Surface ozone (O3), one of the harmful air pollutants, generated significantly negative effects on human health and plants. Existing O3 datasets with coarse spatiotemporal resolution limited coverage, uncertainties influential factors seriously restrain related epidemiology pollution studies. To tackle above issues, we proposed a novel scheme to estimate daily concentrations fine grid scale (1 km × 1 km) from 2018 2020 across China based machine learning methods using hourly observed...

Abstract Spanwise heterogeneity in surface roughness generates secondary mean flows a rough-wall turbulent boundary layer. This study investigates the influence of spanwise wavelength on \textcolor{blue}{arrangement} these using Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS). We systematically vary wavelength, $S/\delta$, from $\pi/16$ to $2\pi$, while maintaining constant height and coverage density. Here, $S$ represents $\delta$ denotes \textcolor{blue}{the outer length scale, which this case is...

Bias flow of molten metal in slab mold caused by unstable from submerged entry nozzle can deteriorate the quality during continuous casting. In this study, a novel electromagnetic swirling (EMSFN) technique, which utilizes force to stabilize and subsequently control mold, is proposed. The mechanism for controlling through EMSFN explored numerical simulation water model experiments. results, it shown that steel rotated under effect magnetic field flows into along upper edge outlet, weakens...

In the present work, a numerical investigation on coaxial shallow borehole heat exchanger based Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique in Hefei city of China has been performed. The effects design parameters, including inlet flow rate, fluid temperature, inner pipe material and outer diameter, transfer performance were systematically studied. Besides, thermal behavior along carefully examined with focus short-circuiting phenomena. When velocity is less than critical value, turbulence...

The mixing-layer analogy is due to Raupach, Finnigan & Brunet ( Boundary-Layer Meteorol. , vol. 25, 1996, pp. 351–382). In the analogy, flow in roughness sublayer of a homogeneous deep vegetation canopy boundary layer analogous plane mixing rather than surface layer. Evidence for includes inflected velocity profile, which resembles profile layer, and, most notably, following estimate as result Kelvin–Helmholtz instability: $\varLambda _x=8.1L_s$ where _x$ spacing large-scale eddies, and...

Forced convection induced by mold electromagnetic stirrer (M-EMS) improves solidification structure in continuous casting of high carbon square billet, but vigorous stirring also causes macrosegregation. In this study, swirling flow nozzle (EMSFN) was applied together with the M-EMS to optimize field and temperature distribution mold. The industrial test results showed that when directions two devices were opposite current parameter EMSFN device 50 Hz, 400 A, equiaxed crystal ratio increased...

Direct numerical simulation (DNS) data are considered a reliable source of information and commonly used to develop validate models. This paper explores the uncertainties in DNS for channel flow. We examine how way we discretize flow direction normal walls affects results. Our findings indicate that basic measurements like mean turbulence level very accurate. However, there when looking at more complex energy dissipation, which can be influenced by factors such as methods used, distribution...

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide additive manufacturing-based solutions for preparation elastomeric foam with broaden compressive stress plateau. Design/methodology/approach Mechanic models are developed obtaining designs cell units enhanced elastic buckling. An experimental approach taken fabricate the foams based on direct ink writing technique. Experimental and simulation data collected assist understanding our proposals solutions. Findings A simple tetragonal structured...

Large-eddy simulation (LES) has been used to model turbulent channel flow over urban-like, fractal topographies, constructed via iterated function system (IFS). By using the IFS approach, topography dimension, D, and a desired number of generations, Ng, can be nominated priori. The topographies considered herein all featured same central square-based block for generation one, while predefined changes mapping altered descendant thus dimension. We selected five dimensions range, 1≤D≤2, where...

Metal additive manufacturing has enabled geometrically complex internal cooling channels for turbine and heat exchanger applications, but the process gives rise to large-scale roughness whose size is comparable channel height (which 500 $\mathrm {\mu }$ m). These super-rough pose previously unseen challenges experimental measurements, data interpretation modelling. First, it not clear if measurements at a particular streamwise spanwise location still provide accurate representation of mean...

A strategy of the combination Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) and Building Information Model (BIM) technology was proposed to evaluate wind environment around a building with complex façades for green assessment. The Science Education located at Emerald Lake Campus Hefei University Technology in China selected as case study. Two modeling methods, refined by BIM software (BIM model) traditional simplified computer aided design (simplified model, referred SM model), were considered....

Continuous urbanization and industrialization lead to plenty of rural residents migrating cities for a living, which seriously accelerated the population hollowing issues. This generated series social issues, including residential estate idle numerous vigorous laborers from undeveloped areas wealthy towns. Quantitatively determining characteristic is priority task realizing revitalization. However, traditional field investigation methods have obvious deficiencies in describing socio-economic...

Direct numerical simulations are performed to study the behavior of wake behind a 5:2 streamwise rotating prolate spheroid. The Reynolds number Re = 1000 under different rotational speeds over large range 0≤Ω≤3 is considered, where Ω non-dimensional speed based on freestream velocity and volume-equivalent diameter By successively increasing speed, seven distinct flow regimes were identified explored: steady state, low-speed rotation axisymmetric high-speed twofold symmetrical state (TFRS),...

The submerged entry nozzle (SEN) is an indispensable functional structural ceramic in the current continuous casting production. stability and safety of SEN very important during process. In this article, failure process bearing steel GCr15 studied. results show that caused by clogging inside which led low cleanliness high impurities n molten steel. can be divided into solidified area, loose dense surface area. To improve castability or other high‐cleanliness steel, it necessary to...

Introduction. In the real case, it is well known that there exists an intimate relation between poles of complex powers polynomial functions and roots b-functions (cf. [B]). Many examples suggest a similar them would exist also in p-adic case. Recently case polynomials over field two variables has been closely examined F. Loeser [L], W. Veys [V]). this paper we shall deal with relative invariants prehomogeneous vector spaces field. Let us explain our problem more precisely. K be field, i.e.,...