A5050489818- Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments
- Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
- Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Applications
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Elasticity and Material Modeling
- Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
- Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity and mitigation
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Metabolomics and Mass Spectrometry Studies
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
Yale University
2016-2024
Imaging Center
2016-2024
Virginia Tech
2013-2019
Gastroenterology Center of Connecticut
2019
University of New Haven
2016
Winthrop-University Hospital
2011
Adelphi University
2011
Blood vessels are continually exposed to circulating lipids and elevations of ApoB containing lipoproteins cause atherosclerosis. Lipoprotein metabolism is highly regulated by lipolysis, largely at the level capillary endothelium lining metabolically active tissues. How large blood vessels, site atherosclerotic vascular disease, regulate flux fatty acids (FA) into triglyceride (TG) rich lipid droplets (LD) not known. In this study, we showed that deletion enzyme, adipose lipase (ATGL) in...
Objective The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that multi‐strain probiotic VSL#3 would attenuate increase in fasting plasma concentrations trimethylamine‐ N ‐oxide (TMAO) following a high‐fat diet. Methods Nineteen healthy, non‐obese males (18‐30 years) participated present study. Following 2‐week eucaloric control diet, subjects were randomized either (900 billion live bacteria) or placebo (cornstarch) during consumption hypercaloric (+1,000 kcal day −1 ), diet (55% fat)...
Objective The objective was to determine the effects of probiotic, VSL#3, on body and fat mass, insulin sensitivity, skeletal muscle substrate oxidation following 4 weeks a high‐fat diet. Methods Twenty non‐obese males (18‐30 years) participated in study. Following 2‐week eucaloric control diet, participants underwent dual X‐ray absorptiometry composition, an intravenous glucose tolerance test biopsy for measurement vitro oxidation. Subsequently, were randomized receive either VSL#3 or...
This study aimed to evaluate the long-term prognostic value of serial assessment coronary flow reserve (CFR) by rubidium Rb 82 (
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. The authors investigated the efficacy of 18F-DHMT, a marker ROS, for early detection cardiotoxicity rats. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and 4, 6, 8 weeks post-doxorubicin initiation, whereas vivo superoxide production measured 4 6 with 18F-DHMT positron emission tomography. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) not significantly decreased until treatment, myocardial elevated weeks. imaging...
Doxorubicin (DOX) induces cardiotoxicity in part by activation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Sacubitril/valsartan (Sac/Val) exerts additive cardioprotective actions over renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors preclinical models myocardial infarction and heart failure patients. We hypothesized that Sac/Val would be more than Val a rodent model progressive DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, this benefit associated with modulation MMP activation. sought to investigate the efficacy for...
There is a growing appreciation that tight relationship exists between cholesterol homeostasis and immunity in leukocytes; however, this has not been deeply explored the vascular endothelium. Endothelial cells (ECs) rapidly respond to extrinsic signals, such as tissue damage or microbial infection, by upregulating factors activate recruit circulating leukocytes site of injury aberrant activation ECs leads inflammatory based diseases, multiple sclerosis atherosclerosis. Here, we studied role...
Skeletal muscle mitochondria play a specific role in many disease pathologies. As such, the measurement of oxygen consumption as an indicator mitochondrial function this tissue has become more prevalent. Although technologies and assays exist that measure respiratory pathways variety cells, species, there is currently void literature regards to compilation these using isolated from mouse skeletal for use microplate based technologies. Importantly, respirometric growing among biologists it...
PET has the potential to perform absolute in vivo radiotracer quantitation. This can be compromised by voluntary body motion (BM), which degrades image resolution, alters apparent tracer uptakes, introduces CT-based attenuation correction mismatch artifacts and causes inaccurate parameter estimates dynamic studies. Existing (BMC) methods include frame-based image-registration (FIR) approaches real-time tracking using external measurement devices. FIR does not correct for occurring within a...
The complexity of the mechanisms underlying metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) progression remains a significant challenge for development effective therapeutics. miRNAs have shown great promise as regulators biological processes and therapeutic targets complex diseases. Here, we study role hepatic miR-33, an important regulator lipid metabolism, during MASLD hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We report that miR-33 was elevated in livers humans mice with its...
We tested the hypothesis that skeletal muscle of endurance-trained male runners would exhibit elevated autophagy and mitophagy markers, which be associated with greater metabolic flexibility following a high-fat meal (HFM). Muscle biopsies were collected to determine differences in protein markers under fasting conditions 4 h HFM between (n = 10) sedentary, non-obese controls 9). Maximal oxygen consumption (ml·kg·min−1) was approximately 50% higher (p < 0.05) compared sedentary (65.8 ± 2.3...
Loop diuretics have well-described toxicities, and loss of response to these agents is common. Alternative strategies are needed for the maintenance euvolemia in heart failure (HF). Nonrenal removal sodium directly across peritoneal membrane (direct [DSR]) with a sodium-free osmotic solution should result extraction large quantities limited off-target solute removal.This article describes preclinical development first-in-human proof concept DSR. Sodium-free 10% dextrose was used as DSR...
Objective The purpose of this investigation was to understand the metabolic adaptations a short‐term (5 days), isocaloric, high‐fat diet (HFD) in healthy, young males. Methods Two studies were undertaken with 12 subjects. Study 1 investigated effect HFD on skeletal muscle substrate metabolism and insulin sensitivity. 2 assessed transcriptional responses transition from fasted fed state using meal challenge before after 5 days HFD. Results showed no or sensitivity fasting samples. that...
BackgroundOur previous work demonstrated that a short-term high fat diet (HFD) increased fasting serum endotoxin, altered postprandial excursions of and led to metabolic transcriptional responses in skeletal muscle young, healthy male humans.PurposeThe purpose the present study was determine if diet: 1) increases intestinal permeability and, turn, endotoxin concentrations 2) decreases oxidation.MethodsThirteen normal weight young adult males (BMI 23.1 ± 0.8 kg/m2, age 22.2 0.4 years) were...
The endothelium is a major target of the proinflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Exposure endothelial cells (EC) to stimuli leads an increase in mitochondrial metabolism; however, function and regulation elevated metabolism EC response cytokines remain unclear. Studies using high-resolution metabolomics 13 C-glucose C-glutamine labeling flux techniques showed that pyruvate dehydrogenase activity (PDH) oxidative tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA) are human umbilical vein ECs...
The sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) mediates active iodide (I-) accumulation in the thyroid, first step thyroid hormone (TH) biosynthesis. Mutations SLC5A5 gene encoding NIS that result a non-functional protein lead to congenital hypothyroidism due I- transport defect (ITD). ITD is rare autosomal disorder that, if not treated promptly infancy, can cause mental retardation, as TH decrease results improper development of nervous system. However, some patients, has been ameliorated by unusually...
Whether resistance exercise training (RET) improves skeletal muscle substrate oxidative capacity and reduces mitochondrial production of reactive oxygen species in older adults remains unclear. To address this, 19 males (≥60 years) were randomized to a RET (n = 11) or waitlist control group 8) that remained sedentary for 12 weeks. was comprised three upper body four lower movements on machines. One set 8–12 repetitions failure each movement performed nonconsecutive days/week. Improvements...
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play important roles in cell signaling and homeostasis. However, an abnormally high level of ROS is toxic, implicated a number diseases. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging can assist the detection these For purpose clinical translation [18F]6-(4-((1-(2-fluoroethyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-5-methyl-5,6-dihydrophenanthridine-3,8-diamine ([18F]DHMT), promising PET radiotracer, we first manually optimized large-scale radiosynthesis conditions...