Thermoelectric inorganic films are flexible when sufficiently thin. By removing the substrate, that is, making them free-standing, flexibility of thermoelectric can be enhanced to utmost extent. However, studies on free-standing have not yet been reported. Herein, high performance and Ag2Se Free-standing with a thickness 25.0 ± 3.9 μm exhibited an in-plane zT 0.514 0.060 at room temperature. These superior compared constrained substrate. The was systematically investigated in terms bending...

Abstract The demand for high-capacity lithium-ion batteries (LIB) in electric vehicles has increased. In this study, optimization to maximize the specific energy density of a cell is conducted using LIB electrochemical model and sequential approximate (SAO). First, design experiments performed analyze sensitivity factors important density, such as electrode separator thicknesses, porosity, particle size. Then, variables are optimized maximum progressive quadratic response surface method...

Adverse aeroservoelastic interaction is a problem on aircraft of all types causing repeated loading, enhanced fatigue, undesirable oscillations and catastrophic flutter. This adverse response traditionally suppressed using notch and/or roll off filters in the primary flight control system architecture. solution has pitfalls; rigid body performance degraded due to resulting phase penalty filter may not be robust nominal behavior. An adaptive approach been developed that determines optimal...

Most company and organizations manage personnel, account, logistics etc through the database system. The business data stored these is very important to investigate dishonest act in view of digital forensics. However, it difficult extract meaningful without blueprints because table inside has exceedingly complicated relation role field was so ambiguous. If we don't obtain database's or even if get, but understand relationship meaning each field, cannot significant evidences. Therefore,...

A brake hardware-in-the-loop simulation system for a railway vehicle provides an effective platform testing the braking performance under various dangerous conditions. However, in general, four-brake calipers are required to implement mechanical one car. In this article, we only with caliper and three air tanks accounting hysteresis pneumatic cylinder dynamics, ultimately saving installation space reducing financial budget costs. Since has high nonlinearity, such as resulting from friction...

A numerical analysis method for predicting separator fracture and internal short circuit due to mechanical abuse of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is essential the design a safe LIB system. In this study, nonlinear detailed layered (NDL) model developed accurately predict an behavior cells fractures. Each component layer modeled as layer, considering actual thickness number layers. The predicted by material nonlinearity strain-rate effect anisotropy. comparison with quasi-static indentation...

Microgrippers have been developed for handling and manipulating micro-sized objects in MEMS applications biotechnology. Many kinds of materials structures microgrippers fields various applications. However, design methods not studied widely. This paper presents a perturbation-based microgripper method with two constraints which are residual error an energy balance can be used system parameter identification model correlation structural systems. mechanical systems undesirable static dynamic...

The development of a mechanical structure needs to be started from the conceptual design with low cost, high performance and quality. In this regard, structural topological shape system has great e ect on in terms rigidity, strength mass reduction. paper, optimization methodologies stages an aluminium control arm for suspension are presented. First, using topology optimization, optimal layout reinforcement obtained, then detail designs carried out rigidity strength. comparison steel arm,...

The US Army currently uses the root mean square of elevation (RMSE) and power spectral density (PSD) to characterise road/terrain roughness for ground vehicle durability assessment. This paper describes research aimed toward improving these measures. One potential method is running a relatively simple, yet class specific model over given terrain using predicted response(s) terrain. A precedent this concept International Roughness Index (IRI), used in highway industry. IRI consists simple...

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for electric vehicles are exposed to large deformations and damage caused by vehicle accidents. Therefore, there exists an internal short circuit (ISC) risk owing separator failure. This paper proposes a framework optimizing the energy density while preventing failure of LIB pouch cell. In this study, cell was evaluated according SAE J2464 crush test standard using representative sandwich (RS) mechanical model. The power performance were constant current...

Large-format lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) suffer from problems in terms of their product life and capacity due to large temperature differences LIB cells. This study analyzes the effect design factors on distribution using a 3D electrochemical–thermal model. The experiments methodology is used obtain sampling points analyze cell aspect ratio, negative tab attachment position, positive position. These were considered as for maximum minimum temperatures, well difference, large-format results...

This paper presents the numerical modeling of a piezoelectric actuator used to avoid limitation lock-in region in ring resonator. Ring resonators have proved suitable for use as inertial sensors navigation, guidance and attitude controls. However, their accuracy has been limited by due frequency coupling between two counter-propagating waves at low rotation rates. introduces no phase difference, angular increment is detected. The problem can be overcome mechanically dithering Mechanically,...