The preparations of (K 0.5 Na )NbO 3 (KNN)‐based ceramics were studied as lead‐free piezoelectric materials. authors found that the addition CuO greatly enhanced sinterability KNN‐based ceramics. and properties these dependent upon A/B ratio, doping, formation a solid solution with KTaO . Perovskite ) x NbO ( =A/B ratio) was synthesized ratios 1.00 1.05 by while contained K 4 CuNb 8 O 23 second phase below 0.98. Although A site‐rich =1.00 1.05) exhibited deliquescence, site‐poor ≤0.98) had...

Superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPIONs) could enable cancer theranostics if magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and hyperthermia treatment (MHT) were combined. However, the particle size of SPIONs is smaller than pores fenestrated capillaries in normal tissues because superparamagnetism expressed only at a <10 nm. Therefore, leak from tissues, resulting low accumulation tumors. Furthermore, MHT studies have been conducted an impractical way: direct injection materials into tumor application...

We report the synthesis of smart nanoparticles (NPs) that generate heat in response to an alternating current magnetic field (ACMF) and sequentially release anticancer drug (doxorubicin, DOX). further study vivo therapeutic efficacy combination hyperthermia (MHT) chemotherapy using NPs for treatment multiple myeloma. The are composed a polymer with glass-transition temperature (T g) 44°C, which contains clustered Fe3O4 DOX. produce when ACMF is applied rise above softens phase leads MHT...

Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) generate heat when a high-frequency magnetic field (HFMF) is applied to them. Induction useful not only for hyperthermia treatment but also as driving force drug-release. beta-Cyclodextrin (CD) can act drug container because of its inclusion properties. Drugs incorporated in the CD thus be released through use induction heating, or hyperthermic effects, by applying HFMF. In this study, we have synthesized folic acid (FA) and CD-functionalized superparamagnetic...

The synthesis of silver and gold metal nanospherical particles stabilized by the fourth-generation poly(amido amine) (G4 PAMAM) dendrimer is reported. reduction nitrate sodium tetrachloroaurate in presence PAMAM having terminal amine groups results formation stable, water-soluble nanoparticles. size have been determined from UV−vis plasmon absorption band transmission electron microscopic (TEM) analyses. average particle sizes are (6.2 ± 1.7)−(12.2 2.9) nm for (3.2 0.7)−(7.3 1.5) gold,...

Lead-free piezoelectric K0.5Na0.5NbO3 thin films for microelectromechanical systems were fabricated via chemical solution process using metal alkoxide. Perovskite (KNN) single-phase with good leakage current properties successfully prepared by optimizing the KxNaxNbO3 (x≧0.5) composition of precursor solution. The KNN from K0.55Na0.55NbO3 showed typical ferroelectric P–E hysteresis and field-induced strain loops. 2Pr 2Ec values 14 µC/cm2 140 kV/cm, respectively. From slope butterfly loop,...

Folic acid-functionalized Fe3O4 nanoparticles (FA-Fe3O4 NPs) were synthesized from iron(III) 3-allylacetylacetonate (IAA) through in situ hydrolysis and ligand modification, by applying the principle of "click chemistry". The γ-carboxylic acid FA was successfully bound to NPs without loss α-carboxylic group folic (FA), which has an affinity for folate receptors (FRs) expressed on tumor cells. monodisperse, their size controlled varying conditions IAA hydrolysis. FA-Fe3O4 NPs, had diameters 8...

Cysteine-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Cys-Fe3O4 NPs) were synthesized by the one-pot biofunctionalization of allyl-functionalized NPs (allyl-Fe3O4) with cysteine using in situ hydrolysis−condensation iron(III) allylacetylacetonate and thiol−ene click reaction. The particle size Cys-Fe3O4 measured transmission electron microscopy X-ray diffraction analysis was ∼8 nm. soluble water had a hydrodynamic diameter 22 nm prolonged stability water. They superparamagnetic, which confirmed fitting...

Improved techniques for local administration of anticancer drugs are needed to reduce the side effects chemotherapy owing leakage from tumors and enhance therapeutic efficacy. This study presents development smart ferrofluid that transforms immediately into a gel in generates heat response an alternating magnetic field (AMF), simultaneously releasing drug. The ferrofluid, which is synthesized using less toxic materials (Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles), natural polysaccharides (alginate), amino acids...

Lead-free ferroelectric K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN) thin films have been synthesized by the chemical solution deposition. The optimization of excess amounts K and Na in KNN precursor solutions was found to be effective for achieving perovskite single-phase with improved leakage current properties. It revealed from Raman spectroscopic analysis data that a change scattering mode observed fabricated under various processing conditions. This due composition fluctuation after heat treatment. properties...

Abstract BiFeO 3 -based materials are expected to have both ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism simultaneously. In this study, ceramics been fabricated by the solid state reaction. The effect of BaTiO content in -BaTiO system on crystal structure, magnetic properties electrical were investigated. Perovskite was stabilized through formation solution with . Rhombohedrally distorted showed weak ferromagnetism. resistivity resultant greatly improved a small amount Mn doping. 0.8 mol% Mn-doped...

The electronic structure of multiferroic ${\text{BiFeO}}_{3}$ has been studied using soft x-ray emission spectroscopy. fluorescence spectra exhibit that the valence band is mainly composed $\text{O}\text{ }2p$ state hybridized with $\text{Fe}\text{ }3d$ state. gap corresponding to energy separation between top and bottom conduction 1.3 eV. Raman scattering reflects features due charge-transfer transition from band. These findings are similar result calculation by density-functional theory...

Crack‐free SBN (Sr x Ba 1‐x Nb 2 O 6 ) thin films have been prepared by a sol–gel method with metal alkoxides. A homogeneous and stable precursor solution was obtained from Sr Nb(OEt) 5 in ethanol key additive of ethoxyethanol. (where = 0.5) powder crystallized to orthorhombic phase at 700°C, then transformed completely tetragonal 1200°C. The formation observed on sapphire (R) substrates whereas the began appear powders 1000°C. highly preferred orientation were successfully synthesized MgO...

Crack‐free Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) thin films with preferred orientation were prepared successfully on MgO (100), SrTiO and Pt/Ti/SiO 2 /Si substrates from metal alkoxide solutions. Calcination of precursor in a H O─‐O gas mixture was found to be effective not only for low‐temperature crystallization perovskite PZT, but also obtaining the PZT films. Single‐phase high synthesized (100) at 550° 600°C h, respectively. The film substrate showed permittivity 520, tan δ 0.03, remanent polarization 24...

Amorphous BN that contains hydrogen could be synthesized by pressure pyrolysis of borazine below 700°C at 100 MPa. The fraction B and N bonded to H in the product controlled changing condition. MPa showed formation B‐N‐B bonds hexagonal structure amorphous state with some B‐H N‐H bonding remaining. Spherulitic prepared only 400°C yield from was as high about 60% this pyrolysis. formed readily converted cubic reacting it AIN 1200°C 6.5 GPa.

Ferroelectric BiFeO3–PbTiO3 thin films with near morphotropic phase boundary composition were synthesized on Pt/TiOx/SiO2/Si substrates by chemical solution deposition. Perovskite single-phase successfully fabricated at 600 °C optimizing several processing conditions, such as the PbTiO3 content. Typical ferroelectric polarization-electric field (P-E) hysteresis loops observed for (1−x)BiFeO3–xPbTiO3 (x=0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) films, which contained some leakage current components room...

Abstract Red blood cells (RBCs) are able to avoid filtration in the spleen prolong their half‐time body because of flexibility and unique shape, or a concave disk with diameter some 10 μm. In addition, they can flow through capillary vessels, which smaller than RBCs, by morphing into parachute‐like shape. this study, flexible RBC‐like polymer particles synthesized electrospraying based on electrospinning. Furthermore, magnetite nanoparticles fluorescent dye encapsulated via situ hydrolysis...

Magnetic-resonance-imaging (MRI)-guided magnetic thermochemotherapy is a potentially invasive technique combining diagnosis and treatment. It requires the development of multifunctional nanoparticles with (1) biocompatibility, (2) high relaxivity, (3) heat-generation power, (4) controlled drug release, (5) tumor targeting. Here, we show synthesis such ("Core–Shells") feasibility MRI-guided using synthesized nanoparticles. "Tight" iron-oxide nanoparticle clustering to zero interparticle...

Exploiting exogenous and endogenous stimulus‐responsive degradable nanoparticles as drug carriers can improve delivery systems (DDSs). The use of hollow may facilitate degradation, combination DDS with photodynamic therapy (PDT) photothermal (PTT) enhance the anticancer effects treatments. Here, a one‐pot synthetic method is presented for an (doxorubicin [DOX]) photosensitizer‐containing hybrid (HNPs) disulfide siloxane framework formed in response to (light) (intracellular glutathione...

Perovskite potassium tantalate niobate (KTN) powders and thin films were synthesized from a metal alkoxide solution. Homogeneous KTN coating solutions prepared KOC 2 H 5 , Ta(OC ) Nb(OC in absolute ethanol. The precursor crystallized to pyrochlore at ∼ 650°C, then perovskite 750°C, depending upon Ta:Nb ratio. O vapor during calcination was found play prominent role the direct predominant crystallization of with preferred orientation. Highly oriented structure successfully on MgO (100)...

Perovskite (1-x)BiFeO3–xPbTiO3 thin films have been synthesized by the chemical solution deposition of metalorganic compounds. Homogeneous and stable BiFeO3–PbTiO3 precursor solutions were prepared selecting appropriate starting materials 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent. powder samples with composition ranging from x=0.1 to 0.5 showed weak ferromagnetism at room temperature. single-phase on Pt/TiOx/SiO2/Si substrates good surface morphology also fabricated optimizing PbTiO3 content....