Several traffic modeling tools are currently available for evacuation planning and real-time decision support during emergencies. This paper reviews potential traffic-modeling approaches in the context of wildland–urban interface (WUI) fire-evacuation applications. Existing features evaluated pertaining to fire-related, spatial, demographic factors; intended application (planning or support); temporal issues. systematic review shows importance following approaches: dynamic structures,...

The remarkable impact that e-scooters have had on the transportation system drives research this phenomenon. widespread use of also poses several new safety issues, which should be necessarily studied. aim paper points in direction, investigating main contributing factors, causes, and patterns recorded e-scooter crashes, considering different crash types severity, using City Bari (Italy) as a case study. dataset based police reports referring to period July 2020–November 2022 (i.e., first...

The Urban Heat Island (UHI) phenomenon is commonly solved by implementing materials with optimal thermic and evapotranspiration properties which help decreasing the air temperature in dense urban areas. This approach has been applied this study, testing six different (replacing current Macadam) one parking area Bari (Italy), provides a large-scale testbed, means of thermal three-dimensional non-hydrostatic simulation: impervious asphalt pavement (IAP), permeable (APP), green (GP),...

Permeable-pavement design methodologies can improve the hydrologic and therefore environmental benefits of rural urban roadway systems. By contrast, conventional impervious pavements perturb cycle, altering relationship between rainfall loading runoff response. Impervious create a hydraulically conductive interface for transport traffic-generated chemicals particulate matter (PM), deleteriously impacting their proximate environments. systems are countermeasures to mitigate hydrologic,...

This paper represents an update to earlier research by the authors on a new method for analyzing friction of road vehicles. With third criterion Lamm as starting point, concept “friction capital” was introduced in previous work performance limit terms friction. named diagram method; its output is diagram, which percentage capital that vehicle uses traveling given road. During design step, could be used quantify risk skidding related layout. In this paper, investigate influence type because...

Drivers’ road familiarity is a safety-related factor. Familiar drivers may be prone to inattention and more dangerous behavior, whereas unfamiliar affected by demanding unexpected environments. Previous research adequately described the role of in driving behavior safety performances. However, relationships between drivers’ unfamiliarity issues design elements are still largely unexplored there lack dedicated experimental studies. In this work, database including run-off-road single-vehicle...

Emergencies such as the Covid-19 pandemic pose several decision-making issues, while clear evidence of successful strategies are still unavailable, different policies may be identified. However, in emergencies, preservation public health, by firstly reducing human loss life prioritized and then restrictive measures implemented. The trade-off between damage due to threat decrease lockdown is largely unexplored. Here we show that there a degree compensation from epidemic deaths traffic deaths,...

Traffic models can be used to study evacuation scenarios during wildland-urban interface fires and identify the ability of a community reach safe place. In those scenarios, wildfire smoke reduce visibility conditions on road. This have serious implications effectiveness since drivers would their speed in relation optical density To date, there is no traffic model which explicitly represents impact reduced flow. paper makes use an experimental dataset collected virtual reality environment...

The main purpose was to integrate two strategies for road safety analyses (qualitative: audits, inspections; and quantitative: accident predictions) develop a possible protocol the interventions on existing two-lane rural segments. Those sections do not typically belong TEN-network, which 2008/96/EC Directive is mainly oriented. Hence, they could lack of methods designing safety-based interventions. research questions were: integrated protocol, including: 1) HSM predictive method, 2) EU...

The installation of Traffic-Calming Devices (TCDs) is an extremely valuable countermeasure to prevent vulnerable road users from fatalities in urban contexts. Among all the TCDs, Berlin Speed Cushions (BSCs) seem be one most promising because they reduce speeds but do not affect emergency vehicles. However, previous research on BSCs limited and lacks some important aspects, such as analysis at different distances cushion or investigation influence other context variables. In this study,...

The need for improving urban road safety, livability, and sustainability is evident. Quantitative estimates qualitative methods/strategies can be used by safety practitioners to design interventions. This study proposes a flexible integrated framework interventions on existing segments intersections that integrates quantitative methods. proposed divided into four stages of the management process: End Network Screening, Diagnosis, Selection Countermeasures, Economic Assessment. Pilot...

(1) Run-off-road (ROR) crashes are a crucial issue worldwide, resulting in disproportionate number of traffic deaths. In safety research, macro-level analysis on large datasets is usually conducted by linking explanatory variables to ROR crash frequency/severity. Micro-analysis approaches, like the one used this study, instead less frequent. (2) A comprehensive Italian Fatal + Injury (FI) dataset was filtered identify two-way two-lane rural road curves national network which more than FI...

Safety Performance Functions (SPFs) play a key role in identifying hotspots. Most SPFs were built at the micro-level, such as for road intersections or segments. On other hand, case of regional transportation planning, it may be useful to estimate macro-level (e.g., counties, cities, towns) determine ad hoc intervention prioritizations. Hence, final aim this study is develop predictive framework, supported by SPFs, crash frequencies, and consequently possible priority areas interventions. At...

Crash data analyses based on accident datasets often do not include human-related variables because they can be hard to reconstruct from crash data. However, records of circumstances help for this purpose since crashes classified considering aberrant behavior and misconduct the drivers involved.

Abstract Background Urban safety performance functions are used to predict crash frequencies, mostly based on Negative Binomial (NB) count models. They could be differentiated for considering homogeneous subsets of segments/intersections and different predictors. Materials methods The main research questions concerned: a) finding the best possible segments intersections modelling, by discussing related problems inquiring into variability predictors within subsets; b) comparing modelling...