Purpose Despite the criticality of financial inclusion, population growth and energy intensity in shaping production consumption, economic environmental sustainability, less attention has been directed to their collective integrating role as pathways sustainable development. This study therefore examines critical link between inclusion development Nigeria, taking into account intensity. Design/methodology/approach The employs Kernelized regularized least squares (KRLS) machine learning...

This paper investigates the contribution of tourism to economic growth in Lebanon for time period 1995–2010. The presence long-run and causal relationships is investigated applying bounds testing approach cointegration Granger causality tests. Because small sample (T = 16), econometric approaches critical values used receive special attention. Additionally, a number diagnostic tests are utilised ensure that model suitable correct. Interestingly, our results reveal cointegrated. test...

This research note attempts to re-investigate the validity of tourism-led growth hypothesis for Malaysia based on data set 12 different tourism markets from January 1995 February 2009. The error-correction modelling-based cointegration test shows that economic and international tourist arrivals are cointegrated all markets. Nevertheless, Granger causality results demonstrate not Granger-cause growth. Therefore, identification potential is vital implementing effective marketing policies....

Abstract This letter extends the Gunduz and Hatemi‐J study on tourism‐led growth hypothesis with Malaysian data. The rolling subsample causality test was employed to demonstrate validity stability of tourism–growth relationship. Our result shows relationship is valid stable over sample period. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Purpose This study attempts to re‐investigate the electricity consumption function for Malaysia through cointegration and causality analyses over period 1970 2005. Design/methodology/approach The employed bounds‐testing procedure examine potential long‐run relationship, while an autoregressive distributed lag model is used derive short‐ coefficients. Granger test applied determine direction between its determinants. Findings New evidence found in this study: first, consumption, income,...

ABSTRACT This study applies the bounds testing approach, error‐correction modelling and persistence profile to analyse dynamic relationship between real tourism receipts, income exchange rates in Malaysia. The present covers annual sample period from 1974 2009. results reveal that a long‐run exists variables. In short run, this finds no Granger causality receipts income, whereas there is bidirectional long‐run. Moreover, we also find unidirectional running both short‐ Copyright © 2012 John...

The primary aim of this study is to determine whether the tourism-led growth hypothesis globally valid by accounting for countries’ income levels and their institutional qualities, against a panel dataset 167 countries. qualities referred are political stability corruption control. We employ dynamic generalized method moments (GMM) approach examine relationship. It can be inferred from exercise that tourism positively contributes economic but effect varies across countries at different...