<h3>Abstract</h3> <b>Objective</b> To develop and test optimal Medline search strategies for retrieving sound clinical studies on prevention or treatment of health disorders. <b>Design</b> Analytical survey. <b>Data sources</b> 161 journals indexed in the year 2000. <b>Main outcome measures</b> Sensitivity, specificity, precision, accuracy 4862 unique terms 18 404 combinations. <b>Results</b> Only 1587 (24.2%) 6568 articles met criteria testing interventions. Combinations reached peak...

The effect of animal-assisted activities (AAA) on the animal participants has been minimally investigated, and welfare these animals questioned. To enhance our understanding animals' welfare, we measured cortisol collected from serial saliva samples 15 healthy adult dogs registered with an AAA organization. We every 30 min before, during, after a standardized 60-min session across three settings: (activity) for college students in communal area residence hall, novel located room without...

Background The prevalence and progression of vascular complications spontaneous diabetes mellitus ( DM ) in dogs have not been described. Objectives To investigate the effects duration disease, as estimated by time since diagnosis, glycemic control on systemic hypertension, proteinuria, diabetic retinopathy with . Animals Seventeen client‐owned Methods Prospective, longitudinal observational study. Dogs less than 1 year's were recruited evaluated once every 6 months for 24 months. Recorded...

Background Intramedullary neoplasms of the canine spinal cord are infrequently reported. Objective To describe distribution, clinicopathologic characteristics, radiographic findings, and clinical features intramedullary tumors. Methods Retrospective series histologically confirmed Contingency tables were generated for categorical variables (breed, sex, treatment, pain, chief complaint, localization, histology, imaging, site). Associations assessed by F isher's exact, W ilcoxon rank sum test,...

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) RNA was detected in 6.3% and HEV IgG 40% of 5,033 serum samples from market-weight pigs at 25 slaughterhouses 10 US states. The prevalent genotype zoonotic 3, group 2. Blood HEV-viremic may contaminate pork supply chains.

Obesity is becoming a major health concern in horses because of its associations with insulin resistance, oxidative stress/inflammation, and laminitis. However, there limited information on the prevalence obesity horses. The USDA National Animal Health Monitoring System (NAHMS) 1998 Equine study estimated that approximately 1.4% U.S. horse population overweight or obese. purpose this was to determine subpopulation Virginia. A random sample 300 mature, Light Breed (140 mares, 151 geldings, 9...

Cementless total hip implants are relatively new to the veterinary market and therefore complication rates prognostic indicators associated with procedure have not been thoroughly documented. The objective of this study was determine prevalence complications identify success or failure for Zurich cementless replacement (THR). Medical records 163 dogs that underwent cementless-THR were reviewed; continuous categorical variables, clinical outcomes recorded. Complications separated into...

To investigate the serum and synovial fluid amyloid A (SAA) response in equine models of synovitis septic arthritis to compare handheld validated immunoturbidometric assays for SAA quantification.Controlled, experimental study.Healthy adult horses (n = 9).Synovitis 4) 5) were induced using lipopolysaccharide Staphylococcus aureus, respectively, serial samples collected. Serial cytology was performed both from model submitted bacterial culture. Serum quantified by test assay. Cytologic data...

Tendinopathies are common and difficult to resolve due the formation of scar tissue that reduces mechanical integrity tissue, leading frequent reinjury. Tenocytes respond both excessive loading unloading by producing pro-inflammatory mediators, suggesting these cells actively involved in development tendon degeneration. The transcription factor scleraxis (Scx) is required for force-transmitting during mechanically stimulated tenogenesis stem cells, but its function adult tenocytes less...

The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been increasing in the general population, and there is concern that close or physical contact, such as professional collegiate sports, may increase spread MRSA. We sought to determine MRSA colonization male female athletes from 9 different sports at a major, Division I University during 12-week period, USA SCCmec type select isolates.Swabs for culture were obtained nasal, axillary, inguinal sites healthy, asymptomatic...

ABSTRACT Adipose‐derived stromal vascular fraction (SVF) is a heterogeneous population of cells that yields homogeneous plastic‐adherent adipose tissue‐derived (ASC) when culture‐expanded. SVF and ASC have been used clinically to improve tendon healing, yet their mechanism action not fully elucidated. The objective this study was investigate the potential for act as trophic mediators healing. Flexor digitorum superficialis tendons tissue were harvested from adult horses obtain SVF, ASC,...

Abstract Meningiomas are the most common feline primary brain tumours, and calvarial hyperostosis (CH) is frequently documented in association with this neoplastic entity. The clinical significance of mechanisms driving formation CH cats meningiomas poorly understood, although tumour invasion into skull production cytokines enzymes have been implicated as causes humans. This retrospective study investigated relationships between signalment, MRI or CT imaging features, histopathologic...

We evaluated the diagnostic sensitivity of ultrasound, nonenhanced computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in detecting wooden foreign bodies canine manus. Identical splinters were manually inserted into 30 cadaver manus, limbs using CT, MR by independent observers. All sites rated as positive or negative for presence a body, observer certainty was scored on 1–10 scale. Using receiver operating characteristic analysis, CT most accurate modality detection overall within...

Pancreatitis is a common disease in cats that difficult to diagnose.To determine the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonographic changes pancreas with serum feline pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (fPLI) as standard for diagnosis pancreatitis.35 clinical signs consistent pancreatitis an abdominal ultrasound examination fPLI concentration measured within 3 days ultrasound.Retrospective study: Pancreatic thickness, margination, echogenicity, peripancreatic fat echogenicity were...

There is a high prevalence of Taenia solium taeniosis/cysticercosis in humans and pigs the Eastern Cape Province (ECP) South Africa. The objective this study was to identify risk factors porcine cysticercosis select districts ECP. Data were collected 2003 by interviewing 217 pig producers from area. Blood samples 261 their pigs, which tested using two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for presence antibodies cysticercosis. Frequencies both owner- pig-level characteristics...

Ultrasound examination is commonly used in the diagnostic evaluation of liver disease dogs.To determine if hepatic sonographic features were predictive findings on histopathology. We hypothesized that there would be a relationship between and category based histologic assessment.One hundred thirty-eight dogs which was evaluated by both abdominal ultrasound histopathologic examination. Twenty-five included each following categories histopathology: normal, degenerative, vascular, inflammatory,...

Synovitis is a major component of osteoarthritis and driven primarily by macrophages. Synovial macrophages are crucial for joint homeostasis (M2-like phenotype), but induce inflammation (M1-like) when regulatory functions become overwhelmed. Macrophage phenotypes in synovium from osteoarthritic healthy joints poorly characterized; however, comparative knowledge their during health disease paramount developing targeted treatments. This study compared patterns macrophage activation equine...

We examined the effect of maternal Toxoplasma gondii infection on behavior and neurotransmitter concentrations congenitally infected CD-1 mice at 4 8 wk age when latent tissue cysts would be present in their brains. Because sex-associated behavioral changes that develop during aging, female were compared with control females male males. Only short memory (distance between goal box first hole investigated) T. was significantly different (P < 0.05) from uninfected males both by using Barnes...

Pilot studies in our laboratory revealed that furosemide‐induced renin‐angiotensin‐aldosterone system ( RAAS ) activation was not attenuated by the subsequent co‐administration of benazepril. This study designed to evaluate effect benazepril on angiotensin‐converting enzyme ACE activity and circulating activation. Our hypothesis suppression would suppress activation, indicated urinary aldosterone concentration. Ten healthy hound dogs were used this study. The furosemide (2 mg/kg p.o., q12h;...

Although extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) is a common treatment for horses with back pain, effects on mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) and multifidus muscle cross sectional area (CSA) in the spine are unknown.To evaluate of ESWT spinal MNT CSA thoracolumbar pain.Non-randomised trial.Thoracolumbar spines 12 pain were radiographed to document existing pathology. Each horse received three treatments, 2 weeks apart (days 0, 14, 28). Palpation scores documented 45 65)....

Abstract Background Dengue virus (DENV) is estimated to infect 390 million people annually. However, few host factors that alter disease severity are known. Malnutrition, defined as both over- and undernutrition, a growing problem worldwide has long been linked dengue by epidemiological anecdotal observations. Accordingly, we sought establish mouse model assess the impact of nutritional status on DENV severity. Results Using transiently immunocompromised mice, established mild with...

Acetaminophen has been used clinically in horses alone or combined with traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for treatment of musculoskeletal pain horses.To determine the pharmacokinetics and efficacy acetaminophen at two doses mechanically induced lameness compared phenylbutazone placebo control.In vivo experiment.Nine healthy mares mechanical via a reversible sole pressure horseshoe model were treated (20 mg/kg PO; A20), (30 A30), (2.2 mg/kg, PB) oral (C) randomised four-way...