We performed a prospective, randomised controlled trial of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty comparing the performance Acrobot system with conventional surgery. A total 27 patients (28 knees) awaiting were randomly allocated to have operation conventionally or assistance Acrobot. The primary outcome measurement was angle tibiofemoral alignment in coronal plane, measured by CT. Other secondary parameters evaluated and are reported. All group had plane within 2° planned position, while only...

As men age, their prostates can enlarge, causing urinary difficulty. Surgery to correct this [transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP)] is a skilled and time-consuming operation requiring many repetitive motions cutter. A robot has been developed perform these motions, relieving surgeon much burden surgery. This tried both in laboratory later on human subjects proved itself capable performing resection. The Probot system consists on-line imaging three-dimensional model construction, an...

Surgeons need to be able measure angles and distances in three dimensions the planning assessment of knee replacement. Computed tomography (CT) offers accuracy needed but involves greater radiation exposure patients than traditional long-leg standing radiographs, which give very little information outside plane image. There is considerable variation CT doses between research centres, scanning protocols individual scanners, ethics committees are rightly demanding more consistency this area....

The performance of a novel “hands-on” robotic system for total knee replacement (TKR) surgery is evaluated. An integrated accurately machining the bone surfaces in TKR described. Details system, comprising an “active constraint” robot, called Acrobot, “gross positioning” and patient clamps, are provided. intraoperative protocol preoperative, CT-based, planning also A number anatomical registration cutting trials, using plastic bones, described, followed by results from two preliminary...

A "hands-on" robotic system for total knee replacement (TKR) surgery is presented. computer tomography-based preoperative planning software used to accurately plan the procedure. Intraoperatively, surgeon guides a small special-purpose robot, called Acrobot, which mounted on gross positioning device. The Acrobot uses active constraint control, constrains motion predefined region, and thus allows safely cut bones fit TKR prosthesis with high precision. noninvasive anatomical registration...

A detailed appreciation of the left atrial/pulmonary venous (LA/PV) anatomy may be important in improving safety and success catheter ablation for AF. The aim this randomized study was to determine impact computed tomographic (CT) integration into an electroanatomic mapping (EAM) system on clinical outcome patients undergoing atrial fibrillation (AF).Eighty with AF were undergo first-time wide encirclement ipsilateral PV pairs using EAM alone (40 patients) or CT patients, Cartomerge). Wide...

Robotic surgery can be carried out automatically by using a robot to move the cutting tool under position control. However, although surgeon observe procedure on visual display and has ability stop operation in an emergency, he little direct contact with task. An alternative approach is involve more directly, his moving active force The then used allow motion preprogrammed regions, back-driving motors, while preventing prohibited areas. This constraint (or ACROBOT) described this paper...

Orientation of the acetabular component influences wear, range movement and incidence dislocation after total hip replacement (THR). During surgery, such orientation is often referenced to anterior pelvic plane (APP), but APP inclination relative coronal (pelvic tilt) varies substantially between individuals. In contrast, change in tilt from supine standing (dPT) small for nearly all Therefore, THR performed with patient patient's parallel operating table, we propose that freehand placement...

Periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) for hip dysplasia aims to reposition the acetabulum using four surgical cuts, increase femoral head coverage (FHC). We developed a novel 3D planner measure CT-based acetabular morphology and simulate PAO fragment position, FHC. evaluated how adjusting location, orientation impacts FHC bone contact. simulated 274 feasible PAOs on dysplastic hips. Posterior column ischial cuts were standardised, whilst iliac pubic cut combinations varied. The slope of was either...

Large-head metal-on-metal total hip replacement has a failure rate of almost 8% at five years, three times the revision conventional replacement. Unexplained pain remains feature this type arthroplasty. All designs femoral component large-head replacements share unique characteristic: subtended angle 120° defining proportion sphere that head represents. Using MRI, we measured contact area iliopsoas tendon on in sagittal reconstruction 20 hips patients with symptomatic femoroacetabular...

The concepts and benefits of hands-on robotic surgery active-constraint robotics are introduced. argument is made for systems to be cost effective simple in order that they can justified a large range surgical procedures. case have clear justification, with compared those from cheaper navigation systems. need robust systems, require little training no technical presence the operating room, also discussed. An active constraint medical robot, Acrobot System, described together its use...

The aim of the study was to investigate varus and normal knee morphologies identify differences that may affect replacement alignment or design for knees.Computed tomography scans knees were analyzed, geometric shapes, points axes fit femur tibia independently. These then projected in three anatomical planes measure variations between two groups.In femur, had less femoral anteversion (p < 0.0001) a larger medial extension facet 0.05) compared with knees. In tibia, tubercle found be...

Catheter positioning and stability are recognized challenges in catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AF). This prospective randomized study assessed whether routinely using a steerable sheath affects procedure outcomes.Fifty-six AF patients were to either an Agilis NXT (St Jude Medical, St Paul, MN, USA) or fixed-curve Mullins (Cook Medical Inc., Bloomington, IN, for the catheter. A mapping system with CT integration was used isolate pulmonary veins (PVs) pairs further performed if...

A randomised clinical trial has been completed for uni-condylar arthroplasty. The trial, under the auspices of UK MHRA, comprised 15 knees patients undergoing conventional surgery, and 13 who had robotic surgery using Acrobot® hands-on system. results were checked by comparing post-op CT scans with pre-op CT-based plans, show a significant improvement in accuracy robot. technical concept approach is also described. Details complete system are outlined, including pre-operative planner. plan...

High-volume unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) surgeons have lower revision rates, in part due to improved intra-operative component alignment. This study set out determine whether PSI might allow non-expert achieve the same level of accuracy as expert surgeons. Thirty-four surgical trainees with no prior experience UKA, and four high-volume UKA were asked perform tibial saw cuts for a medial sawbone model using both conventional patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) aim achieving...

A special-purpose robot system has been developed for neurosurgery. It contains control mechanisms from flight-simulator experience to allow precise motion and force-control using very low-force input. The constrains the tool a safe region methods robotic surgery. These regions are defined pre-operatively MRI segmentation techniques with help of simulator, ROBO-SIM. intraoperative target location is tracked in real-time ultrasound transducers. By applying updates probe, safety maintained by...