Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is a powerful tool for monitoring brain functional activities. Due to its non-invasive and non-restraining nature, fNIRS has found broad applications in studies. However, work well, it important reduce sensitivity motion artifacts. We propose new wavelet-based method removing artifacts from signals. The relies on differences between signal terms of duration amplitude specifically designed spike assume Gaussian distribution the wavelet...

It is shown how genetic algorithms can be applied for system identification of both continuous and discrete time systems. that they are effective in domains able to directly identify physical parameters or poles zeros. This useful because changing one parameter might affect every a transfer function. The estimates zeros then used design pole placement adaptive controller. Simulations minimum nonminimum phase systems with unmodeled dynamics presented.< <ETX...

We present a novel method for estimating respiratory rate in real time from the photoplethysmogram (PPG) obtained pulse oximetry. Three respiratory-induced variations (frequency, intensity, and amplitude) are extracted PPG using Incremental-Merge Segmentation algorithm. Frequency content of each variation is analyzed fast Fourier transforms. The proposed Smart Fusion then combines results three transparent mean calculation. It automatically eliminates estimations considered to be unreliable...

This paper presents a new blind equalization algorithm called multimodulus (MMA). combines the benefits of well-known reduced constellation (RCA) and constant modulus (CMA). In addition, MMA provides more flexibility than RCA CMA, is better suited to take advantage symbol statistics certain types signal constellations, such as nonsquare very dense some wrong solutions.

A novel wavelet-based algorithm for real-time detection of epileptic seizures using scalp EEG is proposed. In a moving-window analysis, the from each channel decomposed by wavelet packet transform. Using coefficients seizure and nonseizure references, patient-specific measure developed to quantify separation between states frequency range 1-30 Hz. Utilizing this measure, band representing maximum two determined employed develop normalized index, called combined index (CSI). CSI derived epoch...

Nocturnal cardiovascular events are more frequent at the beginning and end of night. It was proposed that this pattern reflects nocturnal distribution sleep stages. Using heart rate variability (HRV), we recently showed an interaction between circadian system vigilance states on regulation cardiac rhythmicity. Here, further investigate in order to clarify specific effects stages heart. Participants underwent a 72-h ultradian sleep-wake cycle procedure time isolation consisting alternating...

The behaviour of adaptive controllers in the presence unmodelled dynamics, and need for reduced a priori information have led us to abandon usual ARMA transfer function representation by an orthonormal series. appeal our new approach is that it eliminates assumptions about plant order time delay. modelled Laguerre network put state-space form. A simple predictive control law proposed. An explicit deterministic controller then designed. Simulations show easy use, able handle non-minimum phase...

A novel patient-specific seizure prediction method based on the analysis of positive zero-crossing intervals in scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) is proposed. In a moving-window analysis, histogram these for current EEG epoch computed, and values corresponding to specific bins are selected as an observation. Then, set observations from last 5 min compared with two reference sets data points (preictal interictal) through measures similarity dissimilarity variational Bayesian Gaussian mixture...

This paper reports on a novel method for quantifying the cortical activity of patient during general anesthesia as surrogate measure patient's level consciousness. The proposed technique is based analysis single-channel (frontal) electroencephalogram (EEG) signal using stationary wavelet transform (SWT). coefficients calculated from EEG are pooled into statistical representation, which then compared to two well-defined states: awake state with normal activity, and isoelectric maximal...

Abstract This paper presents a systematic procedure to design both robust PID controllers and based on fractional calculus (based Commande Robuste d'Ordre Non Entier, or CRONE methodology) regulate the hypnotic state of anesthesia with intravenous administration propofol. The objective is provide an adequate drug regimen for propofol avoid under over dosing patients. are designed compensate patients inherent drug–response variability (uncertainty), achieve good output disturbance rejection,...

Our aim was to investigate how circadian adaptation night shift work affects psychomotor performance, sleep, subjective alertness and mood, melatonin levels, heart rate variability (HRV). Fifteen healthy police officers on patrol working rotating shifts participated a bright light intervention study with 2 participants studied under two conditions. The entered the laboratory for 48 h before after series of 7 consecutive in field. nighttime daytime sleep periods were scheduled during first...

Morning hours are associated with a heightened risk of adverse cardiovascular events. Recent evidence suggests that the sleep-wake cycle and endogenous circadian system modulate cardiac function in humans may contribute to these epidemiological findings. The aim present study was investigate interaction between sleep-wake–dependent processes on heart rate variability (HRV). Fifteen diurnally active healthy young adults underwent 72-h ultradian (USW) procedure (alternating 60-min wake...

Background Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) can lead to daytime sleepiness, growth failure and developmental delay in children. Polysomnography (PSG), the gold standard diagnose SDB, is a highly resource-intensive test, confined sleep laboratory. Aim To combine blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) characterization cardiac modulation, quantified by pulse rate variability (PRV), identify children with SDB using Phone Oximeter, device integrating oximeter smartphone. Methods Following ethics approval...

Pulse oximeters are monitors that noninvasively measure heart rate and blood oxygen saturation (SpO2). Unfortunately, pulse oximetry is prone to artifacts which negatively impact the accuracy of measurement can cause a significant number false alarms. We have developed an algorithm segment signals into pulses estimate signal quality in real time. The iteratively calculates index (SQI) ranging from 0 100. In presence irregular morphology, outputs low SQI number. segmentation uses derivative...

The photoplethysmogram (PPG) obtained from pulse oximetry measures local variations of blood volume in tissues, reflecting the peripheral modulated by heart activity, respiration and other physiological effects. We propose an algorithm based on correntropy spectral density (CSD) as a novel way to estimate respiratory rate (RR) (HR) PPG. Time-varying CSD, technique particularly well-suited for signal patterns, is applied cardiac frequency peaks detected at extended (8 60 breaths/min) (30 180...

Using feedback, a standard tool in control engineering, we can manage our response to the novel coronavirus pandemic for maximum survival while containing damage economies

Any discrete-time stable transfer function can be expressed by a Laguerre series with chosen time scale. An optimum scale such that an index is minimized derived. This ensures the coefficients of higher-order functions go toward zero quickly. The solution derived requires knowledge impulse response discrete plant. Cases first-order plants, second-order underdamped and plants multiunit delay are also discussed.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"...

Blood pressure measurement is performed either invasively by an intra arterial catheter or noninvasively cuff sphygmomanometry. The invasive method continuous and accurate but has increased risk; the safe less reliable infrequent. A noninvasive blood highly desirable. While possibility of using pulse transit time to monitor previously been investigated, most studies were limited calculating correlation under rather static conditions. relationship between yet be clearly identified. This paper...

This paper describes the design of a robust proportional-integral derivative (PID) controller for propofol infusion in children and presents results clinical evaluation this closed-loop system during endoscopic investigations age 6-17. The is based on set models that interpatient variability response to study population. PID tuned achieve sufficient robustness margins identified uncertainty. 108 were enrolled study, anesthesia was controlled 102 these cases. Clinical shows control both...

Pulse oximeters non-invasively measure heart rate and oxygen saturation have great potential for predicting critical illness. The photoplethysmogram (PPG) recorded from pulse oximetry is often corrupted with artifacts. These artifacts render the derived vital signs inaccurate.

The recommended method for measuring respiratory rate (RR) is counting breaths 60 s using a timer. This not efficient in busy clinical setting. There an urgent need robust, low-cost that can help front-line health care workers to measure RR quickly and accurately. Our aim was develop more assessment method. estimated by the median time interval between obtained from tapping on touch screen of mobile device. estimation continuously validated consistency (% deviation median) each interval....

The development of mobile applications for the diagnosis and management pregnant women with pre-eclampsia is described. These are designed use by community-based health care providers (c-HCPs) in facilities during home visits to collect symptoms perform clinical measurements (including pulse oximeter readings). data collected used as inputs a predictive model providing risk score adverse outcomes. Based on this risk, provide recommendations treatment, referral, reassessment. c-HCPs can...