A5103004727- Gut microbiota and health
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Phytochemical Studies and Bioactivities
- Steroid Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Asymmetric Synthesis and Catalysis
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Molecular spectroscopy and chirality
- Digestive system and related health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Chemical Synthesis and Analysis
- Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Advanced Glycation End Products research
- Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Phytochemical compounds biological activities
- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- Helicobacter pylori-related gastroenterology studies
- Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Network Time Synchronization Technologies
- Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
- Polymer Science and PVC
Stanford University
2024-2025
RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences
2017-2024
RIKEN
2024
Hitachi (Japan)
2002-2022
Keio University
2017-2021
RELX Group (United States)
2017
The University of Tokyo
1969-2012
Okayama University
2010
Keio University Hospital
2008
Tokyo Women's Medical University
1975-1998
Abstract Insulin resistance is the primary pathophysiology underlying metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes 1,2 . Previous metagenomic studies have described characteristics of gut microbiota their roles in metabolizing major nutrients insulin 3–9 In particular, carbohydrate metabolism commensals has been proposed to contribute up 10% host’s overall energy extraction 10 , thereby playing a role pathogenesis obesity prediabetes 3,4,6 Nevertheless, mechanism remains unclear. Here we...
Background & AimsWe investigate interrelationships between gut microbes, metabolites, and cytokines that characterize COVID-19 its complications, we validate the results with follow-up, Japanese 4D (Disease, Drug, Diet, Daily Life) microbiome cohort, non-Japanese data sets.MethodsWe performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing metabolomics on stools cytokine measurements plasma from 112 hospitalized patients SARS-CoV-2 infection non–COVID-19 control individuals matched by important...
The intestine is the largest peripheral lymphoid organ in animals, including humans, and interacts with a vast array of microorganisms called gut microbiota. Comprehending symbiotic relationship between microbiota our immune system essential not only for field immunology but also understanding pathogenesis various systemic diseases, cancer, cardiometabolic disorders, extraintestinal autoimmune conditions. Whereas microbe-derived antigens are crucial activating intestinal system, particularly...
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease in which insulin-producing pancreatic β-cells are destroyed. Intestinal helminths can cause asymptomatic chronic and immunosuppressive infections suppress rodent models of T1D. However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms for this protection unclear. Here, we report that CD8+ T (Treg) cells prevent onset streptozotocin -induced by a intestinal nematode. Trehalose derived from nematodes affects microbiota increases abundance Ruminococcus spp.,...
TAKADA, TADAHIRO M.D, F.A.C.S.; YASUDA, HIDEKI M.D.; SHIKATA, JUN-ICHI M.D., WATANABE, SIN-ICHIRO SHIRATORI, KEIKO TAKEUCHI, TADASHI M.D. Author Information
Abstract The bacterial microbiota works as a community that consists of many individual organisms, i.e., cells. To fully understand the function microbiota, cells must be identified; however, it is difficult with current techniques. Here, we develop method, Barcoding Bacteria for Identification and Quantification (BarBIQ), which classifies single into taxa–named herein cell-based operational taxonomy units (cOTUs)–based on cellularly barcoded 16S rRNA sequences single-base accuracy,...
Daikenchuto (DKT) is one of the most widely used Japanese herbal formulae for various gastrointestinal disorders. It consists Zanthoxylum Fructus (Japanese pepper), Zingiberis Siccatum Rhizoma (processed ginger), Ginseng radix , and maltose powder. However, use DKT in clinical settings still controversial due to limited molecular evidence largely unknown therapeutic effects. Here, we investigated anti-inflammatory actions dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis model mice. We observed...
A water-soluble photoresponsive molecular glue, Azo-(18)Glue, consisting of a photochromic azobenzene core and two adhesive dendritic wedges with total 18 peripheral guanidinium ion (Gu(+)) pendants tightly adheres to the surface phospholipid membrane, even in buffer, via multivalent salt-bridge formation phosphate anions. photomechanical motion adhering Azo-(18)Glue possibly gives rise dynamic structural disordering membrane activates transmembrane permeation. In sharp contrast, no...
Abstract Background The gut microbiota plays an important role in the development of behavior and immunity infants juveniles. Early weaning (EW), a form social stress mice, leads to increased anxiety enhanced response hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis during adulthood. life also modulates immune system increases vulnerability infection. However, studies investigating causal relationships among juvenile stress, changes, behavioral deficits are limited. Therefore, we hypothesized that EW...
The onset of Th1 immunity is in part regulated by genetic background. To elucidate the cell type carrying critical factors determining response, we employed Rag-2−/− mice on Leishmania major-susceptible BALB/c and -resistant B10.D2 backgrounds. By using bone marrow (BM) chimeras generated transplantation BM cells into BALB/c-Rag-2−/− mice, vice versa, it was shown that hematopoietic carry disease outcome response against L. major infection. B10.D2-Rag-2−/− reconstituted with CD4+ T exhibited...
Abstract Two naturally occurring C 29 ‐brassinosteroids, 25‐methyldolichosterone ( 1 ) and 25‐methyl‐2,3‐diepidolichosterone 2 ), were synthesized from stigmasterol. 25‐Methylcastasterone 3 25‐methylbrassinolide 4 also synthesized, the latter was found to be a more potent plant growth‐regulator than brassinolide itself.
Sterols 1 were converted to 3α-5-cyclo-6-ones 4 via their mesylates and subsequent oxidation. Refluxing with sodium bromide/p-toluene sulfonic acid in dimethylformamide gave steroidal 2-en-6-ones 5, among which 5d is an important brassinolide intermediate.
Abstract The synthesis of (9 S ,10 R )‐epoxytrienes 1 and 2 as well their antipodes was achieved employing the asymmetric Sharpless epoxidation key step.