A5083330558- Urban Heat Island Mitigation
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Building Energy and Comfort Optimization
- Urban Green Space and Health
- Remote Sensing and Land Use
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Climate Change, Adaptation, Migration
- Noise Effects and Management
- Public Administration and Political Analysis
- Flood Risk Assessment and Management
- Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Urban Design and Spatial Analysis
- Climate Change and Health Impacts
- Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Robotics and Automated Systems
- Soil and Land Suitability Analysis
National University of Singapore
2016-2025
University of Wisconsin–Madison
2025
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
2019
Siemens (Germany)
2017
Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE
2016
Munich University of Applied Sciences
2014
Naval Postgraduate School
2014
University of Northern Iowa
2002
Fraunhofer Institute for Computer Graphics Research
2002
Felician University
2002
Abstract NOAA AVHRR satellite infra-red data are used to display the surface radiant temperature heat islands of Vancouver, British Columbia, Seattle, Washington, and Los Angeles, California. Heat island intensities largest in day-time warm season. Day-time intra-urban thermal patterns strongly correlated with land-use; industrial areas warmest vegetated, riverine or coastal coolest. Nocturnal correlation distribution land use less. This is reverse known characteristics near-surface air...
Abstract This paper provides a comprehensive, critical review of turbulence observations over cities. More than fifty studies are analysed with their experimental conditions summarized in an appendix. The main results based on 14 high‐quality experiments which met criteria stringent requirements. presented as non‐dimensional statistics to facilitate comparison between urban and work conducted other rough, inhomogeneous surfaces. Wake production associated bluff bodies, the distribution...
The temporal variability of the canopy-level urban heat island (UHI) Singapore is examined for different scales on basis observations during a 1-year period. Temperature data obtained from areas (commercial, Central Business District (CBD), high-rise and low-rise housing) are compared with ‘rural’ reference analysed respect to meteorological variables differences in land use. results indicate that peak UHI magnitude occurs 3–4 h (>6 h) after sunset commercial area, (at other sites). Higher...
Abstract Over the last 50 years developing world, much of which is located in (sub)tropical regions, has seen a dramatic growth its urban population associated with serious degradation environmental quality. The total number climate studies, however; still small (<20% all studies). available work further biased towards descriptive studies rather than process that seeks to indicate physical climatology cities. results allow for preliminary comparison data from temperate latitudes. Urban...
In the last two decades substantial advances have been made in understanding of scientific basis urban climates. These are reviewed here with attention to sustainability cities, applications that use climate information, and relation measurements modelling. Consideration is given from street (micro) scale neighbourhood (local) city region (meso) scale. Those areas where improvements needed next decade ensure more sustainable cities identified. High-priority recommendations following six...
Increasing urban tree cover is an often proposed mitigation strategy against heat as trees are expected to cool cities through evapotranspiration and shade provision. However, also modify wind flow aerodynamic roughness, which can potentially limit dissipation. Existing studies show a varying cooling potential of in different climates times the day. These differences so far not systematically explained partitioning individual effects challenging impossible observations alone. Here, we...
Abstract Cities are main contributors to the CO 2 rise in atmosphere. It is clear that accurate estimates of magnitude anthropogenic and natural urban emissions needed assess their influence on carbon balance. Increasingly eddy covariance (EC) method applied environments quantify fluxes. The technique has many advantages over other methods. a direct measure flux includes all major minor sources sinks, situ , non‐intrusive, quasi‐continuous with proper selection footprint can represent large...
Urban morphology is an important multidimensional variable to consider in climate modeling and observations, because it significantly drives the local micro-scale climatic variability cities. form can be described through urban canopy parameters (UCPs) that resolve spatial heterogeneity of cities by specifying 3-dimensional geometry, arrangement, materials features. The sky view factor (SVF) a dimension-reduced UCP capturing horizon limitation fractions. SVF has become popular metric...
Abstract. Increasing urbanization is likely to intensify the urban heat island effect, decrease outdoor thermal comfort, and enhance runoff generation in cities. Urban green spaces are often proposed as a mitigation strategy counteract these adverse effects, many recent developments of climate models focus on inclusion blue infrastructure inform planning. However, still lack ability account for different plant types oversimplify interactions between built environment, vegetation, hydrology....
Urban greenery is a favoured approach applied towards reducing urban warmth and climate discomfort, but ascertaining its measured perceived effectiveness in tropical climates relatively understudied. To this end, we investigated microclimate differences within an park (the Singapore Botanic Gardens) to assess if variations plot-scale land cover affect both objective (measured) subjective (surveyed) data. Over two monsoonal seasons, obtained data from four distinct sites—a rainforest stand,...
Abstract Heavy PM 2.5 (particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter equal to or less than μm) pollution and urban heat island (UHI) pose increasing threats human health living environment in populated cities. However, how affects the UHI intensity (UHII) has not been fully understood. The impacts of on wintertime UHII Beijing‐Tianjin‐Hebei megalopolis China are explored during 2013–2017. results show that at time daily maximum/minimum temperature (UHII max /UHII min ) exhibits a...
This study employed the Weather Research and Forecasting model with a single‐layer urban canopy to investigate environment of tropical city, Singapore. The coupled was evaluated against available observational data from sensor network flux tower. effects land use type anthropogenic heat (AH) on thermal wind were investigated series sensitivity tests using an ensemble approach for low advection, high convective potential energy, intermonsoon season cases. diurnal cycle spatial pattern island...
ABSTRACT Detailed eddy covariance measurements of radiation, energy and carbon dioxide fluxes over a residential neighbourhood Singapore are presented. The cover period ∼7 years represent the longest set flux data reported for tropical city. Owing to its equatorial location, observed radiation uniformly high throughout year. Annual changes in climate, exchange therefore much less than cities located outside Tropics. balance partitioning is nevertheless similar that subtropical mid‐latitude...
Abstract. Urban surfaces are usually net sources of CO2. Vegetation can potentially have an important role in reducing the CO2 emitted by anthropogenic activities cities, particularly when vegetation is extensive and/or evergreen. A direct and accurate estimation carbon uptake urban difficult due to particular characteristics ecosystem high variability tree distribution species. Here, we investigate flux from a residential neighbourhood Singapore using two different approaches. fluxes...
To date, existing urban land surface models (ULSMs) have been mostly evaluated and optimized for mid‐ high‐latitude cities. For the first time, we provide a comparative evaluation of four ULSMs tropical residential neighbourhood in Singapore using directly measured energy balance components. The simulations are performed offline, an 11 month period, bulk scheme TERRA_URB three intermediate complexity (CLM, SURFEX SUEWS). In addition, information from different parameter lists used to...