With the development of high energy physics experiments, a large amount exotic states in hadronic sector have been observed. In order to shed some insights on nature tetraquark and pentaquark candidates, constituent quark model, along with gaussian expansion method, has employed systematically real- complex-range investigations. We review herein double- full-heavy tetraquarks, but also hidden-charm, -bottom doubly charmed pentaquarks. Several experimentally observed hadrons are well...

In the framework of chiral quark model along with complex scaling range, we perform a dynamical study on low-lying $S$-wave doubly-heavy tetraquark states ($QQ\bar{q}\bar{q}$, $Q=c, b$ and $q=u, d$) an accurate computing approach, Gaussian expansion method. The meson-meson diquark-antidiquark configurations within all possible color structures for spin-parity quantum numbers $J^P=0^+$, $1^+$ $2^+$, in $0$ $1$ isospin sectors are considered. Possible tightly bound narrow resonance obtained...

The recent experimental results of the LHCb Collaboration suggested existence pentaquark states with a charmonium. To understand structure states, dynamical calculation 5-quark systems quantum numbers $I{J}^{P}=\frac{1}{2}(\frac{1}{2}{)}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$, $\frac{1}{2}(\frac{3}{2}{)}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ and $\frac{1}{2}(\frac{5}{2}{)}^{\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}}$ is performed in framework chiral quark model help Gaussian expansion method. show that there are...

Abstract The constituent quark model is used to compute the ground and excited state masses of QQQ baryons containing either c or b quarks. parameters previously describe properties charmonium bottomonium states were in this analysis. non-relativistic three-body bound problem solved by means Gaussian expansion method which provides sufficient accuracy simplifies subsequent evaluation matrix elements. Several low-lying with quantum numbers are reported. We compare results those obtained other...

The LHCb Collaboration has recently reported strong evidences of the existence pentaquark states in hidden-charm baryon sector, so-called $P_c(4380)^+$ and $P_c(4450)^+$ signals. Five-quark bound sector were explored by us using, for quark-quark interaction, a chiral quark model which successfully explains meson phenomenology, from light to heavy sector. We extend herein such study but hidden-bottom analyzing possible bound-states with spin-parity quantum numbers $J^P=\frac12^\pm$,...

Fully-heavy tetraquark states, i.e., $cc\overline{c}\overline{c}$, $bb\overline{b}\overline{b}$, $bb\overline{c}\overline{c}$ ($cc\overline{b}\overline{b}$), $cb\overline{c}\overline{c}$, $cb\overline{b}\overline{b}$, and $cb\overline{c}\overline{b}$, are systematically investigated by means of a nonrelativistic quark model based on lattice-QCD studies the two-body $Q\overline{Q}$ interaction, which exhibits spin-independent Cornell potential along with spin-spin term. The four-body problem...

The LHCb Collaboration, using its full data set from runs $1$ and $2$, announced in $2019$ a surprising update of the hidden-charm pentaquark states $P_c(4380)^+$ $P_c(4450)^+$, observed 2015. A new state, $P_c(4312)^+$, was clearly seen at lower energies; furthermore, original $P_c(4450)$ resonance resolved into two individual states, named $P_c(4440)^+$ $P_c(4457)^+$. Motivated by fact that these were successfully predicted our chiral quark model, we extend herein such study to doubly...

The low-lying $sQ\bar{q}\bar{q}$ $(q=u,\,d,\, Q=c,\,b)$ tetraquark states with $J^P=0^+$, $1^+$ and $2^+$, in the isoscalar isovector sectors, are systematically investigated framework of real- complex-scaling range a chiral quark model, whose parameters have been fixed advance describing hadron, hadron-hadron multiquark phenomenology, thus all results presented here pure predictions. Each configuration, compatible quantum numbers studied, is taken into account; this includes meson-meson,...

Recently, the experimental results of LHCb Collaboration suggested existence five new excited states ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}^{0}$: ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}(3000{)}^{0}$, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}(3050{)}^{0}$, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}(3066{)}^{0}$, ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}(3090{)}^{0}$, and ${\mathrm{\ensuremath{\Omega}}}_{c}(3119{)}^{0}$; however, quantum numbers these particles are not determined now. To understand nature states, a...

The fully-heavy tetraquark states $QQ\bar{Q}\bar{Q}$ ($Q=c, b$) are systematically investigated by means of a nonrelativistic potential model. model is based on the lattice QCD study two-body $Q\bar{Q}$ interaction, which exhibits spin-independent Cornell along with spin-spin interaction. four-body problem implemented highly accurate computational approach, Gaussian expansion method. complex scaling method also employed so that bound, resonance, and scattering can be treated same footing....

The low-lying $S$-wave $QQ\bar{s}\bar{s}$ ($Q=c, b$) tetraquark states with $IJ^P=00^+$, $01^+$ and $02^+$ are systematically investigated in the framework of complex scaling range chiral quark model. Every structure including meson-meson, diquark-antidiquark K-type configurations, all possible color channels four-body sector considered by means a commonly extended variational approach, Gaussian expansion method. Several narrow wide resonance obtained for $cc\bar{s}\bar{s}$...

The hidden-charm tetraquarks with strangeness, $c\bar{c}s\bar{q}$ $(q=u,\,d)$, in $J^P=0^+$, $1^+$ and $2^+$ are systematically investigated the framework of real- complex-scaling range a chiral quark model, whose parameters have been fixed advance describing hadron, hadron-hadron multiquark phenomenology. Each tetraquark configuration, compatible quantum numbers studied, is taken into account; this includes meson-meson, diquark-antidiquark K-type arrangements quarks all possible color wave...

The fully-charm and -bottom pentaquarks, \emph{i.e.} $cccc\bar{c}$ $bbbb\bar{b}$, with spin-parity quantum numbers $J^P=\frac{1}{2}^-$, $\frac{3}{2}^-$ $\frac{5}{2}^-$, are investigated within a Lattice-QCD inspired quark model, which has already successfully described the recently announced tetraquark candidate $X(6900)$, also predicted several other fully-heavy tetraquarks. A powerful computational technique, based on Gaussian expansion method combined complex-scaling range approach, is...

Abstract The lowest-lying charmonium-like tetraquarks $$c{\bar{c}}q{\bar{q}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mi>c</mml:mi><mml:mover><mml:mrow><mml:mi>c</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mover><mml:mi>q</mml:mi><mml:mover><mml:mrow><mml:mi>q</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>¯</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:mover></mml:mrow></mml:math> $$(q=u,\,d)$$...

The LHCb collaboration has recently announced the discovery of two hidden-charm pentaquark states with strange quark content, Pcs(4338) and Pcs(4459); its analysis points towards having both hadrons’ isospins equal to zero spin-parity quantum numbers 12− 32−, respectively. Herein, we perform a systematical investigation qqscc¯(q=u,d) system by means chiral model, along highly accurate computational method, Gaussian expansion approach combined complex scaling technique. baryon-meson...

Zone refining is one of the most important procedures to purify germanium crystals for fabrication detectors in our laboratory. In order properly zone refine high‐purity crystals, it develop perfect cleaning raw materials, quartz tubes, and containers holding materials. Additionally, vacuum levels, container types, correct combination ambient gases, speed travel, ratio ingot length molten length, all need be carefully studied obtain best results possible. this work, we investigate a number...

Light, MeV-scale dark matter (DM) is an exciting DM candidate that undetectable by current experiments. A germanium (Ge) detector utilizing internal charge amplification for the carriers created ionization of impurities a promising new technology with experimental sensitivity detecting DM. We analyze physics mechanisms signal formation, creation, amplification, and projected directly particles. present design novel Ge at helium temperature ( $$\sim $$ 4 K) enabling from impacts. With large...

We demonstrate the first programmable group-delay module based on polarization switching. With a unique binary tuning mechanism, device can generate any differential group delay value from -45 to +45 ps with resolution of 1.40 ps, or true-time-delay 0 45 0.7 ps. The varying speeds for both applications are under 1 ms and be as fast 0.1 ms. evaluate dynamic static performances while paying special attention its figures merit polarization-mode dispersion emulation compensation applications....

High-purity germanium crystal growth is challenging work, requiring the control of individual properties such as impurity distribution, dislocation density, and crystalline structure. Currently, we grow high-purity crystals by Czochralski method in our laboratory order to understand details growing process, especially for large diameter crystals. In this paper, report progress detector-grade at University South Dakota.

Recently, the experimental results of LHCb Collaboration suggested existence five new excited states $Ω_c^0$, $Ω_c(3000)^0$, $Ω_c(3050)^0$, $Ω_c(3066)^0$, $Ω_c(3090)^0$ and $Ω_c(3119)^0$, quantum numbers these particles are not determined now. To understand nature states, a dynamical calculation 5-quark systems with $IJ^P=0(\frac{1}{2})^-$, $0(\frac{3}{2})^-$ $0(\frac{5}{2})^-$ is performed in framework chiral quark model help gaussian expansion method. The show $Ξ-\bar{D}$, $Ξ_c\bar{K}$...