A5060423053- HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions
- HIV Research and Treatment
- HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- HIV-related health complications and treatments
- Sex work and related issues
- LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Advanced Causal Inference Techniques
- Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Adolescent and Pediatric Healthcare
- Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- COVID-19 epidemiological studies
- Adolescent Sexual and Reproductive Health
- COVID-19 Impact on Reproduction
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies
- Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research
- Pediatric health and respiratory diseases
- Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
Gilead Sciences (United States)
2023-2025
Gladstone Institutes
2014-2024
California Department of Public Health
2021-2024
University of California, San Francisco
2014-2023
University of California, Berkeley
2019
George Washington University
2015
Adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is critical for efficacy. Antiretroviral concentrations are an objective measure of PrEP use and correlate with Understanding patterns correlates drug detection can identify populations at risk nonadherence inform design adherence interventions.Blood antiretroviral were assessed among active arm participants in iPrEx, a randomized placebo-controlled trial emtricitabine/tenofovir men who have sex transgender women 6 countries. We evaluated rates...
Background. The iPrEx study demonstrated that combination oral emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) as preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) protects against HIV acquisition in men who have sex with transgender women. Selection for drug resistance could offset PrEP benefits.
Abstract Introduction Stimulant and heavy alcohol use are prevalent associated with elevated risk for HIV seroconversion among men who have sex ( MSM ) transgender women. In addition, each can pose difficulties antiretroviral adherence people living . Scant research has examined the associations of stimulant to daily oral pre‐exposure prophylaxis (Pr EP To address this gap in literature, we evaluated hypothesis that binge drinking prospectively sub‐optimal Pr adherence. Methods We analysed...
Case-based surveillance of pediatric coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases underestimates the prevalence severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections among children and adolescents. Our objectives were to estimate monthly SARS-CoV-2 antibody seroprevalence calculate ratios reported COVID-19 adolescents in 8 US states.Using data from Nationwide Commercial Laboratory Seroprevalence Survey, we estimated aged 0-17 years August 2020 through May 2021. We calculated compared...
Abstract Concerns about the duration of protection conferred by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have arisen in postlicensure evaluations. “Depletion susceptibles,” a bias driven differential accrual infection among vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals, may obscure vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates, hindering interpretation. We enrolled California residents who received molecular SARS-CoV-2 tests matched, test-negative design, case-control study to estimate VE mRNA-based...
We conducted a longitudinal and cross-sectional analysis of depressive symptomology in iPrEx, randomized, placebo-controlled trial daily, oral FTC/TDF HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) men transgender women who have sex with men. Depression-related adverse events (AEs) were the most frequently reported severe or life-threatening AEs not associated being randomized to arm (152 vs. 144 respectively OR 0.66 95 % CI 0.35–1.25). Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D) four...
We examined the relationship between urine tenofovir (TFV) levels measured with a novel immunoassay, which permits point-of-care testing, HIV seroconversion and objective adherence metrics in large preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) demonstration project.
Clinic-based study samples, including the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), offer rich data, but findings may not generalize to community-based settings. We compared associations in ADNI those Atherosclerosis Risk Communities (ARIC) assess generalizability across two
Monitoring adherence to pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is part of the recommended package for PrEP prescribing, yet ongoing concerns about how do so confidently are exacerbated by gross discrepancies in reported and actual use clinical trials. We evaluated concordance between reports recent dosing collected via neutral interviewing drug quantitation iPrEx open-label extension, where participants (n = 1172) had choice receive or not PrEP. Self-report (at least one dose past 3-day) was most...
The combination of two broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs), teropavimab and zinlirvimab, plus the capsid inhibitor lenacapavir, is a potential twice-yearly regimen for HIV-1 treatment. level bNAb susceptibility to maintain virologic suppression unknown; therefore, we evaluated this in participants meeting stringent viral sensitivity criteria only one bNAbs. Pilot study within proof-of-concept Phase 1b (NCT04811040). No serious treatment-emergent adverse events occurred 8/10 remained...
California has reported the largest number of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases any US state, with more than 3.5 million confirmed as March 2021. However, full breadth severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission in is unknown only represent a fraction all infections.We conducted population-based serosurvey, utilizing mailed, home-based SARS-CoV-2 antibody testing along demographic and behavioral survey. We weighted data from random sample to adult population...
Abstract Background Understanding the distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies from vaccination and/or prior infection is critical to public health response pandemic. CalScope a population-based serosurvey in 7 counties California. Methods We invited 200 000 randomly sampled households enroll up 1 adult and child between April 20, 2021 June 16, 2021. tested all specimens for against SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid spike proteins, each participant...
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and emtricitabine (FTC) is becoming increasingly adopted for HIV prevention. Tenofovir can cause proximal tubular damage chronic kidney disease in HIV-infected persons, but little known regarding its nephrotoxic potential among HIV-uninfected persons. In this study, we evaluated the effects of PrEP on urine levels following: α1-microglobulin (α1m), a marker impaired reabsorption; albuminuria, measure glomerular injury;...
Concomitant use of cocaine and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) raises important clinical questions around adherence, retention in care, renal toxicity.We assessed the associations confirmed with PrEP adherence (both ascertained through objective measures), care engagement, function iPrEx open-label extension. Cocaine was measured scalp hair samples categorized as light (500-3000 pg/mg) moderate to heavy (>3000 pg/mg). first 3 months plasma tenofovir concentrations. Disengagement from...
Background: Implementation science focuses on evaluating strategies for delivering evidence-based interventions to improve HIV prevention and treatment. The effectiveness of these implementation is often context-dependent reconciling the desire produce generalizable knowledge in face contextual a central challenge researchers. Methods: We provide an overview causal transportability theory conceptualize context under this framework. review how graphs can be used illustrate assumptions...
Subgroup analyses of randomized controlled trials guide resource allocation and implementation new interventions by identifying groups individuals who are likely to benefit most from the intervention. Unfortunately, trial populations rarely representative target public health or clinical interest. Unless relevant differences between accounted for, subgroup results might not reflect which in population will Transportability provides a rigorous framework for applying derived potentially highly...
Abstract Objectives Recent studies have evaluated COVID‐19 outbreaks and excess mortality by occupation sectors. Studies on SARS‐CoV‐2 infection across occupation‐related factors remain lacking. In this study, we estimate the effect of in‐person work risk describe seroprevalence among working adults. Methods We used Wave 1 data (May to June 2021) from CalScope, a population‐based study in California. Occupation were coded using National Institute for Occupational Safety Health Industry...
To evaluate the effects of HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tenofovir disoproxial fumurate (TDF)/emtricitabine (FTC) on kidney function and tubular health.The Iniciativa Profilaxis Pre-Exposicion open-label extension (iPrEx-OLE) study enrolled former PrEP trial participants to receive TDF/FTC. This included 123 iPrEx-OLE who demonstrated adherence.We compared estimated glomerular filtration rate calculated using serum creatinine (eGFRcr), cystatin C (eGFRcys), in combination...