A5028770358- Congenital gastrointestinal and neural anomalies
- Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
- Digestive system and related health
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Cerebrospinal fluid and hydrocephalus
- Intestinal Malrotation and Obstruction Disorders
- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
- Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques
- Head and Neck Surgical Oncology
- Gut microbiota and health
- Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Infant Health and Development
- Craniofacial Disorders and Treatments
- Barrier Structure and Function Studies
- Genetic and Kidney Cyst Diseases
- Anatomy and Medical Technology
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Anesthesia and Neurotoxicity Research
- Pathogenesis and Treatment of Hiccups
University of Tübingen
2015-2025
Negative psychological states impact immunity by altering the gut microbiome. However, relationship between brain and microbiome composition remains unclear. We show that Brunner's glands in duodenum couple stress-sensitive circuits to bacterial homeostasis. mediated enrichment of Lactobacillus species response vagus nerve stimulation. Cell-specific ablation markedly suppressed Lactobacilli counts heightened vulnerability infection. In forebrain, we mapped a vagally mediated, polysynaptic...
Evidence is mounting that the novel corona virus SARS-CoV2 inflicts neurological symptoms in a subgroup of COVID-19 patients. While plenty theories on route neuroinvasion have been proposed, little histological evidence has presented supporting any these hypotheses. Therefore, we carried out immunostainings for ACE2 and TMPRSS2, two proteinases crucial entry into host cells, human enteric nervous system (ENS), as well choroid plexus lateral ventricles. Both sites are important, yet often...
Abstract Novel techniques, like CLARITY and PACT, render large tissue specimens transparent thereby suitable for microscopic analysis. We used these techniques to evaluate their potential in the intestine as an exemplary organ with a complex composition. Immunohistochemistry, light sheet- confocal scanning-microscopy enabled us follow three-dimensional structures, nerve fibers, vessels epithelial barriers throughout entire organ. Moreover, systematic electron study, we analyzed morphology...
Usually, pandemic COVID-19 disease, caused by SARS-CoV2, presents with mild respiratory symptoms such as fever, cough, but frequently also anosmia and neurological symptoms. Virus-cell fusion is mediated angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) transmembrane serine protease (TMPRSS2) their organ expression pattern determining viral tropism. Clinical presentation suggests rapid dissemination to the central nervous system leading severe including meningitis. Here, we provide a comprehensive...
Abstract Background Braak’s hypothesis states that sporadic Parkinson’s disease (PD) follows a specific progression of pathology from the peripheral to central nervous system, and this can be monitored by detecting accumulation alpha-Synuclein (α-Syn) protein. Consequently, there is growing interest in understanding how gut (commensal) microbiome regulate α-Syn accumulation, as could potentially lead PD. Methods We used 16S rRNA shotgun sequencing characterise microbial diversity. 1 H-NMR...
Human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived organoids mimicking tissues and organs in vitro have advanced medical research, as they opened up new possibilities for in-depth basic research on human organ development well providing a model personalized therapeutic approaches. hiPSC-derived retinal proven to be of great value modeling the retina featuring very similar cellular composition, layering, functionality. The technically challenging imaging three-dimensional structures such...
The choroid plexus (CP) is a structure in the brain ventricles that produces main part of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). It covered with specialized cells which show epithelial characteristics and are site blood–CSF barrier. These form contiguous cell sheet ventricle-lining ependymal known to express aquaporin-4 (AQP4). In contrast, CP aquaporin-1 (AQP1) apically. We investigated expression patterns aquaporins CP-ependyma transition from human body donors using immunofluorescence electron...
Wnt-signaling is a key regulator of stem cell homeostasis, extensively studied in the intestinal crypt and other metazoan tissues. Yet, there hardly any data available on presence components adult enteric nervous system (ENS)
Summary Regeneration and cytodifferentiation of various adult epithelial stem cell compartments are controlled by the Wnt-agonist R-Spondin1 (RSPO1) Leucin-rich-repeat-containing G-protein-coupled-receptors (LGR4/5/6). We hypothesized that RSPO1-LGR-signaling also is involved in regulating neuro-regeneration homeostasis postnatal enteric nervous system (ENS). If applied to murine human ENS-progenitors, RSPO1 led an increased proliferation, followed enhanced neurogenesis. This coincided with...
Anatomical embalming forms a mainstay in the provision of teaching materials based on human post-mortem tissues. As consequence regulations worldwide to minimize use formaldehyde due its harmful nature, effective measures must be taken application anatomy laboratory. This study aimed identify commonalities among protocols used Austrian, German and Swiss anatomies reduce usage provide foundation for joint accreditation. Survey data all procedures, technologies chemicals related were collected...
The enteric nervous system (ENS) consists of an extensive network neurons and glial cells embedded within the wall gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Alterations in neuronal distribution function are strongly associated with GI dysfunction. Current methods for assessing suffer from undersampling, partly due to challenges imaging analyzing large tissue areas, operator bias manual analysis. We present Gut Analysis Toolbox (GAT), image analysis tool designed characterization their neurochemical...
Neural stem or progenitor cells have been proposed to restore gastrointestinal function in patients suffering from congenital acquired defects of the enteric nervous system. Various, mainly embryonic cell sources identified for this purpose. However, immunological and ethical issues make a postnatal based therapy desirable. We therefore evaluated quantified potential murine system give rise neurons glial vitro. Electrophysiological analysis BrdU uptake studies provided direct evidence that...
Neurogastroenterological disorders (NGDs) are highly prevalent and substantially impact patients' quality of life. Effective treatment NGDs depends on the competence training medical caregivers. Students' perceived in neurogastroenterology its place school curricula assessed this study.A multi-center digital survey among students was conducted at five universities. Self-ratings regarding basic mechanisms, diagnosis, six chronic conditions were assessed. These included irritable bowel...
Abstract The enteric nervous system (ENS) plays an important role in coordinating gut function. ENS consists of extensive network neurons and glial cells within the wall gastrointestinal tract. Alterations neuronal distribution, function, type are strongly associated with neuropathies (GI) dysfunction can serve as biomarkers for disease. However, current methods assessing counts distribution suffer from undersampling. This is partly due to challenges imaging analyzing large tissue areas,...
The choroid plexus (CP) consists of specialized ependymal cells and underlying blood vessels stroma producing the bulk cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). CP epithelial are considered site internal blood-cerebrospinal barrier, show characteristics (basal lamina, tight junctions), express aquaporin-1 (AQP1) apically. In this study, we analyzed expression aquaporins in human using immunofluorescence qPCR. As previously reported, AQP1 was expressed apically cells. Surprisingly, unknown, many epithelium...
Postnatal neural progenitor cells of the enteric nervous system are a potential source for future cell replacement therapies developmental dysplasia like Hirschsprung's disease. However, little is known about molecular mechanisms driving homeostasis and differentiation this pool. In work, we conducted Affymetrix GeneChip experiments to identify differences in gene regulation between proliferation early progenitors from neonatal mice. We detected total 1333 regulated genes that were linked...
Hands-on courses utilizing preserved human tissues for educational training offer an important pathway to acquire basic anatomical knowledge. Owing the reevaluation of formaldehyde limits by European Commission, a joint approach was chosen German-speaking anatomies in Europe (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) find commonalities among embalming protocols and infrastructure. A survey comprising 537 items circulated all Europe. Clusters were established "ethanol"-, formaldehyde-based ("FA"),...
ABSTRACT Usually, pandemic COVID-19 disease, caused by SARS-CoV2, presents with mild respiratory symptoms such as fever, cough but frequently also anosmia and neurological symptom. Virus-cell fusion is mediated Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) Transmembrane Serine Protease (TMPRSS2) their organ expression pattern determining viral tropism. Clinical presentation suggests rapid dissemination to central nervous system leading severe including meningitis. Here, we provide a comprehensive...
Abstract Neurogenesis in the postnatal enteric nervous system (ENS) is controversially discussed. Yet, deciphering regenerative potential of ENS essential for our understanding and therapy human neuropathies. Dickkopf1 (DKK1) a Wnt-antagonist involved homeostasis various tissues. We hypothesize that DKK1 could function as negative regulator on proliferation ENS-progenitors gut mice infants. Here, we provide evidence expressed murine ENS. If applied to vitro, leads an increased proliferation,...
Abstract Hearing and balance functions of the inner ear rely on homeostasis endolymphatic fluid. When disturbed, pathologic hydrops evolves as observed in Menière’s disease. The molecular basis fluid regulation across epithelium is largely unknown. In this study we identified specific expression tight junction (TJ) molecules Claudin 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 10, 16 epithelial preparations rat duct (ED) sac (ES) by high-throughput qPCR immunofluorescence confocal microscopy. Further showed that 4 ES a...
In the brain of teleost fish, radial glial cells are main astroglial cell type. To understand how glia structures adapting to continuous growth brain, we studied in telencephalon cichlid fish Astatotilapia burtoni small fry large specimens. These animals grow a standard length 10-12 cm this species, corresponding more than 100-fold increase volume. Focusing on where arranged radially everted (dorsal) pallium, immunocytochemistry for markers revealed an aberrant pattern fibers central...
Abstract Purpose Compromised swallowing, speaking, and local complications are the major disadvantages of established approaches to posterior tongue oropharynx. The mandibular split involves an esthetically unpleasant bipartition lower lip is prone bony non-union or sequestration. conventional pull-through technique on other hand lacks secure reattachment lingually released soft tissues. Methods feasibility a new modified approach was tested three anatomical specimens. CAD/CAM cutting guides...