A5001880270- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Remote Sensing and Land Use
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Aortic aneurysm repair treatments
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Seismic Waves and Analysis
- Pediatric Urology and Nephrology Studies
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Earthquake Detection and Analysis
- Vascular Procedures and Complications
- Peripheral Artery Disease Management
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Aerodynamics and Fluid Dynamics Research
- Urological Disorders and Treatments
- Reconstructive Surgery and Microvascular Techniques
Tohoku University
1966-2024
National Defense Academy of Japan
2014-2024
Tohoku University Hospital
2008-2021
National Defence Academy
2003-2019
Tokyo Metropolitan University
2011
Nagano University
2011
Chuo University
2011
Teikyo University
2011
Kanto Gakuin University
2007
Hokkaido University
2004
Abstract Urban climate experimental results from the Comprehensive Outdoor Scale Model (COSMO) were used to estimate roughness lengths for momentum and heat. Two different physical scale models investigate dependence of lengths; large model included an aligned array 1.5-m concrete cubes, small had a geometrically similar 0.15-m cubes. Only turbulent data unstable boundary layers considered. The length relative obstacle height was dependent on wind direction, but not evident. Estimated values...
City-scale warming is becoming a serious problem in terms of human health. Urban green spaces are expected to act as countermeasure for urban warming, and therefore better understanding the micro-climate benefits needed. This study quantified thermal influence large park Tokyo, Japan on surrounding area by collecting long-term measurements. Apparent variations temperature difference between town were found at both diurnal seasonal scales. Advection regional-scale wind turbulent mixing...
Abstract The influence of the COVID‐19 pandemic on urban CO 2 emissions was investigated using atmospheric observations in residential area (approximately 4 × 10 5 m ) Tokyo, Japan. measured flux decreased by 20% ± 3% April–May 2020 compared to same period during past few years. exchange ratio O and revealed breakdown emission sources; decrease due liquid fuel consumption, while household gas consumption slightly increased; this also supported simultaneously CO:CO concentration ratio. A...
Abstract. A total of 20 urban neighbourhood-scale eddy covariance flux tower datasets are made openly available after being harmonized to create a 50 site–year collection with broad diversity in climate and surface characteristics. Variables needed as inputs for land models (incoming radiation, temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind precipitation) quality controlled, gap-filled prepended 10 years reanalysis-derived local data, enabling an extended spin up equilibrate conditions. For both...
From November 2012 to October 2013, we measured the eddy covariance flux of carbon dioxide (CO2) in middle Tokyo, Japan. The study area is characterized as having low-vegetated mid-rise residence with some arterial roads. Contribution human activities CO2 was evaluated by hourly inventory analysis.The serves a net source whose annual total +4300 gC m−2 yr−1. resulting diurnal has one peak morning and late evening. This amplitude larger winter also on weekday. An analysis for shows that...
Abstract. In order to examine O2 consumption and CO2 emission in a megacity, continuous observations of atmospheric concentrations, along with flux, have been carried out simultaneously since March 2016 at the Yoyogi (YYG) site located middle Tokyo, Japan. An average : exchange ratio for net turbulent fluxes (ORF) between urban area overlaying atmosphere was obtained based on an aerodynamic method using observed concentrations. The yearly mean ORF found be 1.62, falling within range OR...
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Ryohei Misumi, National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, 3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-0006, Japan, E-mail: misumi@bosai.go.jp
Field observations were conducted at Ibaraki Airport, Japan, to determine the vertical development speed of shallow radiation fog. The in (less than several meters) fog was 3-16 cm min−1, and slower higher wind speeds. decreased when air above layer became drier, possibly due mixing with dry it. data presented here can be used nowcasting for aviation decision making.
Green spaces in urban areas as well water surfaces have been expected to mitigate the heat island effect. In hot and humid summers Japan, their cooling effect is especially valuable a natural resource for city planning. this paper, we show results of micro-climatologic observations performed around large park Shinjuku Gyoen during summer. The 58.3ha, located one main business districts Tokyo. It consists dense forest area, lawn ponds. topography almost completely flat but few meters lower...
A thermal property parameter for expressing the ground heat flux (cρλ; product of capacity and conductivity) urban complex terrain was estimated. The surface temperature time series observed during nocturnal radiative cooling, employed in estimation. obtained using airborne-measured upward longwave radiation order to consider directional anisotropy radiometric temperature. effective a town-scale area found be two four times larger than that material component. explanation this, shown by...
Pulsatile flow patterns in polyvinyl tubes were visualized by means of streaming birefringence and compared with those obtained using an electromagnetic flowmeter. At low rates the frequency spectrum pattern is similar to that volume flow. As are progressively increased, irregular eddies appear, particularly during deceleration flow, first central core later spreading into peripheral sleeve. They characterized a wide spectrum. The concepts laminar turbulent reviewed evidence presented which...
The zero-plane displacement height d was evaluated in downtown Tokyo by the two independent methods of temperature variance and scintillometer heat flux. Regardless method, exceeds area-weighted average building height. This may be because d, which represents point effect for wind drag, is elevated some tall buildings that jut above others. would then unsuitable as a geometrical index urban canopies with large variations. Thus, upper envelope canopy proposed representative canyon
The mitigation effects of green spaces in urban areas are investigated with several microclimatic observations Tokyo. On a clear calm night, flow-out wind directions from to surrounding were discerned at measuring points along the boundary sharp temperature fall few degrees. These imply accumulation cold air mass park and its gravitational into area. Under this condition, significant drop an adjacent built-up area was observed within range 80-90 m case Shinjuku-Gyoen Park. This limit more or...
Researchers across research domains have traditionally used two different methods to characterize the emission sources of pollution in atmosphere. One widely area air utilizes ratio elements aerosol, namely, PM2.5. The other method climate-related is oxidative (OR = −ΔO2/ΔCO2) air. In this study, these were simultaneously applied for first time estimate source PM2.5 pollution. During a week-long event that occurred Tokyo Metropolitan area, Japan, concentration maxima observed temporal plot...
We investigated the inotropic effect of SCH00013 (4, 5-dihydro-6-[1-[2-hydroxy-2-(4-cyanophenyl)ethyl]-1,2,5, 6-tetrahydropyrido-4-yl]pyridazin-3(2H)-one) on isolated dog and rabbit ventricular muscles in indo-1 loaded cardiomyocytes. elicited a positive concentration-dependent manner (10(-6) to 10(-4) M) both species presence bupranolol. The effects M were 38% 29% maximal response isoproterenol. did not alter rate beating right atria. In cardiomyocytes, at increased systolic cell shortening...
The air temperature distribution and airflow field in an actual urban street canyon were clarified through intensive observations. 2-D of wind was on a N-S vertical cross section the E-W-oriented canyon. A steady single vortex, approximately equal to size canyon, frequently observed. rather distinct vortex observed when ambient winds above high their direction transverse Thermally unstable stratification also contributed formation vortex. advected cold mass, which produced by shade due...
Rivers in cities mitigate thermal environments on hot summer days. This paper presents a discussion of physical mechanisms that mitigation effect using field measurements taken downtown Tokyo. Because heat transfer upward over river surfaces affected by sea breezes, air temperatures near rivers are lower than those surrounding urban areas. Quadrant analysis revealed this results from the downward motion colder air, not heated air. The cold mass above intrudes into surface layer at space. In...
Does the presence of cities enhance precipitation? It is an issue that needs to be addressed. This study focuses on thermal excess in and attempts determine influence this parameter atmospheric instability, which constitutes background condition for convective precipitation. A simple analytical approach involving calculation daytime evolution mixed layer over a homogeneous ground surface was developed. The calculations were based data from ensemble average observations. Using these...