed Control and Herbicide Applications
- Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Plant nutrient uptake and metabolism
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant tissue culture and regeneration
- Nitrogen and Sulfur Effects on Brassica
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Genomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
- Seed Germination and Physiology
- Gut microbiota and health
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Forensic Entomology and Diptera Studies
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
Rothamsted Research
2011-2024
Royal Hospital for Sick Children
2024
Royal Children's Hospital
2024
Concord Repatriation General Hospital
2016-2023
Novartis (Switzerland)
2022
Swansea University
2022
Institut de Biologia Evolutiva
2022
University of Bristol
2022
Syngenta (United Kingdom)
2004-2021
University of Hertfordshire
2011-2014
Multiple-herbicide resistance (MHR) in black-grass ( Alopecurus myosuroides ) and annual rye-grass Lolium rigidum is a global problem leading to loss of chemical weed control cereal crops. Although poorly understood, common with multiple-drug (MDR) tumors, MHR associated an enhanced ability detoxify xenobiotics. In humans, MDR linked the overexpression pi class glutathione transferase (GSTP1), which has both detoxification signaling functions promoting drug resistance. black-grass, was also...
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are essential elements of soil fertility, plant nutrition and productivity, facilitating mineral nutrient uptake. Helianthus annuus is a non-model, widely cultivated species. Here we used an RNA-seq approach for evaluating gene expression variation at early late stages establishment in sunflower roots colonized by the arbuscular fungus Rhizoglomus irregulare. mRNA was isolated from plantlets 4 16 days after inoculation with fungus. cDNA libraries were built...
Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are a pressing public health issue due to limited therapeutic options treat such infections. CREs have been predominantly isolated from humans and environmental samples they rarely reported among companion animals. In this study we report on the isolation plasmid characterization of carbapenemase (IMP-4) producing Salmonella enterica Typhimurium animal. Carbapenemase-producing S. carrying blaIMP-4 was identified systemically unwell (index) cat...
Abstract The development of dwarf wheat cultivars combined with high levels agrochemical inputs during the green revolution resulted in yielding cropping systems. However, changes were made without considering impacts on plant and soil microbe interactions. We studied effect these root traits assembly rhizosphere bacterial communities by comparing eight ranging from tall to semi-dwarf plants grown under field conditions. Wheat breeding influenced diameter specific length (SRL). Rhizosphere...
Seed dormancy governs the timing of germination, one most important developmental transitions in a plant's life cycle. The DELAY OF GERMINATION1 (DOG1) gene is key regulator seed and major quantitative trait locus Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). DOG1 expression under tight environmental regulation, but transcription factors involved are not known. Here we show that basic LEUCINE ZIPPER TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR67 (bZIP67) acts downstream central development, LEAFY COTYLEDON1, to transactivate...
Abstract The abundance and phylogenetic diversity of functional genes involved in nitrification were assessed Rothamsted field plots under contrasting management regimes—permanent bare fallow, grassland, arable (wheat) cultivation maintained for more than 50 years. Metagenome metatranscriptome analysis indicated nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) abundant ammonia archaea (AOA) (AOB) all soils. most AOA AOB the metagenomes were, respectively, Nitrososphaera Ca. Nitrososcosmicus (family...
Objectives Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a serious disease that arises due to feline coronavirus infection. The nucleoside analogues remdesivir and GS-441524 can be effective in its treatment, but most studies have used unregulated products of unknown composition. aim the present study was describe treatment FIP using legally sourced veterinary-prescribed regulated veterinary compounded containing known amounts (injectable) or (oral tablets). Methods Cats were recruited via email...
Abstract BACKGROUND: The UK government has published plans to reduce agriculture's greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. At the same time, goal of global food security requires an increase in arable crop yields. Foliar disease control measures such as fungicides have important role meeting both objectives. RESULTS: It is estimated that winter barley production associated with GHG emissions 2770 kg CO 2 eq. ha −1 and 355 t grain. by decreases 42–60 29–39 spring barley. sensitivity these results...
Abstract To estimate potential impact of climate change on wheat fusarium ear blight ( FEB ), simulated weather for the A1B scenario was input into a model estimating in central China. In this article, logistic weather‐based regression incidence China developed, using up to 10 years (2001–2010) disease, anthesis date and data available locations Anhui Hubei provinces. model, variables were defined with respect each location year. The suggested that is related number days rainfall 30‐day...
Many genes increase coding capacity by alternate exon usage. The gene encoding the insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) α6 subunit, target of bio-insecticide spinosad, is one example this and expands protein diversity via alternative splicing mutually exclusive exons. Here, we show that spinosad resistance in tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta associated with aberrant regulation Taα6 resulting a novel form insecticide mediated skipping. Sequencing subunit cDNA from selected...
Abstract Background Orius laevigatus , a minute pirate bug, is highly effective beneficial predator of crop pests including aphids, spider mites and thrips in integrated pest management (IPM) programmes. No genomic information currently available for O. as the case majority predators which feed on pests. In contrast, far more readily available. The lack publicly genomes to date has limited our ability perform comparative analyses genes encoding potential insecticide resistance mechanisms...
The Rhynchosporium species complex consists of hemibiotrophic fungal pathogens specialized to different sweet grass including the cereal crops barley and rye. A sexual stage has not been described, but several lines evidence suggest occurrence reproduction. Therefore, a comparative genomics approach was carried out disclose evolutionary relationship identify genes demonstrating potential for cycle. Furthermore, due very young age five currently known, this genus appears be well-suited...
How soil is managed, particularly for agriculture, exerts stresses upon microbiomes, resulting in altered community structures and functional states. Understanding how microbiomes respond to combined important predicting system performance under different land use scenarios, aids identification of the most environmentally benign managements, provides insight into function can be recovered degraded soils. We a long-established field experiment study effects chronic (press) disturbance...
Background: One of the biggest developments wheat domestication was development semi-dwarf cultivars that respond well to fertilisers and produce higher yields without lodging. Consequently, this change has also impacted microbiome, often resulting in reduced selection taxa a loss network complexity rhizospheres cultivars. Given importance rhizosphere microbiomes for plant health performance, it is imperative we understand if how these changes have affected their function. Here, use shotgun...
Microbial community ecology studies have traditionally utilized culture-based methodologies, though the advent of next-generation amplicon sequencing has facilitated superior resolution analyses complex microbial communities. Here, we used culture-dependent and -independent approaches to explore influence land use as well seed load on bacterial structure wheat rhizosphere root endosphere. It was found that niche an important factor in shaping microbiome when using both methodological...
Abstract The global invasion, and subsequent spread evolution of weeds provides unique opportunities to address fundamental questions in evolutionary invasion ecology. Amaranthus palmeri is a widespread glyphosate‐resistant (GR) weed the USA. Since 2015, GR populations A . have been confirmed South America, raising about introduction pathways importance pre‐ vs. post‐invasion traits. We used RAD‐sequencing genotyping characterize genetic structure from Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay also...
ABSTRACT Rock phosphate is an alternative form of phosphorus (P) fertilizer; however, there no information regarding the influence P fertilizer sources in Brazilian Cerrado soils upon microbial genes coding for phosphohydrolase enzymes crop rhizospheres. Here, we analyze a field experiment comparing maize and sorghum grown under different fertilization (rock triple superphosphate) performance, phosphatase activity rhizosphere microbiomes at three levels diversity: small subunit rRNA marker...
Abstract Understanding temperature-sensitivity of R gene-mediated resistance against apoplastic pathogens is important for sustainable food production in the face global warming. Here, we show that Brassica napus cotyledons Leptosphaeria maculans was temperature-sensitive introgression line Topas- Rlm7 but temperature-resilient Rlm4 . A set 1,646 host genes differentially expressed and response to temperature. Amongst these were three WAKL10 genes, including BnaA07g20220D, representing...
Sphaerophoria rueppellii, a European species of hoverfly, is highly effective beneficial predator hemipteran crop pests including aphids, thrips and coleopteran/lepidopteran larvae in integrated pest management (IPM) programmes. It also key pollinator wide variety important agricultural crops. No genomic information currently available for S. rueppellii. Without such species, we are unable to perform comparative analyses insecticide target-sites genes encoding metabolic enzymes potentially...
Black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides) is one of the most problematic agricultural weeds Western Europe, causing significant yield losses in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and other crops through competition for space resources. Previous studies link black-grass patches to water-retaining soils, yet its specific adaptations these conditions remain unclear. We designed pot-based waterlogging experiments compare 13 biotypes six cultivars wheat. These showed that roots induced aerenchyma when...
The evolution and growth of multiple-herbicide resistance (MHR) in grass weeds continues to threaten global cereal production. While various processes can contribute resistance, earlier work has identified the phi class glutathione-