Mammalian intestinal microbiota remain poorly understood despite decades of interest and investigation by culture-based other long-established methodologies. Using high-throughput sequencing technology we now report a detailed analysis canine faecal microbiota. The study group animals comprised eleven healthy adult miniature Schnauzer dogs mixed sex age, some closely related all housed in kennel pen accommodation on the same premises with similar feeding exercise regimes. DNA was extracted...

Periodontal disease is the most widespread oral in dogs which if left untreated results significant pain to pet and loss of dentition. The objective this study was identify bacterial species canine plaque that are significantly associated with health, gingivitis mild periodontitis (<25% attachment loss). In survey subgingival samples were collected from 223 healthy gingiva, 72 77 per health status. DNA extracted subjected PCR amplification V1-V3 region 16S rDNA. Pyrosequencing amplicons...

Periodontal disease is the most widespread oral in dogs. Whilst involvement of bacteria aetiology periodontitis well established role individual species and their complex interactions with host not understood. The objective this research was therefore to perform a longitudinal study dogs identify changes that occur subgingival bacterial communities during transition from mild gingivitis early stages (<25% attachment loss). Subgingival plaque samples were collected teeth 52 miniature...

Periodontal disease (PD) is the most widespread oral in dogs and has been associated with serious systemic diseases. The more prevalent small breeds compared to large incidence increases advancing age. In prevalence studies 84% of Beagles over age 3 100% Poodles 4 were diagnosed PD. Current knowledge rate progression PD limited. objective this study was determine Miniature Schnauzers, an at risk breed dog. Dogs (n = 52, 1.3-6.9 years) who had received a regular care regime prior assessed for...

Microbiota from different niches within the canine oral cavity were profiled and compared. Supragingival plaque stimulated saliva, collected alongside samples buccal tongue dorsum mucosa, 14 Labrador retrievers at three timepoints a 1 month timeframe. The V3-V4 region of 16S rRNA gene was sequenced via Illumina MiSeq.Supragingival microbiota had highest bacterial diversity largest number significant differences in individual taxa when compared to other niches. Stimulated saliva exhibited...

Despite periodontal disease (PD) being amongst the most common diagnoses in primary-care practice, is generally underdiagnosed. However, millions of clinical records generated by pet hospitals each year provide unique opportunities to generate insights about risk across large numbers dogs. The objective this study was undertake a retrospective analysis medical ascertain which sizes and breeds dog are frequently diagnosed with PD. Although data collection regarding PD not consistent, it...

The intimate relationship between dogs and their owners has the potential to increase risk of human exposure bacterial pathogens. Over past 40 years, there have been several reports on transmission salmonellae from humans. This study therefore aimed determine prevalence Salmonella in faeces Midlands region United Kingdom assess for zoonotic transmission. A total 436 apparently healthy without diarrhoea households (n = 126), rescue centres 96), boarding kennels 43), retired greyhound 39) a...

PCR amplification and sequencing of phylogenetic markers, primarily Small Sub-Unit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) genes, has been the paradigm for defining taxonomic composition microbiomes. However, 'universal' SSU rRNA gene primer sets are likely to miss much diversity therein. We sequenced a library comprising purified reverse-transcribed (RT-SSU molecules from canine oral microbiome compared it general bacterial 16S amplicon generated same biological sample. In addition, we have developed...

Periodontal disease is the most common oral of dogs and has been associated with systemic disease. The purpose present study was to determine extent periodontal in a population Yorkshire terrier without tooth brushing regimen. Each dog assessed under general anaesthesia two five times between 37 78 weeks age. gingivitis periodontitis ascertained for every mouth. Gingivitis measured using time bleeding on probing, based clinical attachment loss (probing depth, gingival recession furcation...

Abstract Background Periodontal disease is the most common oral of dogs worldwide and results from a complex interplay between plaque bacteria, host environmental factors. Recent studies have enhanced our understanding associations microbiota canine periodontal disease. These studies, however, were limited in their geographical reach. Thus location investigated by determining composition subgingival samples 587 residing United Kingdom (UK), States America (USA), China Thailand using...

Porphyromonads play an important role in human periodontal disease and recently have been shown to be highly prevalent canine mouths. Porphyromonas cangingivalis is the most oral bacterial species both plaque from healthy gingiva dogs with early periodontitis. The ability of P. flourish different environmental conditions characterized by these two states suggests a degree metabolic flexibility. To characterize genes responsible for this, genomes 32 isolates (including 18 newly sequenced...

The human cornea is a tri-laminar structure composed of several cell types with substantial mitotic potential. Age-related changes in the are associated declining visual acuity and onset overt age-related corneal diseases. Corneal transplantation commonly used to restore vision patients damaged or diseased corneas. However, supply donor tissue limited, thus there considerable interest development tissue-engineered alternatives. A major obstacle these approaches short replicative lifespan...

To determine the incidence and rates of progression gingivitis periodontitis in Labrador retrievers.Fifty-three dogs, aged 1·1 to 5·9 years, had their periodontal health assessed every 6 months for up 2 years. The extent was measured around whole gingival margin tooth under general anaesthesia.All dogs at initial assessment. majority (64·2%) aspects very mild gingivitis. palatal/lingual aspect all types most likely show bleeding when probed: 63·0% these or moderate Over 56·6% developed as...

The aim of this work was to evaluate Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence (QLF TM ) as an alternative the established Logan and Boyce method for determining plaque coverage dogs’ teeth. In a series studies in conscious anesthetized dogs, QLF showed good intra-photographer repeatability (coefficient variation [CV] 7.5% undisclosed teeth) inter-photographer reproducibility (CV 3.2% teeth 8.5% disclosed teeth). software accurately identifies areas demonstrated by comparison variability 5...

Abstract Objective —To investigate telomere lengths in tissues of domestic shorthair (DSH) cats various ages, evaluate the relationship between length and age cats, telomerase activity somatic cats. Sample Population —Tissues obtained from 2 DSH blood samples 30 Procedure —DNA isolated cells tissue was subjected to terminal restriction fragment (TRF) analysis determine mean repeat lengths. Protein were by use a telomeric repeat-amplification protocol assess activity. Results —Mean TRF values...

Dietary means of reducing plaque and calculus deposits are frequently sought for the maintenance oral health in cats dogs. In development such products sensitive, reliable, reproducible methods measuring key. The aim this study was to assess Quantitative Light-induced Fluorescence (QLF™) detection dental coverage compared modified Logan Boyce technique. techniques were utilised a crossover study, which two diets their effect on deposition cohort 24 adult cats. Analysis diet by both technique...