Sorghum has been gaining attention in Florida as a crop alternative harvested whole plant silage for inclusion backgrounding diets the main roughage source to fill forage gap winter feeding programs. The objective of this publication is share experience three consecutive years at North Research and Education Center (NFREC) Marianna, Florida, using whole-plant sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) dietary ingredient growing heifers. County Extension agents cattle producers can use report reference range...

Abstract Changing climatic conditions are imposing risks and diminishing yields in agriculture. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) silage is a feasible option for backgrounding beef cattle terms of economic risk management animal productivity when compared with corn (Zea mays) silage, due to its drought adaptability. Similarly, Brassica carinata meal has proven be viable alternative as protein supplement forage-based systems, included at 10% the diet dry matter (DM). However, research scarce...

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of nonprotein nitrogen (NPN) supplementation on in vitro fermentation and animal performance using a backgrounding diet. In experiment 1, incubations three separate days (replicates). Treatments control (CTL, without NPN), urea (U), urea–biuret (UB), urea–biuret–nitrate (UBN) mixtures. Except for control, treatments isonitrogenous 1% U inclusion as reference. Ruminal fluid was collected from two Angus-crossbred steers fed diet...

Abstract As the demand of nutrients by population will continue to grow over years, efficient practices are required in food chain satisfy demand. This practice involves intensification production systems. Moreover, can potentially harm animal or environment if resources used limit. The latter, product pushing limit ruminal environment. Dietary buffers and tannins offer a key role addressing issues related intensification. study aimed evaluate effects two dietary tannins. Ruminal...

Abstract By 2050, the US beef industry must produce an extra 40 million tons of to satisfy global demand, while reducing methane (CH4) emissions. This surplus cattle will be provided mostly by cow-calf operations, which rely primarily on grazing. Those pastures are often infested with weeds such as pigweed (Amaranthus spinosus), one most invasive in US, known for its increased polyphenols concentration. Despite effect CH4 reduction, few studies have explored a feed additive. Our objective...

Abstract Non-protein nitrogen (NPN) supplements improve animal performance in backgrounding diets. However, there is scarce information regarding the effect of different NPN sources and combinations on ruminal fermentation profile. The current study aimed to evaluate their vitro fermentation, microbial N synthesis, methane (CH4) production a diet. Incubations were conducted three separate days for 24 h using corn silage cotton gin byproduct (70% 30% DM, respectively) as substrate. Treatments...

Abstract Feedlots have a crucial role in meeting the increasing global demand for meat. Despite ongoing efforts to improve feed efficiency finishing diets, cattle feedlots may experience methane (CH4) losses ranging from 2 12% of dietary gross energy (GE). Identifying strategies mitigate diets is imperative ensuring sustainability beef production. Anacardic acid, contained cashew nutshell extract (CNSE) has shown promising results reducing CH4 emissions forage-based diets; however, its...

Abstract Our previous studies showed that processing sorghum silage at harvest and storing for approximately 150 d, improved average daily gain (ADG), feed efficiency (FE) apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of starch when included as the basal ingredient in diets fed to growing Angus heifers. However, differences animal performance nutrient disappeared same was again after 1 yr storage. An experiment performed evaluate effects kernel storage time on ruminal situ degradability (SS). A...

Abstract The inclusion of Aspergillus oryzae prebiotic (AOP; Amaferm, Biozyme Inc., St Joseph, MO) in ruminant diets has been proven to stimulate cellulolytic ruminal microorganisms, although, its positive effect on nutrient digestibility seems be diet dependent. Our objective was evaluate how AOP influences the apparent total tract dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) at varying levels intake, for with different forage sources levels. Data were compiled from 3 experiments...

The beef industry contributes to greenhouse gas emissions through enteric methane emissions, exacerbating climate change. Anacardic acid in cashew nutshell extract (CNSE), saponins and tannins (ST) are plant secondary metabolites that show promise mitigation via antimicrobial effects, potentially exerting changes ruminal fermentation patterns. This study examined the impact of CNSE, ST, their combination on digestibility, intake, performance sixteen Angus crossbred steers (347 ± 30 kg)...

By 2050, the U.S. beef industry must produce an extra 40 million tons of to satisfy global demand. Such increase in inventory will undoubtedly enhance methane (CH4) production from livestock, which should be reduced by over 20%. The addition plant secondary metabolites, such as anacardic acid present cashew nutshell extract (CNSE), has shown promising results reducing CH4 yield, although its effects seemed diet dependent. This study evaluated CNSE a high-grain (85:15 Grain: forage) on vivo...

Reproduction, Fertility and Development is an international journal publishing original research , review comment in the fields of reproduction developmental biology humans, domestic animals wildlife

Garlic (Allium sativum) contains secondary compounds that are known to modify rumen fermentation parameters and decrease methane (CH4) emissions. The objective was evaluate the effects of increasing inclusion levels processing methods garlic on in vitro CH4 production. Treatments were arranged a randomized complete block design with 2 × 3 + 1 factorial arrangement, where main factors initial condition (intact or smashed), drying process (freeze-dried, oven-dried, autoclaved), proportion diet...

Increasing levels of Chlorella spp. on in vitro fermentation and methane production a corn silage-base diet Incremento de los niveles sobre la fermentación y producción metano en una dieta base ensilaje maíz Aumento no nível na fermentação e produção

Abstract The search for alternatives to mitigate enteric methane emissions remains a top priority ensure the continued sustainability of livestock industry. Exploration new direct-fed microbials with potential in ruminant nutrition is an active and promising area research. This study aimed evaluate effects feeding novel probiotic on ruminal fermentation parameters, vitro production, nutrient utilization beef steers. A total 12 ruminally cannulated American Aberdeen steers (348 ± 37 kg BW)...

Abstract Probiotics may be an effective alternative to antimicrobials in terms of modifying the ruminal microbial ecology enhance fermentative process and improving animal health production. Although Bacillus spp. have demonstrated a great potential, effects increasing inclusion levels on fermentation profile are unclear. The objective this study was evaluate doses probiotic vitro profile, gas production kinetics, nutrient digestibility, using sorghum silage-based substrate. Incubations were...

Abstract The value of carinata, a non-food oilseed crop, has been demonstrated as high-quality jet fuel alternative and successful cover crop in the southeastern U.S.; however, research is limited regarding carinata an for commonly used protein sources livestock. Thirty-two Angus crossbred steers were generalized randomized block design to evaluate effects supplementing meal compared with cottonseed on performance, carcass characteristics, meat sensory attributes finishing diet. Treatments...

Abstract Direct-fed microbials have been used in an effort to improve livestock production efficiency and reduce environmental impact. Among other species, spore forming bacteria such as Bacillus spp. present handling processing advantages be a probiotic. Several studies demonstrated positive effects of on dairy cattle production. However, there is lack information about its beef cattle. Thus, the objective this study was evaluate effect probiotic composed by mixture B. subtilis...

Abstract Beef cattle are a major contributor to methane (CH4) emissions. Enteric CH4 is produced by archaea, mostly hosted ruminal protozoa, thus, changes in protozoa counts have been associated with production. Therefore, reliable count (PROT) essential evaluate CH4-mitigation strategies. Typically, PROT done fixation methyl-green-formalin-saline solution (MFS), which reveals ciliate numbers but not viability (VIAB). The Trypan Blue Exclusion Method (TBEM) involves an intracellular probe...

Abstract The value of carinata, a non-food oilseed crop, has been demonstrated as high-quality jet fuel alternative and successful cover crop in the southeastern U.S.; however, research is limited regarding carinata an for commonly used protein sources livestock. Eighty-four Angus crossbred heifers were generalized randomized block design to evaluate effects supplementing meal compared with cottonseed on performance, intake, digestibility backgrounding corn silage-based diet. Treatments...

Abstract Garlic (Allium sativum) contains secondary compounds known to modify rumen fermentation parameters and decrease methane (CH4) emissions; however, results from previous research on the effects of garlic-byproduct supplementation are quite variable. The objective this experiment was evaluate increasing inclusion levels processing methods dried raw garlic in vitro ruminal CH4 production. designed as a randomized complete block design, where 24 h incubations were conducted three...

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation with an Aspergillus oryzae prebiotic (AOP) fed from ~30 d pre-partum until 30 post-partum, on mineral concentrations in blood, liver, colostrum, and milk multiparous beef cows. Thirty pregnant Angus crossbred cows were offered ad libitum Bermuda grass hay (Cynodon dactylon) plus a Vitaferm Concept-Aid (Biozyme Inc., St Joseph, MO) supplement at rate 112 g, containing (AOP; n = 15) or not (CTL; AOP. The treatments delivered...

Abstract The value of carinata, a non-food oilseed crop, has been demonstrated as high-quality jet fuel alternative and successful cover crop in the southeastern U.S.; however, research is limited regarding carinata an for commonly used protein sources livestock. Eighty-four Angus crossbred heifers were generalized randomized block design to evaluate effects replacing cottonseed meal with on performance, intake, digestibility backgrounding corn silage-based diet. Treatments included: silage...