Fuzzing is a software testing technique that finds bugs by repeatedly injecting mutated inputs to target program. Known be highly practical approach, fuzzing gaining more popularity than ever before. Current research on has focused producing an input likely trigger vulnerability.

Exploitable bugs in smart contracts have caused significant monetary loss. Despite the substantial advances contract bug finding, exploitable and real-world attacks are still trending. In this paper we systematically investigate 516 unique vulnerabilities years 2021–2022, study how many can be exploited by malicious users cannot detected existing analysis tools. We further categorize that tools into seven types their root causes, distributions, difficulties to audit, consequences, repair...

Rule-based modeling (RBM) is a powerful and increasingly popular approach to cell signaling networks. However, novel visual tools are needed in order make RBM accessible broad range of users, specification models less error prone, improve workflows. We introduce RuleBender, visualization system for the integrated visualization, simulation rule-based intracellular biochemistry. present user requirements, paradigms, algorithms design decisions behind with emphasis on global/local model...

File systems, a basic building block of an OS, are too big and complex to be bug free. Nevertheless, file systems rely on regular stress-testing tools formal checkers find bugs, which limited due the ever-increasing complexity both OSes. Thus, fuzzing, proven effective practical approach, becomes preferable choice, as it does not need much knowledge about target. However, three main challenges exist in fuzzing systems: mutating large image blob that degrades overall performance, generating...

Fuzzing is a practical, widely-deployed technique to find bugs in complex, real-world programs like JavaScript engines. We observed, however, that existing fuzzing approaches, either generative or mutational, fall short fully harvesting high-quality input corpora such as known proof of concept (PoC) exploits unit tests. Existing fuzzers tend destruct subtle semantics conditions encoded the corpus order generate new test cases because this approach helps discovering code paths program....

File systems are too large to be bug free. Although handwritten test suites have been widely used stress file systems, they can hardly keep up with the rapid increase in system size and complexity, leading new bugs being introduced reported regularly. These come various flavors: simple buffer overflows sophisticated semantic bugs. bug-specific checkers exist, generally lack a way explore states thoroughly. More importantly, no turnkey solution exists that unifies checking effort of aspects...

Abstract Glutathione transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional enzymes that play important roles in plant development and responses to biotic abiotic stress. However, a systematic analysis of GST family members Brassica napus has not yet been reported. In this study, we identified 179 full-length genes B . , 44.2% which clustered on various chromosomes. addition, 141 duplicated gene pairs Molecular evolutionary showed speciation whole-genome triplication played the divergence genes....

Since vulnerabilities in Linux kernel are on the increase, attackers have turned their interests into related exploitation techniques. However, compared with numerous researches exploiting use-after-free user applications, few efforts studied how to exploit due difficulties that mainly come from uncertainty of memory layout. Without specific information leakage, could only conduct a blind overwriting strategy trying corrupt critical part kernel, for which success rate is negligible.

Evolutionary life history theory seeks to explain how reproductive and survival traits are shaped by selection through allocations of an individual's resources competing functions. Although life-history evolve rapidly, little is known about the genetic cellular mechanisms that control couple these tradeoffs. Here, we find two laboratory-adapted strains C. elegans descended from a single common ancestor lived in 1950s have differences number traits, including timing, lifespan, dauer...

The standard reference Caenorhabditis elegans strain, N2, has evolved marked behavioral changes in social feeding behavior since its isolation from the wild. We show that causal, laboratory-derived mutations two genes, npr-1 and glb-5, confer large fitness advantages laboratory conditions. Using environmental manipulations suppress social/solitary differences, we of derived alleles remained unchanged, suggesting selection on these acted through pleiotropic traits. Transcriptomics,...

Abstract Summary: Rule-based modeling (RBM) is a powerful and increasingly popular approach to intracellular biochemistry. Current interfaces for RBM are predominantly text-based command-line driven. Better visual tools needed make accessible broad range of users, specification models less error prone improve workflows. We present RULEBENDER, an open-source interface that facilitates interactive debugging, simulation analysis RBMs. Availability: RULEBENDER freely available Mac, Windows Linux...

ABSTRACT Liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) plays a crucial role in various biological processes eukaryotic organisms, including immune responses mammals. However, the specific function of LLPS Drosophila melanogaster remains poorly understood. Cactin, highly conserved protein eukaryotes, is involved non-canonical signaling pathway associated with Nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)-related pathways . In this study, we investigated Cactin and its implications for response modulation. We discovered...

Dove tree (Davidia involucrata Baill.) is a rare and endangered species. Natural reproduction of dove extremely difficult due to its low fecundity. Serious seed abortion one the key factors restraining sexual reproduction. Understanding inducements critical for addressing issue offspring production survivability such an However, studies on molecular mechanism in woody plants are lacking, dearth genomic resources restricts further research. In this study, using Illumina platform, we performed...

Most biological traits and common diseases have a strong but complex genetic basis, controlled by large numbers of variants with small contributions to trait or disease risk. The effect-size most is not absolute instead dependent upon multiple factors such as the age background an organism. In order understand mechanistic basis these changes, we characterized heritable differences between two domesticated strains C. elegans. We previously identified major effect locus, caused in part...

Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is a genetically tractable model organism for photosynthesis research. The genome of consists circular chromosome and seven plasmids. importance small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) as mediators number cellular processes in bacteria has begun to be recognized. However, little known regarding sRNAs 6803. To provide comprehensive overview this organism, the were analyzed using deep sequencing, 7,951,189 reads obtained. High quality mapping (6,127,890) mapped onto assembled...

The DOM engine of a web browser is popular attack surface and has been thoroughly fuzzed during its development. A common approach adopted by the latest fuzzers to generate new inputs based on context-free grammars. However, such generative fails capture data dependencies in engine, namely, HTML documents. Meanwhile, it unclear whether or not coverage-guided mutation, which well-known be effective fuzzing numerous software, still remains against engines. Worse yet, existing cannot adopt...

Selfish genetic elements can promote their transmission at the expense of individual survival, creating conflict between element and rest genome. Recently, a large number toxin-antidote (TA) post-segregation distorters have been identified in non-obligate outcrossing nematodes. Their origin evolutionary forces that keep them intermediate population frequencies are poorly understood. Here, we study TA Caenorhabditis elegans called zeel-1;peel-1 . Two major haplotypes this locus, with without...

Yellow seed coat color is a desirable characteristic in rapeseed (Brassica napus), as it associated with higher oil content and quality of meal. Alternative splicing (AS) vital post-transcriptional regulatory process contributing to plant cell differentiation organ development. To identify novel transcripts differences at the isoform level that are B. napus, we compared 31 RNA-seq libraries yellow- black-seeded napus five different developmental stages. AS events samples were highly similar,...