E. Mancini
A5024302905- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Climate variability and models
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Climate Change and Geoengineering
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Advanced Aircraft Design and Technologies
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Analytical Chemistry and Chromatography
- History and advancements in chemistry
- Muon and positron interactions and applications
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Carcinogens and Genotoxicity Assessment
- Climate Change Policy and Economics
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Particle accelerators and beam dynamics
- Ocean Acidification Effects and Responses
- Toxic Organic Pollutants Impact
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies
- Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems
University of L'Aquila
2006-2018
Centro de Tecnologia Mineral
2018
Centro Tecnológico del Mueble y la Madera de la Región de Murcia
2018
Météo-France
2016
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Genova
1968
University of Genoa
1968
Simulations of the stratosphere from thirteen coupled chemistry‐climate models (CCMs) are evaluated to provide guidance for interpretation ozone predictions made by same CCMs. The focus evaluation is on how well fields and processes that important determining distribution represented in simulations recent past. core period 1980 1999 but long‐term trends compared an extended (1960–2004). Comparisons polar high‐latitude temperatures show most CCMs have only small biases Northern Hemisphere...
Abstract. We present an overview of state-of-the-art chemistry–climate and chemistry transport models that are used within phase 1 the Chemistry–Climate Model Initiative (CCMI-1). The CCMI aims to conduct a detailed evaluation participating using process-oriented diagnostics derived from observations in order gain confidence models' projections stratospheric ozone layer, tropospheric composition, air quality, where applicable global climate change, interactions between them. Interpretation...
Simulations from eleven coupled chemistry‐climate models (CCMs) employing nearly identical forcings have been used to project the evolution of stratospheric ozone throughout 21st century. The model‐to‐model agreement in projected temperature trends is good, and all CCMs predict continued, global mean cooling stratosphere over next 5 decades, increasing around 0.25 K/decade at 50 hPa 1 under Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B...
The impact of stratospheric ozone on the tropospheric general circulation Southern Hemisphere (SH) is examined with a set chemistry‐climate models participating in Stratospheric Processes and their Role Climate (SPARC)/Chemistry‐Climate Model Validation project phase 2 (CCMVal‐2). integrations both past future climates reveal crucial role driving SH change: stronger depletion late spring generally leads to greater poleward displacement intensification midlatitude jet, expansion Hadley cell...
Abstract The response of stratospheric climate and circulation to increasing amounts greenhouse gases (GHGs) ozone recovery in the twenty-first century is analyzed simulations 11 chemistry–climate models using near-identical forcings experimental setup. In addition an overall global cooling stratosphere (0.59 ± 0.07 K decade−1 at 10 hPa), causes a warming Southern Hemisphere polar lower summer with enhanced above. rate correlates projected by and, on average, changes from 0.8 0.48 100 hPa as...
Abstract Geoengineering with stratospheric sulfate aerosols has been proposed as a means of temporarily cooling the planet, alleviating some side effects anthropogenic CO 2 emissions. However, one known injections under present‐day conditions is general decrease in ozone concentrations. Here we present results from two circulation models and coupled chemistry‐climate within experiments G3 G4 Model Intercomparison Project. On average, simulate an increase aerosol surface area density similar...
Abstract. >We analyse simulations performed for the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (CCMI) to estimate return dates of stratospheric ozone layer from depletion caused by anthropogenic chlorine and bromine. We consider a total 155 20 models, including range sensitivity studies which examine impact climate change on recovery. For control (unconstrained nudging towards analysed meteorology) there is large spread (±20 DU in global average) predictions absolute column. Therefore, model...
The performance of 18 coupled Chemistry Climate Models (CCMs) in the Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL) is evaluated using qualitative and quantitative diagnostics. Trends tropopause quantities tropics extratropical Upper Troposphere Lower Stratosphere (UTLS) are analyzed. A grading methodology for evaluating CCMs extended to include variability used develop four different grades tropical temperature pressure, water vapor ozone. Four models multi‐model mean meet standards reproducing key...
Abstract. Projections of stratospheric ozone from a suite chemistry-climate models (CCMs) have been analyzed. In addition to reference simulation where anthropogenic halogenated depleting substances (ODSs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) vary with time, sensitivity simulations either ODS or GHG concentrations fixed at 1960 levels were performed disaggregate the drivers projected changes. These also used assess two distinct milestones returning historical values (ozone return dates) no longer...
Abstract. Changes in atmospheric ozone have occurred since the preindustrial era as a result of increasing anthropogenic emissions. Within ACCENT, European Network Excellence, changes between 1850 and 2000 are assessed for troposphere lower stratosphere (up to 30 km) by variety seven chemistry-climate models three chemical transport models. The modeled taken input detailed calculations radiative forcing. When only chemistry considered (constant climate) global-mean tropospheric column...
The goal of the Chemistry‐Climate Model Validation (CCMVal) activity is to improve understanding chemistry‐climate models (CCMs) through process‐oriented evaluation and provide reliable projections stratospheric ozone its impact on climate. An appreciation details model formulations essential for how respond changing external forcings greenhouse gases ozone‐depleting substances, hence climate forecasts produced by participating in this activity. Here we introduce review used second round...
Abstract. The representation of the Tropical Tropopause Layer (TTL) in 13 different Chemistry Climate Models (CCMs) designed to represent stratosphere is analyzed. Simulations for 1960–2005 and 1980–2100 are compared reanalysis model output. CCMs able reproduce basic structure TTL. There a large (10 K) spread annual mean tropical cold point tropopause temperatures. historical trends pressure obtained from products. Simulated temperatures not consistent across models or reanalyses. both level...
Global climatological distributions of key aerosol quantities (extinction, optical depth, mass, and surface area density) are shown in comparison with results from a three-dimensional global model including stratospheric tropospheric components. It is that future trends regional anthropogenic emissions sulfur dioxide may induce substantial changes the lower budget sulfate aerosols: Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report Emission Scenarios' (SRES) upper limit, "A2"...
A multimodel assessment of the performance chemistry‐climate models (CCMs) in extratropical upper troposphere/lower stratosphere (UTLS) is conducted for first time. Process‐oriented diagnostics are used to validate dynamical and transport characteristics 18 CCMs using meteorological analyses aircraft satellite observations. The main chemical climatological UTLS generally well represented by models, despite limited horizontal vertical resolution. seasonal cycle lowermost stratospheric mass...
Variability in the strength of stratospheric Lagrangian mean meridional or Brewer‐Dobson circulation and horizontal mixing into tropics over past three decades are examined using observations age air ozone. We use a simple representation stratosphere, tropical leaky pipe (TLP) model, guided by changes several reanalyses data sets chemistry climate model (CCM) simulations, to help elucidate reasons for observed find that TLP is able accurately simulate multiyear variability ozone following...
Simulations of 15 coupled chemistry climate models, for the period 1960–2100, are presented. The models include a detailed stratosphere, as well including realistic representation tropospheric climate. simulations assume consistent set changing greenhouse gas concentrations, temporally varying chlorofluorocarbon concentrations in accordance with observations past and expectations future. ozone results analyzed using nonparametric additive statistical model. Comparisons made recent past,...
[1] We use observations of N2O and mean age to identify realistic transport in models order explain their ozone predictions. The results are applied 15 chemistry climate (CCMs) participating the 2010 World Meteorological Organization assessment. Comparison observed simulated N2O, compact correlation identifies with fast or slow circulations reveals details model ascent tropical isolation. This process-oriented diagnostic is more useful than alone because it compensating deficiencies that...
Abstract. Monthly averaged surface erythemal solar irradiance (UV-Ery) for local noon from 1960 to 2100 has been derived using radiative transfer calculations and projections of ozone, temperature cloud change 14 chemistry climate models (CCM), as part the CCMVal-2 activity SPARC. Our show influence ozone depletion recovery on irradiance. In addition, we investigate UV-Ery changes caused by due increasing greenhouse gas concentrations. The latter include effects both stratospheric changes....
Abstract. Ozone fields simulated for the first phase of Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (CCMI-1) will be used as forcing data in 6th Coupled Intercomparison Project. Here we assess, using reference and sensitivity simulations produced CCMI-1, suitability CCMI-1 model results this process, investigating degree consistency amongst models regarding their responses to variations individual forcings. We consider influences methane, nitrous oxide, a combination chlorinated or brominated...
Large explosive volcanic eruptions are capable of injecting considerable amounts particles and sulfur gases above the tropopause, causing large increases in stratospheric aerosols. Five major after 1960 (i.e., Agung, St. Helens, El Chichón, Nevado del Ruiz Pinatubo) have been considered a numerical study conducted with composition-climate coupled model including an aerosol microphysics code for formation growth. Model results compared between ensemble simulations aerosols their radiative...
The evolution of stratospheric ozone from 1960 to 2100 is examined in simulations 14 chemistry‐climate models, driven by prescribed levels halogens and greenhouse gases. There general agreement among the models that total column reached a minimum around year 2000 at all latitudes, projected be followed an increase over first half 21st century. In second century, continue increasing, level off, or even decrease depending on latitude. Separation into partial columns above below 20 hPa reveals...
Fifteen chemistry‐transport models are used to quantify, for the first time, export of oxidised nitrogen (NO y ) and from four regions (Europe, North America, South Asia, East Asia), estimate uncertainty in results. Between 12 24% NO x emitted is exported each region annually. The strongest impact source on a foreign is: Europe America Europe, Asia America. exports most , least. receives other regions. 8 15% transported over distances larger than 1000 km, with 3–10% ultimately deposited
Coupled chemistry‐climate model simulations covering the recent past and continuing throughout 21st century have been completed with a range of different models. Common forcings are used for halogen amounts greenhouse gas concentrations, as expected under Montreal Protocol (with amendments) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change A1b Scenario. The Antarctic ozone hole compared using commonly diagnostics: minimum ozone, maximum area below 220 DU, mass deficit DU. Despite fact that processes...
Abstract. The stratospheric age of air (AoA) is a useful measure the overall capabilities general circulation model (GCM) to simulate transport. Previous studies have reported large spread in simulation AoA by GCMs and coupled chemistry–climate models (CCMs). Compared observational estimates, simulated mostly too low. Here we attempt untangle processes that lead differences between observations. influenced both mean transport residual two-way mixing; quantify effects these using data from...
Abstract We quantify the stratospheric injection of brominated very short‐lived substances (VSLS) based on aircraft observations acquired in winter 2014 above Tropical Western Pacific during CONvective TRansport Active Species Tropics (CONTRAST) and Airborne TRopopause EXperiment (ATTREX) campaigns. The overall contribution VSLS to bromine was determined be 5.0 ± 2.1 ppt, agreement with 5 3 ppt estimate provided World Meteorological Organization (WMO) Ozone Assessment report (WMO 2014), but...