Individuals are consistently observed to be risk-averse over gains and risk-seeking losses. This study examined whether increased social distance would change these behavioral patterns. To test our hypothesis, was manipulated by asking the participants make decisions either for themselves or another person (Experiment 1), a known an unknown 2), close friend distant 3). The results of Experiments 1 3 showed that made people more risk-neutral, such effect stronger in gain domain than loss...

Distortions in healthcare provider - receiver communication often lead to cognitive bias, diagnostic errors, and medical conflicts. The information concretization abstraction hypotheses present contradictory risk models, which makes it difficult determine clinical references for communication. We proposed demonstrated a hypothesis of matching roles with concrete abstract information. processing accuracy (e.g. frequency) probability) was compared between providers receivers. results showed...

Purpose This study aims to examine how wealth status influences social members’ allocation preferences under an effort-contribution imbalance and explore the underlying mechanism from perspectives of competence warmth perception. Design/methodology/approach In three studies, we manipulated participants’ using Monopoly game measured their preferences, as well perceptions warmth, in scenarios with imbalances. Data were analyzed chi-square test, hierarchical regression bootstrapping analysis....

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In advertising studies, the impact of sexually appealing advertisements (hereafter "ads") on consumers' product preferences is highly controversial. This paper explores (1) how such ads affect at gazing stage (initial exposure to ad) and evaluation (final preference), (2) which type (utilitarian vs. hedonic) more suited ads. We used an electroencephalogram record participants' self-reported stage. The results indicated that participants preferred with high sex appeal low Further, compared...

Consumers' worse-than-expected disconfirmation in ecommerce settings leads to several negative consequences, such as product returns and sales reductions. In contrast common remedy strategies, a novel, proactive strategy, consumer inoculation, was employed our study alleviate consumers' responses. A two-phase (prepurchase postsale) longitudinal experiment conducted examine the effects of prepurchase inoculation booster on chi-square test analysis variance (ANOVA) were used analyze data. The...

We have abundant evidence that people exhibit biases in weighting probability information. The current study aims to examine whether self-distancing would reduce these biases. Participants this were instructed use either a or self-immersing strategy regulate their reasoning when they indicated valuations of different lotteries. results show that, compared the baseline group, participants group exhibited less distortion probability- function, while those more distortion. These offer for power reducing

Previous studies have shown that social distance influences one's judgment at the decision-making stage, although its impact in outcome evaluation which is a vital stage process, ignored. Using event-related potentials, we examined influence of on feedback by requiring participants to make decisions for themselves, their friends, or strangers. Increased reduced feedback-related negativity amplitude early and P300 late evaluation. These results provide evidence power decreasing motivation,...

Individuals often fail to accurately predict others' decisions in a risky environment. In this paper, we investigate the characteristics and causes of prediction discrepancy. Participants completed decision-making task mixed with different domains (gain vs. loss) probabilities (small large), some participants making for themselves (the actor) others predicting actors' predictor). The results demonstrated discrepancy: predictions were more risk-averse than actual over small-probability gains...

Abstract In social interactions, people frequently encounter gain (i.e., all outcomes are gains from the status-quo) or loss (all losses dilemmas, where their personal interests conflict with interests. We ask whether there any behavioral differences in interactions when it comes to and losses. Using Prisoner’s Dilemma games, three studies we observed that participants were less cooperative domain than domain. This effect was robust, not moderated by payoff amount (Study 1), cooperation...

We explored the discrepancies in risk preference other-regarding decision making from perspective of construal level theory. recruited 166 university undergraduates to participant a 2 (other: close or distant) × (role maker: deciding for others vs. predicting decisions others) (domain: gain loss) experiment. Results showed that participants were more seeking distant than decisions, when others, and loss domain domain. Such effects stronger These findings suggest people's preferences are...

People often exhibit biases in probability weighting such as overweighting small probabilities and underweighting large probabilities. Our research examines whether increased social distance would reduce biases. Participants completed valuation choice tasks of probabilistic lotteries under conditions with different distances. The results showed that reduced these both hypothetical (Studies 1 2) incentivized (Study 3) settings. This reduction was accompanied by a decrease emotional intensity...

Abstract Intertemporal choices involve tradeoffs between outcomes that occur at different times. Most of the research has used pure gains tasks and discount rates yielding from those to explain predict real-world behaviors consequences. However, real decisions are often more complex mixed (e.g., sooner-gain later-loss or sooner-loss later-gain). No study gain-loss intertemporal tradeoff consequences, studies involving such also scarce. Considering a combination losses may yield existing do...

Height is an important concern in human mate choices. Prior research indicates that people who live areas with abundant resources differ from those scarce regarding height preferences. Based on a health-maximizing principle, we propose resource availability account for such differences. Compared women's preferences, men's preferences are hypothesized to be more dependent either financial or caloric availability. Specifically, taller females would preferred by males poor than rich resources....

The present study examines whether collaborative situations make individuals more dishonest in face-to-face settings. It also considers how this dishonesty unfolds over time. To address these questions, we employed a sequential dyadic die-rolling task which two participants pair sitting received payoff only if both reported the same outcome when each one rolled their die. In trial, participant (role A) die first and outcome. Then, second B) was informed of A’s number, as well, If outcomes...

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<title>Abstract</title> There is much debate on the question about whether people are intuitively honest or dishonest. A recent social harm account was proposed to address this debate: dishonesty intuitive when cheating inflicts an abstract other while honesty a concrete other. This pre-registered and well-powered study (n = 764) aims directly test by using time pressure manipulation. Specifically, we examined (vs. self-paced) leads more there victim, but not victim. Results showed no effect...

In social and economic interactions, people often decide differently for others, as against themselves, under situations involving risks. This sometimes leads to conflicts or contradictions. Although previous studies have explored such contradictions, the findings been inconsistent. To reconcile these inconsistencies, this paper investigates role played by different domains probabilities in self-other differences risk. Two groups of participants completed a gambling task combining (gain vs....