In this article, we propose a novel four-stage distributed controller for dc microgrid that achieves proportional power sharing and average voltage regulation the voltages at actuated unactuated buses. The is presented comprising multiple generation units (DGUs) with time-varying actuation states, dynamic <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$RLC$</tex-math> </inline-formula> lines, nonlinear...

A fundamental precondition for the operation of district heating networks (DHNs) is a stable hydraulic behavior. However, ongoing transition toward sustainable heat supply, especially rising integration distributed sources and increasingly meshed topologies, introduces complex potentially destabilizing dynamics. In this work, we propose unifying, equilibrium-independent passivity (EIP)-based control framework, which guarantees asymptotic stability any feasible, DHN equilibrium wide range...

One of the major challenges voltage stabilization in converter-based DC microgrids are multiple interacting units displaying intermittent supply behavior. In this paper, we address by a decentralized scalable, plug-and-play controller for voltage-source converters (VSCs) at primary level. contrast to existing approaches, follow systematic and constructive design based on port-Hamiltonian systems (PHSs) which does neither require heuristic proposition Lyapunov function nor computation...

Voltage and frequency control in an islanded ac microgrid (ImG) amounts to stabilizing <italic xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a priori</i> unknown ImG equilibrium induced by loads changes topology. This article puts forth a unified framework, which, while guaranteeing such stability, allows for modular ImGs interconnecting multiple subsystems, that is, dynamic <inline-formula xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math...

In this paper, we propose a decentralized scalable, plug-and-play control of voltage-source inverters (VSIs) in islanded, inverter-based AC micro-grids at primary level. Particularly islanded mode without inertia from conventional generators the main grid, voltage and frequency stabilization must be performed exclusively by these VSIs. contrast to existing approaches, systematic procedure that does not require proposition Lyapunov function as well avoids computationally expensive possibly...

In this paper, we present finite-dimensional port-Hamiltonian system (PHS) models of a gas pipeline and network comprising several pipelines for the purpose control design stability analysis. Starting from partial differential Euler equations describing dynamical flow in pipeline, method lines is employed to obtain lumped-parameter model, which simplifies nonlinear third-order PHS. Parallels between networks power systems are drawn by showing that obtained PHS model has same π-representation...

Multi-carrier energy systems have been identified as a major concept for future supply. For their operation, model-based control methods are necessary whose design requires modular, multi-physical control-oriented models. In literature, there exists no model which combines the variables of networks and system dynamics that go beyond ideal storage elements. Port-Hamiltonian represent promising approach scalable modeling multi-carrier systems. this publication we present case study illustrates...

In this paper, we use elements of graph theory and port-Hamiltonian systems to develop a modular dynamic model describing the hydraulic behavior 4th generation district heating networks. contrast with earlier networks single or few heat sources pumps, newer installations will prominently feature distributed units, bringing about number challenges for control stable operation these systems, e.g., flow reversals interactions among pumps controllers, which may lead severe oscillations. We focus...

The complexity arising in AC microgrids from multiple interacting distributed generation units (DGUs) with intermittent supply behavior requires local voltage-source inverters (VSIs) to be controlled a or decentralized manner at primary level. In (Strehle et al., 2019a), we use passivity theory design decentralized, plug-and-play voltage and frequency controllers for such VSIs. However, the stability analysis of closed-loop system load-connected topology, contrast real grids where loads are...

In this paper, we present a simple method to design full-order observer for class of nonlinear port-Hamiltonian systems (PHSs). We provide sufficient condition the be globally exponentially convergent. This exploits natural damping system. The and its are illustrated by means an academic example Numerical simulations verify convergence reconstructions towards unknown system variables.

In this paper, we analyze the stability of hydraulic, i.e. pressure and flow, equilibria in 4th generation district heating networks (DHNs). We consider hydraulic behavior a general class DHNs with an arbitrary number distributed heat units (DGUs) end-users connected through network pipes. For each subsystem, first derive model form explicit port-Hamiltonian system nonlinear resistive structure. Based on these models methods from equilibrium-independent passivity (EIP), prove DHN's...

In this paper, we propose a novel four-stage distributed controller for DC microgrid that achieves power sharing and average voltage regulation the voltages at actuated unactuated buses. The is presented comprising multiple generating units (DGUs) with time-varying actuation states; dynamic RLC lines; nonlinear constant impedance, current (ZIP) loads network topology. gain, PI controllers, two averaging stages designed asymptotic stability. This constitutes first deriving passivity...

In this paper, we present finite-dimensional port-Hamiltonian system (PHS) models of a gas pipeline and network comprising several pipelines for the purpose control design stability analysis. Starting from partial differential Euler equations describing dynamical flow in pipeline, method lines is employed to obtain lumped-parameter model, which simplifies nonlinear third-order PHS. Parallels between networks power systems are drawn by showing that obtained PHS model has same...

A fundamental precondition for the secure and efficient operation of district heating networks (DHNs) is a stable hydraulic behavior. However, ongoing transition towards sustainable heat supply, especially rising integration distributed sources increasingly meshed topologies, introduce complex potentially destabilizing dynamics. In this work, we propose unifying, passivity-based framework which guarantees asymptotic stability any forced DHN equilibrium while allowing meshed, time-varying...

Feedback controllers for port-Hamiltonian systems reveal an intrinsic inverse optimality property since each passivating state feedback controller is optimal with respect to some specific performance index. Due the nonlinear system structure, however, explicit (forward) methods control of require generally intractable analytical solution Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation. Adaptive dynamic programming provide a means circumvent this issue. However, few existing approaches hinge on very...

One of the major challenges voltage stabilization in converter-based DC microgrids are multiple interacting units displaying intermittent supply behavior. In this paper, we address by a decentralized scalable, plug-and-play controller for voltage-source converters (VSCs) at primary level. contrast to existing approaches, follow systematic and constructive design based on port-Hamiltonian systems (PHSs) which does neither require heuristic proposition Lyapunov function nor computation...

The complexity arising in AC microgrids from multiple interacting distributed generation units (DGUs) with intermittent supply behavior requires local voltage-source inverters (VSIs) to be controlled a or decentralized manner at primary level. In (Strehle et al., 2019), we use passivity theory design decentralized, plug-and-play voltage and frequency controllers for such VSIs. However, the stability analysis of closed-loop system load-connected topology, contrast real grids where loads are...

This paper deals with the convergence analysis of a closed-form solution for fractional models short-memory principle. Fractional are increasingly used to describe complex physical, chemical, or biological systems. However, calculating output signal model necessitates an actual solution, which in turn requires system be at rest beginning simulation. In this work, we drop restriction by presenting based on extension then allows, example, perform parameter identification during run time. The...