Cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) is one of the key enabling vehicular communication technologies endorsed by industry, scientists, and researchers. Introduced 3GPP, LTE device-to-device in Release 12 evolved into C-V2X with mode 3 4. In 4, semi-persistent -scheduling-based sensing performed vehicles to select resources. However, when density increases, performance 4 degrades. To address this challenge, 3GPP 16 introduced New Radio (NR) for V2X services, also known as NR-V2X. Modes 1 2...

Summary Aiming to the applications from security surveillance, military operational capabilities content and package delivery, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has a successfully created his space in available technologies. The compact sized powerful flying robots are wirelessly controlled capable complete tasks with without direct human intervention. UAVs however still face serious challenges that limit dream of autonomous machines. key include path planning obstacle avoidance these...

The integration of the Internet Things (IoT) in our lives has become reality during last decade. Mostly, IoT is considered a system systems, where sensors make big chunk any communication system. Similarly, this paper, we introduce notion Underwater (IoUT), consider set deployed deep sea to form network for possible application, such as military, environmental, pollution surveillance, etc. Since it too optimistic recharge or replace sensor batteries an underwater environment, efficient...

The Internet of Engineering Task (IETF) developed a lighter application protocol (Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP)) for the constrained IoT devices operating in lossy environments. Based on UDP, CoAP is lightweight and efficient compared to other protocols such as HTTP, MQTT, etc. also provides reliable communication among nodes wireless sensor networks addition features resource observation, discovery, congestion control, These capabilities have enabled implementation various domains...

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and backscatter communications are considered to be promising technologies due their applications in large-scale Internet-of-things (IoT) networks for ensuring low-powered spectral-efficient communication. However, massive connectivity of IoT devices may result compromising the link security, resulting information leakage eavesdroppers. To solve this issue, we consider a multi-cell network where base station (BS) each cell communicates cellular users...

Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are an essential part of the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). VANETs promise to offer drivers and passengers safety, traffic efficiency, infotainment services. To this end, require vehicles periodically broadcast unencrypted beacon messages that contain position, velocity, timestamp, identity. Consequently, naturally expose users' identities locations, facilitating tracking by adversary. address location privacy issues, researchers have proposed...

This article provides an overview of technological advancements in Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) from the perspective 3 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">rd</sup> Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). With introduction 3GPP Release 17 & 18, there has been a significant emphasis on integrating satellite access networks into terrestrial networks. integration necessitates holistic design approach that spans multiple areas, including...

In Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN), Autonomous Vehicles (AUVs), which are responsible to collect(deliver) data from(to) sensors, bridge the network rest of world-wide form Internet Things (IoUT). IoUT acoustic sensors that cause long propagation delay together with slow AUV speed could render collected useless if not delivered sink in timely manner. addition, security, environment monitoring, and emergency applications age cached by is very crucial. this paper, we harnessed...

Recently, Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks (UWSN) have been proven to provide numerous application including military, environmental, and pollution surveillance, etc. However, once sensors are deployed in the deep sea, it is merely possible recharge or replace their batteries. Hence, an efficient management of available resources can extend network lifetime. For example, clustering sensor nodes a potential solution, yet, exchange multiple packets for cluster head selection, packet...

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are abundantly becoming a part of society, which is trend that expected to grow even further. The quadrotor one the drone technologies applicable in many sectors and both military civilian activities, with some applications requiring autonomous flight. However, stability, path planning, control remain significant challenges flights. Traditional algorithms, such as proportional-integral-derivative (PID), have deficiencies, especially tuning. Recently, machine...

Named Data Networking (NDN) is an information centric networking paradigm designed to support future internet traffic. However, the conventional NDN communication mechanism lacks ability adapt dynamic lossy underwater acoustic channel. With producer and consumer mobility, becomes more challenging. We propose evolved architecture for vehicular named data (UV-NDN) that keeps record of personal neighboring PIT with manager handling interest packets packets. In addition, we introduce a periodic...

In cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) mode 4 and New Radio V2X (NR-V2X) 2 based on local observations resources are scheduled by the vehicles themselves. For resource scheduling operation third generation partnership project (3GPP) defined semi-persistent (SPS). Vehicles rely sensing information received in sidelink control (SCI) over physical channel (PSCCH). Based vehicle select for its transmission reserve successive future transmissions. periodic transmission, SPS works fine...

Seamless connectivity between the vehicles and infrastructures is required for provisioning of future vehicular applications. However, in ad hoc networks (VANETs) such as roadside units (RSUs) are insufficient to provide ubiquitous coverage urban areas. Thus services get interrupted, which results lower network performance VANETs. Motivated by this paper, we proposed a Proactive UAV Placement (PUP) technique assist RSUs delivering out-of-coverage region placing UAVs appropriate positions. We...

Network Slicing (NS) was proposed as a viable solution in Release 15 of Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) to allocate the limited resources among different service types for improving their Quality-of-Service (QoS). However, advanced vehicular applications such autonomous driving, platooning, remote etc. have stringent QoS demands and standard NS architecture is not sustainable these services. Therefore, we propose compatible with 3GPP that implements an Actor-Critic based Deep...

Abstract Energy efficiency (EE) is currently the key performance evaluation metric for wireless networks. This paper considers maximization of EE an uplink network that uses single‐carrier frequency division multiple access. The considered bits/Joule, and a joint power subchannel allocation problem formulated to maximize this under constraints on minimum achieved data rate each user, maximum transmit budget exclusive as well consecutive access subchannels among users. nonlinear combinatorial...

The unique characteristics of underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSN) pose many constraints in transmission data packets and energy efficiency is one them. battery powered acoustic nodes require sophisticated protocols to control the nodes' active sleep periods order increase lifetime. In terrestrial a number variants Receiver Initiated MAC (RI-MAC) utilize cycles with aim improve overall network. Motivated by significance less costly efficient RI-MAC protocol, we present its two for...

Power allocation techniques for heterogeneous orthogonal frequency division multiple access networks have been well studied. However, due to the different structure of single carrier (SC-FDMA), these are not applicable employing SC-FDMA. Optimal uplink power in multiuser single-input–multiple-output (SIMO) SC-FDMA cellular is considered. Users' sum-rate maximisation problem with per-user transmit constraint formulated which a non-linear non-convex problem. This converted convex optimisation...