Morella rubra (Myricaceae), also known as Chinese bayberry, is an economically important, subtropical, evergreen fruit tree. The phylogenetic placement of Myricaceae within Fagales and the origin bayberry's domestication are still unresolved. In this study, we report chloroplast (cp) genome M. take advantage several previously reported genomes from related taxa to examine patterns evolution in Fagales. cp three individuals were 159,478 bp, 159,568 bp 159.586 length, respectively, comprising...

We investigated the biogeographic history of Kalopanax septemlobus, one most widespread temperate tree species in East Asia, using a combined phylogeographic and palaeodistribution modelling approach. Range-wide genetic differentiation at nuclear microsatellites (G'(ST) = 0.709; 2205 samples genotyped five loci) chloroplast DNA (G(ST) 0.697; 576 sequenced for 2055 bp three fragments) was high. A major break Central China corresponded with those other spatial delineation two forest...

Glacial aridity of the Pleistocene was inhospitable for cool temperate rainforest tree Nothofagus cunninghamii over most its current range in southeastern Australia, particularly eastern Tasmania. A chloroplast DNA phylogeographic study undertaken to investigate whether this species likely have survived situ or conforms a dispersal model postglacial recovery. Twenty-three haplotypes were identified by PCR-RFLP and direct sequencing 2164 base pairs from 213 N. individuals collected range-wide...

Abstract Aim Palaeoendemics are clades that ancient but geographically restricted, often because they have been selected against in other areas. Ecological similarities among palaeoendemics may be indicators of environments. We determine the environmental ranges remarkable palaeoendemic plants T asmania to deduce whether indicate long‐term persistence particular conditions. Location Tasmania, A ustralia, a global centre plant palaeoendemism, containing some world's most relictual lineages....

Abstract Aim Many predictions of responses to future climate change utilize ecological niche models ( ENM s). We assess the capacity these predict species distributions under conditions that differ from current environment by testing whether they can past species. Location From 43° S 31° in south‐eastern A ustralia (including T asmania). Methods studied three dominant tree temperate ustralian mesic forests, therosperma moschatum , E ucalyptus regnans and N othofagus cunninghamii ....

DNA barcode databases are increasingly available for a range of organisms, facilitating the wide application barcode-based studies. Here we announce development comprehensive reference library Japanese native woody seed plants representing 43 orders, 99 families, 303 genera and 834 species, comprising 77.3% 72.2% species in Japan. A total 6216 plant specimens were collected from 223 sites across subtropical, temperate, boreal alpine biomes Japan with most represented by multiple accessions....

Standard models of plant speciation assume strictly dichotomous genealogies in which a species, the ancestor, is replaced by two offspring species. The reality wind-pollinated trees with long evolutionary histories more complex: species evolve from other through isolation when genetic drift exceeds gene flow; lineage mixing can give rise to new (hybrid taxa such as nothospecies and allopolyploids). multi-copy, potentially multi-locus 5S rDNA one few regions conserving signal reticulate...

Few chloroplast-based genetic studies have been undertaken for plants of mesic temperate forests in the southern hemisphere and fossil-based models provided evidence vegetation history only at broadest scales this region. This study investigates chloroplast DNA phylogeography Tasmannia lanceolata (Winteraceae), a fleshy-fruited, bird-dispersed shrub that is widespread mountains southeastern Australia Tasmania. Thirty haplotypes were identified after sequencing 3206 bp each 244 individuals...

Abstract The often patchy distribution of serpentine geology can lead to abrupt changes in soil and microclimates. Thus, areas provide an ideal natural setting understand how divergent selection drives the process local adaptation edaphically specialized plants. When ecotype is surrounded by a related nonserpentine ecotype, balance potential gene flow should maintain different ecotypes over very short distances. We aimed reveal mechanisms allowing goldenrod species co‐occur sympatrically...

The genus Tsuga is an ecologically important forest tree of Japan with two endemic species, the subalpine diversifolia and temperate sieboldii. Despite dominating some most remaining natural forests in Japan, genetic diversity structure these species unknown studies hindered by a lack resources. This study reports complete chloroplast genome sequences both T. sieboldii development polymorphic microsatellite markers. genomes are 120,802 120,797 bp length, respectively shared identical...

Background and AimsThe cool temperate rainforests of Australia were much reduced in range during the cold dry glacial periods, although genetic evidence indicates that two key rainforest species, Nothofagus cunninghamii Tasmannia lanceolata, survived within multiple locations underwent only local expansions at end Last Glacial. To better understand response a co-occurring but wind-dispersed less cold-tolerant tree Atherosperma moschatum, chloroplast phylogeographic study was undertaken.

Standard models of speciation assume strictly dichotomous genealogies in which a species, the ancestor, is replaced by two offspring species. The reality more complex: plant species can evolve from other via isolation when genetic drift exceeds gene flow; lineage mixing give rise to new (hybrid taxa such as nothospecies and allopolyploids). multi-copy, potentially multi-locus 5S rDNA one few regions conserving signal reticulate evolutionary processes down level intra-genomic recombination....

PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Homoploid hybrid speciation is receiving growing attention due the increasing recognition of its role in speciation. We investigate if individuals intermediate morphology between two species conifer genus Athrotaxis represent a homoploid species, A. laxifolia , or are spontaneous F 1 hybrids. METHODS: A total 1055 cupressoides and selaginoides morphologically individuals, putative swarms were sampled across range genotyped with 13 microsatellites. used simulations to...

Thuja sutchuenensis Franch. is an extremely endangered conifer (Cupressaceae) species that endemic to southwestern China. It was once considered extinct in the wild and rediscovered after 100 years later October 1999. Due habitat destruction from nature humans, population has decreased sharply distribution range narrow. Thus there urgent need evaluate genetic variation within this order establish a feasible conservation strategy. In study, we used six single-copy nuclear loci (4CL, LEAFY,...

Abstract The warmer and drier climates projected for the mid‐ to late‐21st century may have particularly adverse impacts on cool temperate rainforests of southeastern A ustralia. Southern beech ( N othofagus cunninghamii ; othofagaceae), a dominant tree species in these forests, be vulnerable minor changes its climate envelope, especially at edge range, with H olocene fossil evidence showing local extinction populations response small changes. We modelled stability this envelope using...

This study reports the whole chloroplast genome of Fagus crenata (subgenus Fagus), a foundation tree species Japanese temperate forests. The has total 158,227 bp containing 111 genes, including 76 protein-coding 31 tRNA genes and 4 ribosomal RNA genes. Comparison with only other published genome, F. engeleriana Engleriana) shows that genomes are relatively conserved no inversions or rearrangements observed while proportion nucleotide sites differing between two was equal to 0.0018. six most...

Sciadopitys verticillata is amongst the most relictual of all plants, being last living member an ancient conifer lineage, Sciadopityaceae, and distributed in small disjunct populations high rainfall regions Japan. Although mega-fossils indicate persistence species within Japan through Pleistocene glacial–interglacial cycles, how withstood colder drier climates glacials not well known. The present study utilized phylogeography palaeodistribution modelling to test whether survived...

Investigating species distributions across geographic barriers is a commonly utilized method in biogeography to help understand the functional traits that allow plants disperse successfully. Here biogeographic pattern analysis approach extended by using chloroplast DNA whole-genome 'mining' examine have impacted dispersal of widespread temperate forest an intermittent seaway, 200 km wide Bass Strait south-eastern Australia.Multiple, co-distributed both dry and wet forests were sampled from...

Abstract Aim The impacts of Holocene fires on the genetic architecture fire‐intolerant species have largely been overlooked. Here, we investigate relative last glacial climate versus diversity two co‐occurring, conifers using a comparative population study. Location palaeoendemic plant‐rich montane rain forests and alpine coniferous heath Tasmania, Australia. Methods Tasmanian endemic Athrotaxis cupressoides D. Don (461 samples from 20 populations) Diselma archeri Hook.f. (576 23...

Phylogeography infers patterns of migration, demography, and historical relationships from genetic data. Such studies have been particularly useful in understanding vicariance colonization processes pest species. Using a low-density single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data set we investigated the range-wide phylogeography mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus poderosae Hopk., Coleoptera: Curculionidae) North America using approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) methods. Our suggest early...

Abstract Global increases in fire frequency driven by anthropogenic greenhouse emissions and land use change could threaten unique ancient species creeping into long-term refugia. The perhumid mountainous western half of Tasmania is a globally important refugium for palaeo-endemic, intolerant lineages, especially conifers. Reproductive strategy will be crucial to the resilience these organisms under warmer, dryer more prone climates. This study analysed clonal versus sexual reproduction old...