A5061928992- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Diamond and Carbon-based Materials Research
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Climate variability and models
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing
- Metal and Thin Film Mechanics
- Infrared Target Detection Methodologies
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Semiconductor materials and devices
- Remote-Sensing Image Classification
- Remote Sensing and Land Use
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Climate change and permafrost
- Optical Polarization and Ellipsometry
- Optical and Acousto-Optic Technologies
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Ion-surface interactions and analysis
Langley Research Center
2016-2025
University of Maryland, College Park
2014-2023
University of Washington
2022
Bellingham Technical College
2018
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2002-2017
Goddard Space Flight Center
2014
Beijing Normal University
2014
Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth
2014
Fukuda Denshi (Japan)
2014
Florida State University
2014
The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) forms the main infrared sounding component of European Organisation for Exploitation Meteorological Satellites's (EUMETSAT's) Operation (MetOp)-A satellite (Klaes et al. 2007), which was launched in October 2006. This article presents results first 4 yr operational IASI mission. performance instrument is shown to be exceptional terms calibration and stability. quality data has allowed rapid use observations numerical weather prediction...
The transition from microcrystalline to nanocrystalline diamond films grown Ar/H2/CH4 microwave plasmas has been investigated. Both the cross-section and plan-view micrographs of scanning electron microscopy reveal that surface morphology, grain size, growth mechanism depend strongly on ratio Ar H2 in reactant gases. Microcrystalline size columnar have observed produced discharges with low concentrations By contrast, a high concentration gases consist phase pure diamond, which characterized...
Nanocrystalline diamond thin films have been synthesized in an Ar–CH4 microwave discharge, without the addition of molecular hydrogen. X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and energy loss spectroscopy characterizations show that consist a pure crystalline phase with very small grain sizes ranging from 3 to 20 nm. Atomic force microscopy analysis demonstrates surfaces nanocrystalline remain smooth independent film thicknesses. Furthermore, reactant gas pressure, which strongly...
Nanocrystalline diamond films have been synthesized by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition using N2/CH4 as the reactant gas without additional H2. The nanocrystalline phase has identified x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy analyses. High resolution secondary ion mass spectroscopy employed to measure incorporated nitrogen concentrations up 8×1020 atoms/cm3. Electron field emission measurements give an onset low 3.2 V/μm. effect of on characteristics is discussed.
Modern infrared satellite sensors such as the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS), Cross-Track (CrIS), Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES), Geosynchronous Imaging Fourier Transform (GIFTS), and Sounding Interferometer (IASI) are capable of providing high spatial spectral resolution spectra. To fully exploit vast amount information from these instruments, superfast radiative transfer models needed. We present a novel model based on principal component analysis. Instead predicting channel...
Abstract While current atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) still treat the surface as a blackbody in their longwave radiation scheme, recent studies suggest need for taking realistic spectral emissivity into account. There have been few measurements available far IR (<650 cm−1). Based on first-principle calculation, authors compute over entire spectrum variety of types. MODIS-retrieved mid-IR at 0.05° × spatial resolution is then regressed against calculated to determine...
Ultraspectral resolution infrared (IR) radiances obtained from nadir observations provide information about the atmosphere, surface, aerosols, and clouds. Surface spectral emissivity (SSE) surface skin temperature current future operational satellites can will reveal critical Earth's ecosystem land-surface-type properties, which might be utilized as a means of long-term monitoring environment global climate change. In this study, fast radiative transfer models applied to atmosphere under all...
Abstract A fast physically based dual-regression (DR) method is developed to produce, in real time, accurate profile and surface- cloud-property retrievals from satellite ultraspectral radiances observed for both clear- cloudy-sky conditions. The DR relies on using empirical orthogonal function (EOF) regression “clear trained” “cloud of surface skin temperature, surface-emissivity EOF coefficients, carbon dioxide concentration, cloud-top altitude, effective cloud optical depth, atmospheric...
The Single Field of View (SFOV) ozone (O3) profiles derived from the Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS) onboard Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership (SNPP), with a high horizontal resolution approximately 14 km at nadir and good sensitivity to O3 in upper troposphere lower stratosphere (UTLS), provide prominent opportunity examine (STT) transport. A process-oriented analysis was performed fine-scale features stratospheric intrusion (SI) event on June 11–13, 2017 southwestern US using...
Retrieval of temperature, moisture profiles and surface skin temperature from hyperspectral infrared (IR) radiances requires spectral information about the emissivity. Using constant or inaccurate emissivities typically results in large profile errors, particularly over semi‐arid arid areas where variation emissivity is both spectrally spatially. A physically based algorithm has been developed to retrieve a IR spectrum simultaneously with profiles, as well temperature. To make solution...
Abstract. Infrared ultra-spectral spectrometers have brought in a new era satellite remote atmospheric sounding capability. During the 1970s, after implementation of first instruments, it became evident that much higher vertical resolution information was needed to be able forecast life and property threatening localized severe weather. The demonstration radiance measurement technology required achieve began 1985, with aircraft flights High Interferometer Sounder (HIS) instrument....
Abstract We describe the daily evolution of three‐dimensional (3D) structure a major dust outbreak initiated by an extratropical cyclone over East Asia in early March 2008, using new aerosol retrievals derived from satellite observations IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer). A novel auto‐adaptive Tikhonov‐Phillips‐type approach called AEROIASI is used to retrieve vertical profiles extinction coefficient at 10 µm for most cloud‐free pixels, both land and ocean. The distribution...
Abstract A physical inversion scheme has been developed dealing with cloudy as well cloud-free radiance observed ultraspectral infrared sounders to simultaneously retrieve surface, atmospheric thermodynamic, and cloud microphysical parameters. fast radiative transfer model, which applies the clouded atmosphere, is used for profile parameter retrieval. one-dimensional (1D) variational multivariable solution improve an iterative background state defined by eigenvector-regression The iterated...
Abstract. The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) is an ultra-spectral satellite sensor with 8461 spectral channels. IASI spectra contain high information content on atmospheric, cloud, and surface properties. instrument presents a challenge for using thousands of channels in physical retrieval system or Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) data assimilation system. In this paper we describe method simultaneously retrieving atmospheric temperature, moisture, cloud properties...
Aggregators rely on votes, and links to select present subsets of the large quantity news opinion items generated each day. Opinion topic diversity in output sets can provide individual societal benefits, but simply selecting most popular may not yield as much is overall pool votes links. In this paper, we define three metrics that address different dimensions diversity: inclusion, non-alienation, proportional representation. We then Sidelines algorithm – which temporarily suppresses a...
Abstract. Advanced satellite sensors are tasked with improving global-scale measurements of the Earth's atmosphere, clouds, and surface to enable enhancements in weather prediction, climate monitoring, environmental change detection. Measurement system validation is crucial achieving this goal maximizing research operational utility resultant data. Field campaigns employing under-flights well-calibrated Fourier Transform Spectrometer (FTS) aboard high-altitude aircraft an essential part...
A fast and accurate principal component-based radiative transfer model in the solar spectral region (PCRTM-SOLAR) has been developed. The algorithm is capable of simulating reflected spectra both clear sky cloudy atmospheric conditions. Multiple scattering beam by multilayer clouds aerosols are calculated using a discrete ordinate scheme. PCRTM-SOLAR can be trained to simulate top-of-atmosphere radiance or reflectance with resolution ranging from 1 cm-1 few nanometers. Broadband radiances...
Abstract This paper presents a novel optimization design approach for auger drill bits, integrating Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Screening Techniques. combined not only enhances the geometric parameters material properties but also improves drilling efficiency wear resistance significantly over traditional approaches. The goal is to improve bit’s enhance efficiency, resistance, processing accuracy. study begins by defining boundary conditions bit conducting finite element analysis....
The National Polar-Orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Airborne Sounder Testbed (NAST) consists of two passive collocated cross-track scanning instruments, an infrared interferometer (NAST-I) and a microwave radiometer (NAST-M), that fly onboard high-altitude aircraft such as the NASA ER-2 at altitude near 20 km. NAST-I provides relatively high spectral resolution (0.25-cm(-1)) measurements in 645-2700-cm(-1) region with moderate spatial (a linear equal to 13% nadir)...
We report the systematic comparison of optical emission intensity vibrational band Swan system with absolute concentration in and microwave plasmas used deposition nanocrystalline diamond. The is obtained using white-light absorption spectroscopy. Emission correlates linearly density for variations several plasma parameters across two decades species concentration. Although generally not an accurate quantitative diagnostic gas phase concentrations, these results confirm reliability (0,0)...
A future hyperspectral resolution remote imaging and sounding system, called the GIFTS, is described. An airborne which produces type of data to be achieved with has been flown on high altitude aircraft. Results from simulations measurements are presented demonstrate revolutionary capabilities realized satellite imaging/sounding systems.
High‐spectral resolution measurements from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) onboard EOS (Earth Observing System) Aqua satellite provide unique information about atmospheric state, surface and cloud properties. This paper presents an AIRS alone single field‐of‐view (SFOV) retrieval algorithm to simultaneously retrieve temperature, humidity ozone profiles under all weather conditions, as well cloud‐top pressure (CTP) cloudy skies. For optically thick conditions above‐cloud soundings are...
Abstract. Atmospheric thermodynamic parameters, such as atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles, cloud optical/microphysical properties, surface properties are basic meteorological variables for weather forecasting. In addition, they critical parameters in tropospheric chemistry studies. A physical, geophysical parameter retrieval scheme dealing with cloudy cloud-free radiances observed satellite ultraspectral infrared sounders has been developed to determine simultaneously surface,...