In the tropical and semi-arid regions of Africa, sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is mainly grown as a major food security crop. Understanding extent pattern genetic variability prerequisite criterion for improvement conservation. The diversity population structure 100 genotypes were profiled using 15 microsatellite loci. A total 108 alleles, with an overall mean 7.2 alleles per locus, produced by all loci used due to their high polymorphism. Polymorphic information content values...

Introduction Sorghum anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum sublineola , is the most destructive disease of sorghum, which causes up to 80% grain yield loss in susceptible varieties. The use resistance varieties an effective, durable, and eco-friendly strategy for anthracnose control. Knowledge phenotypic genetic variation C. vital designing appropriate management strategies. Methods present study examined morphology virulence 25 isolates recovered from various sorghum-producing regions...

Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, is a serious threat to global wheat production, and major bottleneck production in Ethiopia. Accurate identification analysis of pathogen's genetic structure helps develop robust STB management strategies. This study aimed at molecular 200 isolates Z. representing six populations central south-eastern regions A total 165 were confirmed Sanger sequencing internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region nuclear...

ABSTRACT Ethiopia is one of the centers origin for sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), where distinct agro‐ecological zones have significantly contributed to its genetic diversity. Although magnitude varies among country's regions, production severely constrained by anthracnose caused Colletotrichum sublineola , causing significant grain and biomass losses. This study was conducted identify landraces grown in with broad‐spectrum resistance assess effect environments on interaction. In...

Methods. Within a multicenter study coordinated by WHO, an investigation of the etiologic agents pneumonia, sepsis and meningitis was performed among infants younger than 3 months age seen at Ethio-Swedish Children's Hospital in Addis Ababa for period 2 years. Of 816 enrolled 405 had clinical indications investigation. Results. There were total 41 isolates from blood cultures 40 infants. The showed that traditionally known acute respiratory infection pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae most...

Septoria tritici blotch, caused by the fungus Zymoseptoria titici , poses serious and persistent challenges to wheat cultivation in Ethiopia worldwide. Deploying resistant cultivars is a major component of controlling septoria blotch (STB). Thus, objective this study was elucidate genomic architecture STB resistance an association panel 178 bread genotypes. The phenotyped for resistance, phenology, yield, yield-related traits three locations 2 years. also genotyped single nucleotide...

The present study was initiated to optimize in vitro protocol for mass propagation of two commercial sugarcane clones (Co 449 and Co 678) grown in Ethiopia through shoot tip culture. Experiments on multiplication rooting were laid out a completely randomized design with factorial treatment arrangements. Shoot tips surface sterilized 5% active chlorinated Berekina 25 min Murashige Skoog (MS) medium supplemented 2 mg L-1 6- benzylamino purine + 0.5 L-1 indole-3- butyric...

Regardless of its serious health effect, mercury chloride is frequently utilized for surface sterilization to mitigate microbial contamination in sugarcane tissue culture. The current study aimed at finding an alternative safer and cost effective method substitute chloride. In the study, shoot tip blocks were treated with three concentrations (1, 3, 5% active ingredient chlorine) local bleach (Berekina) varying exposure time (10, 15, 20, 25 30 min). Surface 0.1% 10 min was used as standard...

Biotic stresses significantly limit global crop production.Identification and use of resistant cultivars is currently seen as the best strategy, cheapest, durable environmentally friendly method to manage biotic stresses.However, resistance gained through single gene/quantitative trait loci (QTLs) transfer leads breakdown within a short period.Hence, current breeding programs targeted at developing and/ broad spectrum by pyramiding multiple genes/QTLs.Despite its significant contributions...

Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are of the tract and among most prominent causes disability mortality globally (1) . obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) lung cancer leading cause death all CRDs (2) Evidence showed that diet, particularly ultra-processed foods (UPFs) strongly associated with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer, depression (3) However, link between UPFs intake has rarely been investigated. we aimed to examine association UPF consumption risk due overall, COPD adults...

Abstract. The present study was conducted to assess the nature and magnitude of genetic variability traits association bread wheat genotypes for yield related traits. A total 180 were evaluated in alpha lattice design with three replications 2017/18 cropping season. Data 10 quantitative collected subjected analysis variance. result from variance revealed highly significant observed among all studied. Phenotypic coefficient variation (PCV) is superior over genotypic (GCV) most but narrow...

The advent and application of molecular markers technology enabled dissection genomic regions underling important agronomic traits in crop plants. Isolation sufficient quantity good quality DNA from a large number plant samples is major challenge most genetic analyses. Wheat the world's third food security on which breeding engineering researches have been undertaken. So far, several wheat isolation protocols commercial kits are available. However, some, cost so prohibitive for small...

Eragrostis tef (Zucc.) Trotter is Ethiopia's most significantly important grain crop; however, its productivity quite low (1.7 tons per hectare) due to a variety of issues, including the poor yield potential varieties produced thus far. To achieve future production improvements in tef, comprehensive study crop's genetic variability and variety, utilizing both morphological markers, necessary. The was designed assess diversity 64 genotypes 10 SSR markers. This investigation took place at...

Septoria tritici blotch (STB), caused by the hemibiotrophic fungus Zymoseptoria tritici, is a serious threat to global wheat production, and major bottleneck production in Ethiopia. Accurate identification analysis of pathogens genetic structure helps inform robust STB management. This study analyzed molecular identity 200 Z. isolates retrieved from diseased crops central south-eastern regions Allelic diversity at 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) loci was examined for all isolates, 165 were...

Abstract Wheat is one of the major food crop in Ethiopia and elsewhere world. Genetic diversity provides breeders chance to create new, improved varieties with desirable traits. In this study genetic population structure 180 bread wheat germplasms representing eight populations were analyzed using ten Inter Simples Sequence Repeat (ISSR) marker. Based on indices all ISSR markers polymorphic highly informative describe crop. High within-populations a mean alleles 1.47, effective 1.33,...