Abstract. A satellite database including 16 555 images and ice charts displaying the area of Isfjorden, Hornsund, Svalbard region has been established with focus on time period 2000–2014. 3319 manual interpretations sea conditions have conducted, resulting in two series dividing Isfjorden Hornsund into "fast ice" (sea attached to coastline), "drift ice", "open water". The maximum fast coverage is > 40 % periods 2000–2005 2009–2011 stays < 30 2006–2008 2012–2014. Fast cover reaches all...

Abstract. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data from RADARSAT-2 (RS2) in dual-polarization mode provide additional information for discriminating sea ice and open water compared to single-polarization data. We have developed an automatic algorithm based on dual-polarized RS2 SAR images distinguish (rough calm) ice. Several technical issues inherent were solved the pre-processing stage, including thermal noise reduction HV polarization correction of angular backscatter dependency HH...

Abstract. A computationally efficient, open-source feature-tracking algorithm, called ORB, is adopted and tuned for sea ice drift retrieval from Sentinel-1 SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) images. The most suitable setting parameter values have been found using four image pairs representative of conditions between Greenland Severnaya Zemlya during winter spring. performance the algorithm compared to two other algorithms, namely SIFT (Scale-Invariant Feature Transform) SURF (Speeded-Up Robust...

Development and validation of reliable environment perception systems for automated driving functions requires the extension conventional physical test drives with simulations in virtual environments. In such a environment, sensor is replaced by model. A major challenge state-of-the-art models to represent large variety material properties surrounding objects realistic manner. Since lidar sensors are considered play an essential role upcoming vehicles, this paper presents new modelling...

Avalanches pose a significant threat to the population and infrastructure of mountainous regions. The mapping documentation avalanches in Austria is mostly done by experts during field observations covers usually only specific localized areas. A comprehensive is, however, crucial for work local avalanche commissions as well warning services assess, e.g., danger. Over past decade, from satellite imagery has proven be promising rapid approach monitor activity Several recent detection...

Lidar is an important component of the perception suite for automated systems. The effects vibration on lidar point clouds are mostly unknown, despite lidar's wide adaption and usual application under conditions where occurs frequently. In this study, we performed controlled tests from 6 to 2000 Hz at 9 12 m/s2 in vertical direction automotive OS1-64 by Ouster. An information loss emerged which independent frequency acceleration. points randomly distributed does not correlate with range,...

The rapid advancement and commercialization of low-cost (0.5k to 20k EUR) lidar have transformed how researchers monitor analyze dynamic environmental processes. Initially developed for industries like automotive navigation robotics, these compact cost-effective sensors gained significant traction in geoscience. Many operate the wavelength range 900 1000 nm, where ice is highly reflective, making them particularly suited cryospheric observations. In addition their affordability, systems are...

Radar is a key sensor to achieve reliable environment perception for advanced driver assistance system and automated driving (ADAS/AD) functions. Reducing the development efforts ADAS functions eventually enabling AD demands extension of conventional physical test drives with simulations in virtual environments. In such environment, radar unit replaced by model. Driving datasets, as nuScenes dataset, containing large amounts annotated measurements, help understand capabilities play an...

A novel generic sensor model is introduced for testing and validation of ADAS/AD (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems/Autonomous Drive) functions. The converts an incoming object list into a specific suitable all perception sensors operating on level. field view the represented by two dimensional polygon, that can be defined set points. simple ray-tracing method applied to simulate coverage objects. allows multiple range specifications single depending type classification capabilities....

The main objective of this article is to provide angle-dependent spectral reflectance measurements various materials in the near infrared spectrum. In contrast already existing libraries, e.g., NASA ECOSTRESS and Aster which consider only perpendicular measurements, presented dataset includes angular resolution material reflectance. To conduct a new measurement device based on 945 nm time-of-flight camera used, was calibrated using Lambertian targets with defined values at 10, 50, 95%. are...

Abstract. An open-source sea ice drift algorithm for Sentinel-1 SAR imagery is introduced based on the combination of feature tracking and pattern matching. Feature produces an initial estimate limits search area consecutive matching, which provides small- to medium-scale adjustments normalised cross-correlation values. The designed combine two approaches in order benefit from respective advantages. considered feature-tracking method allows efficient computation field resulting vectors show...

Lidar sensors play an essential role in the perception system of automated vehicles. Fault Detection, Isolation, Identification, and Recovery (FDIIR) systems are for increasing reliability lidar sensors. Knowing influence different faults on data is first crucial step towards fault detection We investigate influences sensor cover contaminations output data, i.e., point cloud full waveform. Different contamination types were applied (dew, dirt, artificial foam, water, oil) single beam RIEGL...

Sensor models provide the required environmental perception information for development and testing of automated driving systems in virtual vehicle environments. In this article, a configurable sensor model architecture is introduced. Based on methods model-based engineering (MBSE) functional decomposition, approach supports flexible continuous way to use automotive development. Modeled effects, representing single-sensor properties, are combined an overall behavior. This improves...

Point clouds are a very common format for representing three dimensional data.Point can be acquired by different sensor types and methods, such as lidar (light detection ranging), radar (radio RGB-D (red, green, blue, depth) cameras, photogrammetry, etc.In many cases multiple point recorded over time, e.g., automotive lidars record with high acquisition frequencies (typically around 10-20Hz) resulting in millions of points per second.Analyzing large collection is big challenge due to the...

The virtual testing and validation of advanced driver assistance system automated driving (ADAS/AD) functions require efficient realistic perception sensor models. In particular, the limitations measurement errors real sensors need to be simulated realistically in order generate useful data for ADAS/AD function under test. this paper, a novel modeling approach automotive is introduced. combines kernel density estimation with regression puts main focus on position errors. designed any that...

Abstract. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from RADARSAT-2 (RS2) taken in dual-polarization mode provide additional information for discriminating sea ice and open water compared to single-polarization data. We have developed a fully automatic algorithm distinguish between (rough/calm) based on dual-polarized RS2 SAR images. Several technical problems inherent were solved the pre-processing stage including thermal noise reduction HV-polarization channel correction of angular backscatter...

Abstract. We propose a newly developed modular MObile LIdar SENsor System (MOLISENS) to enable new applications for small industrial lidar (light detection and ranging) sensors. The stand-alone setup supports both monitoring of dynamic processes mobile mapping based on SLAM (Simultaneous Localization Mapping) algorithms. main objective MOLISENS is exploit emerging perception sensor technologies the automotive industry geoscientific applications. However, can also be used other application...

New advanced driver assistance system/automated driving (ADAS/AD) functions have the potential to significantly enhance safety of vehicle passengers and road users, while also enabling new transportation applications potentially reducing CO2 emissions.To achieve next level automation, i.e., SAE Level-3, physical test drives need be supplemented by simulations in virtual environments.A major challenge for today's environments is provide a realistic representation vehicle's perception system...

1541 Sentinel-1 SAR images, acquired over Fram Strait between 2014 and 2016, were considered for sea ice drift retrieval using an open-source feature tracking algorithm. Based on this image data set, 2026 3120 pairs in HH HV polarisation used to calculate monthly mean velocities at 79 N.

The cryosphere's dynamic processes, from snow accumulation and avalanche activity to glacier calving, demand innovative monitoring solutions that offer both high spatial temporal resolution. Current advancements in sensor technology are revolutionizing environmental monitoring. Our research introduces MOSEP (Modular Multi-Sensor System for Environment Perception), a novel, adaptable multi-sensor platform employing sensors traditionally used autonomous vehicles, repurposed This system...