A5027734785- Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Entomopathogenic Microorganisms in Pest Control
- Gut microbiota and health
- Probiotics and Fermented Foods
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Animal Nutrition and Physiology
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Insect Resistance and Genetics
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Insect symbiosis and bacterial influences
- Escherichia coli research studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Insect Utilization and Effects
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Nematode management and characterization studies
- Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Immune Response and Inflammation
- Veterinary medicine and infectious diseases
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- Listeria monocytogenes in Food Safety
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Glycosylation and Glycoproteins Research
Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada
2015-2024
Lethbridge Research and Development Centre
2009-2024
University of Lethbridge
2017-2021
Chinook Regional Hospital
2021
University of Alberta
1992-2020
University of Southampton
2016
Queen's University Belfast
2016
Cambridge University Press
2016
New York University Press
2016
Mississippi State University
2000-2004
Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid by-product of the microbial fermentation dietary fermentable materials in large intestine; it main energy source for enterocyte regeneration, modulates enteric community, and contributes to increasing host health via mechanisms that are relatively poorly defined. Limited research has examined therapeutic potential butyrate using models inflammation incited by pathogenic organisms. We used Citrobacter rodentium incite acute Th1/Th17 ascertain impact on...
In red algae, the most abundant principal cell wall polysaccharides are mixed galactan agars, of which agarose is a common component. While bioconversion predominantly catalyzed by bacteria that live in oceans, agarases have been discovered microorganisms inhabit diverse terrestrial ecosystems, including human intestines. Here we comprehensively define structure-function relationship agarolytic pathway from intestinal bacterium Bacteroides uniformis (Bu) NP1. Using recombinant Bu NP1 to...
ABSTRACT This study reports on the use of PCR to directly detect and distinguish Campylobacter species in bovine feces without enrichment. Inhibitors present are a major obstacle using microorganisms. The QIAamp DNA stool minikit was found be an efficacious extraction method, as determined by positive amplification internal control added before extraction. With nested or seminested multiplex PCR, coli , C. fetus hyointestinalis jejuni were detected all fecal samples inoculated at ≈10 4 CFU g...
The influence of environmental conditions on mycosis grasshoppers caused by Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, was investigated. Despite the deposition considerable quantities conidia onto (6.7 × 10 3 colony-forming units [CFU] per nymph), B. did not significantly reduce field populations nor it affect specific grasshopper taxa. Conditions were warm and sunny during trial, slopes conidial persistence equally poor both grass leaves. Small numbers (<2 CFU grasshopper) recovered from...
Abstract Background Campylobacter enteritis represents a risk factor for the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) via unknown mechanisms. As IBD patients exhibit responses to their commensal intestinal microflora, factors that induce translocation bacteria across epithelium may contribute pathogenesis. This study sought determine whether induces non-invasive bacteria, and characterize underlying Methods Mice were infected with C. jejuni was assessed by quantitative bacterial...
Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of acute bacterial enteritis in humans. Poultry serves as major reservoir C. and thought to act principal vehicle transmission Epidermal growth factor (EGF) small amino acid peptide that exerts broad range activities on the intestinal epithelium. The aims this study were determine effect EGF colonization newly hatched chicks characterize its effects jejuni-induced epithelial barrier disruption. White Leghorn treated with daily, starting 1 day prior...
Abstract The impact of physiological stress on lipid metabolism, the metabolome, and systemic responses was examined in chickens. To incite a response, birds were continuously administered corticosterone (CORT) their drinking water at three doses (0 mg/L, 10 30 mg/L), they sampled 1, 5, 12 days after commencement CORT administration. Corticosterone administration to differentially regulated lipogenesis genes ( i.e. FAS , ACC ME SREBF1 ), histopathological examination indicated deposition...
Deposition of new genetic sequences in online databases is expanding at an unprecedented rate. As a result, sequence identification continues to outpace functional characterization carbohydrate active enzymes (CAZymes). In this paradigm, the discovery with novel functions often hindered by high volumes uncharacterized particularly when enzyme belongs family that exhibits diverse specificities (i.e., polyspecificity). Therefore, direct sequence-based and activities we have developed automated...
Identifying the connection among diet, intestinal microbiome, and host health is currently an area of intensive research, but potential dietary fiber (DF) consumption to ameliorate inflammation has not been extensively studied. We examined impacts DFs, wheat bran (WB) resistant starch (RS) on enteric health. A murine model acute Th1/Th17 colitis (i.e. incited by Citrobacter rodentium) was used. Diets enriched with RS increased weight gain in mice inoculated C. rodentium compared consuming a...
The murine cecum is a major site of fermentation dietary materials, and production short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). To examine the role that plays in acute bacterial infection mice, was surgically removed, changes communities SCFAs were analyzed relative to surgical sham animals. incite colitis, mice orally challenged with Citrobacter rodentium. impact butyrate administered directly into colon also examined. Concentrations feces substantially lower an excised cecum. Bacterial less diverse...
ABSTRACT Campylobacter species are fastidious to culture, and the ability directly quantify biomass in microbiologically complex substrates using real-time quantitative (RTQ) PCR may enhance our understanding of their biology facilitate development efficacious mitigation strategies. This study reports use nested RTQ-PCR jejuni lanienae cattle feces. For C. , single-copy mapA gene was selected. three-copy 16S rRNA targeted. primers were tested alone or they with species-specific primers,...
During outbreaks of infectious animal diseases, composting may be an effective method disposing mortalities and potentially contaminated manure. Duplicate biosecure structures containing 16 cattle ( Bos taurus ) (343 kg average weight) were constructed with carcasses placed on a 40‐cm straw layer overlaid 160 cm feedlot At depth 80 (P80), compost heated rapidly, exceeding 55°C after 8 d maintained temperatures 55 to 65°C for > 35 d. Temperatures at (P160) failed exceed 55°C, but remained...
Campylobacter concisus is an emerging enteric pathogen, yet it commonly isolated from feces and the oral cavities of healthy individuals. This genetically complex species comprised several distinct genomospecies which may vary in pathogenic potential. We compared genotypic properties C. fecal isolates diarrheic humans residing same geographic region. Analysis amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) profiles delineated two main clusters. Isolates assigned to AFLP cluster 1 belonged A...
Molecular typing methods are critical for epidemiological investigations, facilitating disease outbreak detection and source identification. Study of the epidemiology emerging human pathogen Arcobacter butzleri is currently hampered by lack a subtyping method that easily deployable in context routine surveillance. In this study we describe comparative genomic fingerprinting (CGF) high-resolution high-throughput A. butzleri. Comparative analysis genome sequences eleven strains, including...
Abstract β 2-1 Fructans are purported to improve health by stimulating growth of colonic bifidobacteria, increasing host resistance pathogens and the immune system. However, in healthy adults, benefits supplementation remain undefined. Adults (thirteen men, seventeen women) participated a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomised, cross-over study consisting two 28-d treatments separated 14-d washout period. Subjects’ regular diets were supplemented with fructan or placebo...