Marion Marchand
A5020201010- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Spacecraft Design and Technology
- Medical Imaging Techniques and Applications
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Spacecraft and Cryogenic Technologies
- Spectroscopy and Laser Applications
- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Particle Detector Development and Performance
- Space exploration and regulation
- Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems
- Magnetic confinement fusion research
- Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications
- Polar Research and Ecology
- Particle Accelerators and Free-Electron Lasers
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Radiative Heat Transfer Studies
Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux, observations spatiales
2010-2024
Atmosphere Systems and Services
2024
Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace
2010-2020
Sorbonne Université
2008-2020
Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
2007-2020
Université Paris-Saclay
2016-2020
Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines
2009-2020
Laboratoire de Recherche Scientifique
2017
Deltares
2016
Centre de Gestion Scientifique
2013
We present the global general circulation model IPSL-CM5 developed to study long-term response of climate system natural and anthropogenic forcings as part 5th Phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). This includes an interactive carbon cycle, a representation tropospheric stratospheric chemistry, comprehensive aerosols. As it represents principal dynamical, physical, bio-geochemical processes relevant system, may be referred Earth System Model. However, used in multitude...
Abstract This study presents the global climate model IPSL‐CM6A‐LR developed at Institut Pierre‐Simon Laplace (IPSL) to natural variability and response anthropogenic forcings as part of sixth phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6). article describes different components, their coupling, simulated in comparison previous versions. We focus here on representation physical along with main characteristics carbon cycle. The model's climatology, assessed from a range metrics (related...
Simulations of the stratosphere from thirteen coupled chemistry‐climate models (CCMs) are evaluated to provide guidance for interpretation ozone predictions made by same CCMs. The focus evaluation is on how well fields and processes that important determining distribution represented in simulations recent past. core period 1980 1999 but long‐term trends compared an extended (1960–2004). Comparisons polar high‐latitude temperatures show most CCMs have only small biases Northern Hemisphere...
Abstract. We present an overview of state-of-the-art chemistry–climate and chemistry transport models that are used within phase 1 the Chemistry–Climate Model Initiative (CCMI-1). The CCMI aims to conduct a detailed evaluation participating using process-oriented diagnostics derived from observations in order gain confidence models' projections stratospheric ozone layer, tropospheric composition, air quality, where applicable global climate change, interactions between them. Interpretation...
Abstract The implementation of boundary conditions is a key aspect climate simulations. We describe here how the Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) forcing data sets have been processed and implemented in Version Institut Pierre‐Simon Laplace (IPSL) model (IPSL‐CM6A‐LR) as used for CMIP6. Details peculiar to some Projects are also described. IPSL‐CM6A‐LR run without interactive chemistry; thus, tropospheric stratospheric aerosols well ozone be prescribed. improved aerosol...
Abstract. The enhancement of the stratospheric aerosol layer by volcanic eruptions induces a complex set responses causing global and regional climate effects on broad range timescales. Uncertainties exist regarding climatic response to strong forcing identified in coupled simulations that contributed fifth phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5). In order better understand sources these model diversities, Volcanic (VolMIP) has defined coordinated idealized perturbation...
Abstract. >We analyse simulations performed for the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (CCMI) to estimate return dates of stratospheric ozone layer from depletion caused by anthropogenic chlorine and bromine. We consider a total 155 20 models, including range sensitivity studies which examine impact climate change on recovery. For control (unconstrained nudging towards analysed meteorology) there is large spread (±20 DU in global average) predictions absolute column. Therefore, model...
The performance of 18 coupled Chemistry Climate Models (CCMs) in the Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL) is evaluated using qualitative and quantitative diagnostics. Trends tropopause quantities tropics extratropical Upper Troposphere Lower Stratosphere (UTLS) are analyzed. A grading methodology for evaluating CCMs extended to include variability used develop four different grades tropical temperature pressure, water vapor ozone. Four models multi‐model mean meet standards reproducing key...
Abstract. Projections of stratospheric ozone from a suite chemistry-climate models (CCMs) have been analyzed. In addition to reference simulation where anthropogenic halogenated depleting substances (ODSs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) vary with time, sensitivity simulations either ODS or GHG concentrations fixed at 1960 levels were performed disaggregate the drivers projected changes. These also used assess two distinct milestones returning historical values (ozone return dates) no longer...
[1] The stratospheric climate and variability from simulations of sixteen chemistry-climate models is evaluated. On average the polar night jet well reproduced though its less with a large spread between models. Polar temperature biases are than 5 K except in Southern Hemisphere (SH) lower stratosphere spring. accumulated area low temperatures responsible for cloud formation accurately Antarctic but underestimated Arctic. shape position vortex simulated, as tropical upwelling stratosphere....
The goal of the Chemistry‐Climate Model Validation (CCMVal) activity is to improve understanding chemistry‐climate models (CCMs) through process‐oriented evaluation and provide reliable projections stratospheric ozone its impact on climate. An appreciation details model formulations essential for how respond changing external forcings greenhouse gases ozone‐depleting substances, hence climate forecasts produced by participating in this activity. Here we introduce review used second round...
Global aerosol and ozone distributions their associated radiative forcings were simulated between 1850 2100 following a recent historical emission dataset under the representative concentration pathways (RCP) for future. These simulations used in an Earth System Model to account changes both radiatively chemically active compounds, when simulating climate evolution. The past negative stratospheric trends result forcing culminating at −0.15 W m−2 1990s. In meantime, tropospheric burden...
Abstract. The ozone profile records of a large number limb and occultation satellite instruments are widely used to address several key questions in research. Further progress some domains depends on more detailed understanding these data sets, especially their long-term stability mutual consistency. To this end, we made systematic assessment 14 sounders that, together, provide than three decades global measurements. In particular, considered the latest operational Level-2 by SAGE II, III,...
The internal variability and coupling between the stratosphere troposphere in CCMVal‐2 chemistry‐climate models are evaluated through analysis of annular mode patterns variability. Computation modes long data sets with secular trends requires refinement standard definition mode, a more robust procedure that allows for slowly varying is established verified. spatial temporal structure models’ then compared reanalyses. As whole, capture key features observed intraseasonal variability,...
Context. Since April 5, 2008 and up to February 15, 2017, the SOLar SPECtrometer (SOLSPEC) instrument of SOLAR payload on board International Space Station (ISS) has performed accurate measurements solar spectral irradiance (SSI) from middle ultraviolet infrared (165 3088 nm). These are primary importance for a better understanding physics impact variability climate. In particular, new reference spectrum (SOLAR-ISS) is established in during minima cycles 23–24 thanks revised engineering...
The observed decrease of ozone in the northern midlatitude lower stratosphere is only partially reproduced by chemical models. transport ozone‐depleted air from polar vortex one proposed mechanisms to explain discrepancy. Here we present a study on quantification mass transported during four winters 1996–1997 1999–2000, relation with filamentation and break up, using high‐resolution advection model MIMOSA isentropic surfaces. Sensitivity tests show that able predict location filaments...
Abstract. The international research project RECONCILE has addressed central questions regarding polar ozone depletion, with the objective to quantify some of most relevant yet still uncertain physical and chemical processes thereby improve prognostic modelling capabilities realistically predict response layer climate change. This overview paper outlines scope general approach RECONCILE, it provides a summary observations in 2010 2011 that have generated an many respects unprecedented...
[1] We use observations of N2O and mean age to identify realistic transport in models order explain their ozone predictions. The results are applied 15 chemistry climate (CCMs) participating the 2010 World Meteorological Organization assessment. Comparison observed simulated N2O, compact correlation identifies with fast or slow circulations reveals details model ascent tropical isolation. This process-oriented diagnostic is more useful than alone because it compensating deficiencies that...
Abstract. We validate the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) Profile (PROFOZ) product from October 2004 through December 2014 retrieved by Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) algorithm against ozonesonde observations. also evaluate effects of OMI row anomaly (RA) on retrieval dividing dataset into before and after occurrence serious RA, i.e., pre-RA (2004–2008) post-RA (2009–2014). The shows good agreement with ozonesondes in tropics midlatitudes for pressure < ∼ 50 hPa high...
The evolution of stratospheric ozone from 1960 to 2100 is examined in simulations 14 chemistry‐climate models, driven by prescribed levels halogens and greenhouse gases. There general agreement among the models that total column reached a minimum around year 2000 at all latitudes, projected be followed an increase over first half 21st century. In second century, continue increasing, level off, or even decrease depending on latitude. Separation into partial columns above below 20 hPa reveals...
In this paper we investigate daily variations in middle atmospheric water vapor and ozone based on data from two ground‐based microwave radiometers located the Alpine region of Europe. Temperature are obtained a lidar near stations SABER experiment TIMED satellite. This unique set observations is complemented by three different three‐dimensional (3‐D) chemistry‐climate models (Monitoring Stratospheric Depletion Ozone Layer (MSDOL), Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique Reactive Processes...
Abstract. This paper discusses the highlights of EU-funded "Assimilation Envisat data" (ASSET) project, which has involved assimilation atmospheric constituent and temperature data into systems based on Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models chemical transport (CTMs). was launched in 2002 is one largest Earth Observation (EO) satellites ever built. It carries several sophisticated EO instruments providing insights chemistry dynamics atmosphere. In this we focus constituents from Envisat....
Coupled chemistry‐climate model simulations covering the recent past and continuing throughout 21st century have been completed with a range of different models. Common forcings are used for halogen amounts greenhouse gas concentrations, as expected under Montreal Protocol (with amendments) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change A1b Scenario. The Antarctic ozone hole compared using commonly diagnostics: minimum ozone, maximum area below 220 DU, mass deficit DU. Despite fact that processes...
Abstract We have diagnosed the lifetimes of long‐lived source gases emitted at surface and removed in stratosphere using six three‐dimensional chemistry‐climate models a two‐dimensional model. The all used same standard photochemical data. investigate effect different definitions lifetimes, including running with both mixing ratio (MBC) flux (FBC) boundary conditions. Within model, by methods agree very well. Using FBCs versus MBCs leads to tracer burden as implied lifetime contained MBC...
Abstract. Major mid-winter stratospheric sudden warmings (SSWs) are the largest instance of wintertime variability in Arctic stratosphere. Because SSWs able to cause significant surface weather anomalies on intra-seasonal timescales, several previous studies have focused their potential future change, as might be induced by anthropogenic forcings. However, a wide range results been reported, from increase frequency an actual decrease. Several factors explain these contradictory results,...