The present article introduces VLC for automotive applications using an image sensor. In particular, V2I-VLC and V2V-VLC are presented. While previous studies have documented the effectiveness of V2I V2V communication radio technology in terms improving safety, article, we identify characteristics unique to image-sensor-based as compared wave technology. two primary advantages a system its line-of-sight feature sensor that not only provides functions, but also potential vehicle safety made...

As a new technology for next-generation vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, visible-light communication (VLC) using light-emitting diode (LED) transmitters and camera receivers has been energetically studied. Toward the future in which vehicles are connected anytime anywhere by optical signals, cutting-edge receiver employing special CMOS image sensor, i.e., sensor (OCI), prototyped, an V2V system applying this OCI-based already demonstrated 10-Mb/s signal transmission between real...

This manuscript introduces a mathematically tractable and accurate model of narrowband power line noise based on experimental measurements. In this paper, the is expressed as Gaussian process whose instantaneous variance periodic time function. With assumption representation, cyclostationary features can be described in close form. The function that represents then approximated with small number parameters. waveform generated shows good agreement actually measured noise. Noise waveforms by...

Channel modeling is critical for the design and performance evaluation of visible light communication (VLC). Although a considerable amount research has focused on indoor VLC systems using single-element photodiodes, there remains need channel outdoor mobile environments. In this paper, we describe provide results image sensor based automotive applications. particular, examine model movements in plane as well decay according to distance between transmitter receiver. Optical flow measurements...

In this paper, we consider visible light communication systems using LED array as a transmitter and high-speed camera receiver for Intelligent Transport System (ITS). Previously, have proposed the hierarchical coding scheme which allocates data to spatial frequency components of image depending on priority. This is possible receive information high-priority even if distance long. However, need distinguish multi-valued from received by coding. propose two improved decoding methods,...

This paper aims to the improve data rate for visible light communication system using LED array and high-speed camera. Previously, we have proposed decoding algorithm inverted signals driving situation. However, this method become a half, because transmit original alternately tracking. In paper, propose improving overlay coding which is that two are called as long range short data. method, data, alternately. On other hand, only while of We confirm can compared with previous method.

Throughput analysis of direct-sequence spread spectrum multiple access (DS/SSMA) unslotted ALOHA with fixed packet length is presented. As the levels multi-user interference fluctuate during transmission, we calculate error probability and throughput by considering not only number overlapped packets but also amount time overlap. On assumption that generation Poisson, system can be thought as queueing M/D//spl infin/. With Gaussian approximation interference, obtain function chips in a bit,...

In this paper, we discuss on a decoding algorithm for visible light communication systems in the driving situation using an LED array transmitter and high-speed camera receiver. We propose detection method M-sequence tracking inverted signals. confirm that can distinguish candidates correctly with M-sequence. also suppress flicker of improve data rate as compared previous method.

As one of ITS technique, a new visible light road-to-vehicle communication system at intersections is proposed. In this system, the between vehicle and an LED traffic conducted using as transmitter, on-vehicle high-speed camera receiver. The LEDs in transmitter emit high frequency those emitting are captured by for making communication. Here, luminance value should be consecutive frames to achieve effective For purpose, first found, then it tracked processing images from camera. paper, we...

This paper presents a feasibility study of the uplink visible light communication (VLC) beacon system for universal traffic management (UTMS). The UTMS is beneath National Police Agency Japan. Currently, 55 000 infrared systems have been installed, and they provide expressway ordinary road information to cars. However, data rate 1 Mbps, faster necessary support automotive smart mobility devices. In this paper, we propose an V2I UTMS. designed match current as closely possible, so that can...

The present paper proposes a novel multiple-LED-arrays acquisition for an infrastructure-to-vehicle visible light communication (I2V-VLC) using LED arrays (transmitter) and in-vehicle high-speed image sensor (receiver). In order to achieve robust detection of arrays, we employ the block matching algorithm, which is way finding corresponding position between two successive frames. proposed method divides captured into number small domains (blocks) determines if array or absent matching. We...

Visible light communication (VLC) using light-emitting diodes (LEDs) is drawing much attention. There are two types of VLC reception devices, a photodiode and an image sensor. sensor called based VLC. As the receiver only uses pixels that sense LED transmission sources discards other pixels, including those sensing noise sources, attractive solution for outdoor mobile applications. However, little evidence available channel modeling in environments, especially motion transmitter. In this...

For efficient collection of the leaf temperature data over entire farm, we simultaneously use a drone in sky and sensor nodes on ground that are both equipped with infrared thermometers. In this study, propose communication protocol for wireless network (WSN). The preliminary results prototype experiment show measurements sufficiently synchronized collecting useful data.

An inter-vehicle communication system, called vehicular ad hoc network (VANET), is one of the most promising applications a mobile (MANET). One important issues in VANET scalability. Compared with topology-based routing protocols, protocol using position information may alleviate scalability or control overhead. Car navigation systems global positioning system (GPS) are widespread, and position-based useful approach VANETs. A next-hop forwarding method type protocol, wherein selection scheme...

This paper aims to improve the visible light communication system using LED array and high-speed camera by proposing what we call "overlay coding". "Overlay coding" is a new coding method realize hierarchical coding, through which high-priority data can be received even if receiver far from transmitter. Conventionally, has been realized wavelet transform that limitation of number disposition LEDs, as result it does not always match with design transmitters (e.g. traffic lights, etc.) used in...

In wireless communication systems, as one of the effective techniques for combating fading, transmit diversity has attracted much attention, especially when receive is expensive or impractical due to constraint terminal size. this study we consider an adaptive carrier-by-carrier basis antenna selection scheme in OFDM systems under assumption that a transmitter priori knowledge channel state information (CSI). proposed schemes antennas are selected adaptively each subcarrier according CSI.

We study the connectivity in vehicular ad-hoc networks, where motion of vehicles is constrained on a lattice-shaped road network. First, we theoretically investigate under Poisson-positioning assumption, are positioned according to Poisson process each at any arbitrary instants. find that assumption allows existence finite critical-vehicle density; is, if (and only if) density greater than critical density, then there exists large (theoretically infinite) cluster and an pair set connected...

In this paper, we propose an image-sensor-based visible light communication (IS-VLC) system that provides visual information in digital signage used for advertisements. One important issue of IS-VLC systems is the deterioration while transmitting data information. Human eyes are sensitive to luminance but not color difference; therefore, modulation difference. We evaluate performance proposed terms both quality and information, clarify effectiveness system.

A distributed and expansible architecture for providing message communication service to nodes, which are typically shelters, in a wide disaster-affected area is presented. The large divided into number of sub-areas, each pair electric unmanned aerial vehicles (EVs UAVs) assigned. Message files sent received through wireless link between node the UAV flying over node. They also carried by this (end-to-end-transfer) or carried/relayed multiple UAVs (relay transfer) from/to center station...

This paper aims to improve the transmission distance for road-to-vehicle visible light communication system (R2V-VLC) using LED array and high-speed camera by reducing interference caused at receiver. As we can transmit multiple data camera, parallel be possible. However, due diffusion of finiteness pixel size image sensor, focused will affect not only actual corresponding but also its surrounding pixels. We call this phenomenon as "interpixel (IPI)" it causes degradation in error rate...

An emergency node-combined wireless network that uses balloons, electric vehicles, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) was proposed. We discuss the construction specific issues of this network. The communication area is evaluated by changing node elevation. In network, elevations balloon UAV nodes vary, changes with addition, may be temporarily disconnected area. To solve problem, we employ a delay-tolerant technique. evaluate number density according to desired application regional characteristics.

High-speed image sensors, designed for machine vision and control, provide the "eyes" autonomous connected vehicle. A noteworthy feature of high-speed sensors is their ability to be used as a reception device visible light communication (VLC) signals. Due massive number pixels available spatially separate sources, signal-receiving pixel in sensor plane represents actual position transmitter. The VLC signal can represented not only by time domain but also In this paper, we propose robust...

VANET is an application of a mobile ad hoc network to inter-vehicle communication. Each vehicle aware its position information by GPS or other methods. Position-based routing useful approach in VANET. The protocol can be classified roughly into next-hop forwarding method and directed flooding method. We evaluate performance both methods analysis simulation compare them this paper.

We have built a wireless mesh network testbed, which is tolerant of disaster and aim to resolve digital divide issue in rural mountain areas. This testbed located two areas has total 22 nodes are installed on the power poles these Two connected control server at Niigata university with broadband access systems using 5 GHz band via gate way node local-government office, center Each LAN interfaces IEEE 802.11b/g point. measure throughput packet transmission successful ratio links our testbed....