Sex and gender influence health differently. Associations between sex have been extensively studied, but (i.e. psychosocial sex) has largely neglected, partly due to the absence of measures in cohort studies. Therefore, our objective was test unique associations with common somatic symptoms chronic diseases, using a index created from existing data. We applied LASSO logistic regression identify, out 153 variables, variables that were predictive gender-related) Dutch LifeLines Cohort Study....

In clinical trials, study designs may focus on assessment of superiority, equivalence, or non-inferiority, a new medicine treatment as compared to control. Typically, evidence in each these paradigms is quantified with variant the null hypothesis significance test. A assumed (null effect, inferior by specific amount, amount and superior for equivalence respectively), after which probabilities obtaining data more extreme than those observed under hypotheses are p-values. Although ubiquitous...

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) uses a p < 0.05 null-hypothesis significance testing framework to evaluate "substantial evidence" for drug efficacy. This only allows dichotomous conclusions does not quantify the strength of evidence supporting efficacy FDA-approved antidepressants treatment anxiety disorders was re-evaluated in Bayesian that quantifies evidence. Data from 58 double-blind placebo-controlled trials were retrieved FDA second-generation disorders. Bayes factors (BFs)...

Efficient medical progress requires that we know when a treatment effect is absent. We considered all 207 Original Articles published in the 2015 volume of New England Journal Medicine and found 45 (21.7%) reported null result for at least one primary outcome measures. Unfortunately, standard statistical analyses are unable to quantify degree which these results actually support hypothesis. Such quantification possible, however, by conducting Bayesian hypothesis test. Here reanalyzed subset...

Background and aims Internet addiction (IA) depression commonly co-occur in adolescents, yet the mechanisms underlying their comorbidity remain unclear. This study to elucidate mechanism through network analysis, identifying bridge symptoms linking IA depression, exploring sex differences. Additionally, examines association between effortful control (EC) symptoms, providing insights for interventions. Methods A school-based survey was conducted among 7th 9th-grade students Japan....

Abstract Background It has been claimed that functional somatic syndromes share a common etiology. This prospective population-based study assessed whether the same variables predict new onsets of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), chronic fatigue (CFS) and fibromyalgia (FM). Methods The included 152 180 adults in Dutch Lifelines who reported presence/absence relevant at baseline follow-up. They were screened for physical psychological disorders, socio-demographic, psycho-social behavioral...

More than 40 questionnaires have been developed to assess functional somatic symptoms (FSS), but there are several methodological issues regarding the measurement of FSS. We aimed identify which items somatization subscale Symptom Checklist–90 (SCL-90) more informative and discriminative between persons at different levels severity To this end, item response theory was applied scale SCL-90, collected from a sample 82,740 adult participants without conditions in Lifelines Cohort Study....

Functional Somatic Symptoms (FSS) are somatic symptoms for which no cause can be identified despite adequate diagnostic testing. FSS common, costly, and disabling, treatment options limited. Psychotherapy is one of few evidence-based treatments FSS. Yet, this form therapy not widely used, since it usually reserved severe symptoms, requires a highly trained therapist, well accepted by patients. The current paper describes the development online intervention 'Grip self-help' provides...

This study aimed to explore the associations between cognitions, behaviours and affects fatigue in chronic syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME), their relation reduction of after cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT).In CFS/ME patients, 22 behaviours, cognitions affects, potentially perpetuating were registered 5 times a day using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) an actigraphy. Simultaneous Components Analysis (SCA) was used identify components perpetuation, that tested for with...

Abstract Though autism spectrum disorder (ASD) traits are associated with depression, it is unclear if school social capital mediates their association. We examined whether the association between ASD and moderation effect of sex on mediation among adolescents in a general population sample (1750 males, 1779 females; equivalent 12–15 years old). The results this study indicate that depression adolescents, partly mediated by capital. Furthermore, moderated analysis suggest lower level can...

Although heterogeneity of depression hinders research and clinical practice, attempts to reduce it with latent variable models have yielded inconsistent results, probably because these techniques cannot account for all interacting sources at the same time. Therefore, simultaneously decompose on person-, symptom time-level, three-mode Principal Component Analysis (3MPCA) was applied data 219 Major Depression patients, who provided Beck Inventory assessments every three months two years. The...

Efficient medical progress requires that we know when a treatment effect is absent. We considered all 207 Original Articles published in the 2015 volume of New England Journal Medicine and found 45 (21.7%) reported null result for at least one primary outcome measures. Unfortunately, standard statistical analyses are unable to quantify degree which these results actually support hypothesis. Such quantification possible, however, by conducting Bayesian hypothesis test. Here reanalyzed subset...

Abstract Background Research suggests that besides somatic factors, psychological and social factors are associated with pregnancy outcomes. The objective of this study was to determine the independent effects psychosocial risk on maternal blood pressure, gestational age at birth, birthweight Apgar score. Methods In a prospective cohort study, Dutch women in first half were recruited regional hospital, university hospital ten midwife practices. At inclusion, participants (before 20 weeks...

Patients with persistent somatic symptoms (PSS) often receive either or psychiatric care, depending on whether are respectively medically explained (MES) unexplained (MUS). This separation may not be as clinically relevant previously assumed; however, research data-driven subgroups within cohorts of older patients PSS is available. Our goal to identify more homogeneous beyond the distinction MUS and MES among by using a approach. We performed two Latent Profile Analyses (LPAs), one focused 6...

Psychological researchers and practitioners collect increasingly complex time series data aimed at identifying differences between the developments of participants or patients. Past research has proposed a number dynamic measures that describe meaningful developmental patterns for psychological (e.g., instability, inertia, linear trend). Yet, commonly used clustering approaches are often not able to include these due model assumptions). We propose feature-based as flexible, transparent,...

Functional Somatic Symptoms (FSS) are physical symptoms that cannot be attributed to underlying pathology. Their severity is often measured with sum scores on questionnaires; however, this may not adequately reflect FSS in subgroups of patients. We aimed identify the items somatization section Composite International Diagnostic Interview best discriminate levels, and assess their functioning sex age subgroups. applied two-parameter logistic model 19 a population-representative cohort 962...